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句子种类(初中)

句子种类1.陈述句:用来陈述一件事或表示一种看法,有肯定句和否定句两种句式。

肯定句:主语+谓语例:We live in Guangzhou.我们住在广州。

2.否定句:(1)谓语是be或谓语动词含有情态动词,助动词时,在后面直接加not.They aren’t from Guangdong.(2)谓语动词只有实义动词,根据句子的时态和人称,在前面加don’t, doesn’t 或don’t.Jim doesn’t like sports.(3)当句中有no, none, neither, nobody, nothing, never等表示否定意义的词时构成完全否定。

No one is in the classroom. We all dislike her.考点:以think, believe, suppose, feel 和expect 等动词构成的宾语从句往往在形式上否定主句,意义上否定宾语从句。

I don’t think she is at home.2.疑问句(1)一般疑问句:助动词和be动词提前,直接用yes或no来回答。

Does she go to school? Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.(2)选择疑问句:问句+ or + 供选择部分,不能用yes 或no 来回答,而要用一个完整的句子或省略形式来回答。

Is he reading books or doing homework? He is reading books./ Reading books. (3)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词(wh或how)+ 一般疑问句?不能直接用yes 或no来回答,而要用一个词或者词组,也可以用完整的一句话来回答。

Where does he live? Paris. / He lives in Paris.3.反意疑问句基本结构:陈述部分+疑问部分原则:a. 前肯后否,前否后肯,名词转代b. 前句和后句的主语和时态一致(1)前面有no, never, hardly, few, little, nothing, nobody, seldom, none等否定词时,后面用肯定提问。

There are few people in the room, are there?(2)在祈使句中,当前面表肯定,后面用will you.Open the door, will you?考点:Let’s..., shall we? Let’s go to the park, shall we?Let us..., will you? Let us clean the classroom, will you?(3)在there be的句型中,疑问部分的主语用thereThere are 45 students in your class, aren’t there?(4)主从复合句以主句为主,但当主句是I don’t/suppose/believe/think等时要以从句为主。

He says that Jim did it, doesn’t he?I think he is at home, isn’t he?I don’t think he has been to China, has he?(5)反意疑问句的答语:对于陈述部分是否定形式,疑问部分是肯定形式的反意疑问句的回答,要根据事实来说话,若事实是肯定的,就用yes;若事实是否定的,就用no.Jim didn’t come to school today, did he?Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t .You haven’t been to the Great Wall, have you?Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.(6)前面主句部分带有have的两种情况:人have/ has (现在完成时的助动词)+ P.P + ..., haven’t/ hasn’t ?人+ have/ has (有)+ ..., don’t/ doesn’t ?4.祈使句:表示请求或命令的句子(以动词原形开头的句子)基本结构:(肯定句)动词原形+ 表语/宾语Open the door. / Be quiet!(否定句)Don’t + 动词原形+ 表语/宾语Don’t turn on the light. 答句:I/ We will. I / We don’t练习:1. --Rose, we will start at six tomorrow morning. Don’t be late, _______ ?--______. I’ll be there on time.A. won’t you; Yes, I willB. will you; Yes, I willC. will you; No, I won’tD. won’t you; No, I don’t5.感叹句:用来表示强烈感情,句末多用!,通常由how或what引导。

How + adj /adv + S + V + ...!What + a/ an + adj + 可数名词单数(+ S +V + ...) !What + adj + 可数名词复数/ 不可数名词(+ S +V + ...) !考点:以what开头的感叹句可以和以how开头的感叹句互换,意思不变。

What a nice girl she is! How bad weather is!= How nice the girl is ! =What bad weather it is!练习:1. _______ interesting book it is!A. HowB. WhatC. What anD. How a2. _______ delicious food my mother cooks every day!A. What aB. WhatC. How a3. _______ interesting book it is!A. HowB. WhatC. What anD. How a课后练习:1. --You are a big fan of Lin Shuhao, aren’t you?--_______ . I kind of like him. But I am really crazy about Kobe.A. Yes, I amB. Yes, I doC. No, I’m notD.No, I don’t2. _______ wonderful news report he wrote! We were proud of him!A. HowB. WhatC. What anD. How a3.-- Which coat does she like better, the red one or the yellow one?-- _______A. Yes, the red oneB. She likes the yellow one.C. No, she doesn’t.D. Yes, she does.4. _______ exercising, and I’m sure you’ll be healthier.A. KeepB. To keepC. KeepingD. Kept5. Maria has few friends in China, _______ ?A. has sheB. does sheC. doesn’t sheD. hasn’t she6. The government is asked to improve school busy safety, _______ ?A. didn’t itB. hasn’t itC. doesn’t itD. isn’t it7. _______ call me Mimi! It’s my cat’s name.A. KeepB. To keepC. KeepingD. Kept8. -- There is some beef in the fridge, _______ ?--Yes, there is.A. is thereB. isn’t thereC. has thereD. hasn’t there9. --It’s very cool this summer, _______ ?-- Yes, it is much cooler than last summer.A. isB. isn’tC. doesD. doesn’t10. -- I’ m leaving now.-- _______ you turn off the lights.A.to make sureB. make sureC. made sureD. making sure历届中考真题:1. Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for Literature last year. ______ excellent he is!A. HowB. WhatC. What aD.What an2. Maria has few friends in China, _______ ?A. has sheB. doesn’t sheC. does she3.-- Don’t smoke in the reading room, _______ ?. -- I am sorry. I won’t do it again.A. will youB. shall weC. do you4. People who eat a balanced diet should be healthier than those who only eat biscuits and hamburgers, _______?A. don’t theyB. do theyC. shouldn’t theyD. should they5. _______ wonderful concert they are putting on in the city square!A. HowB. WhatC. What aD.What an。

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