Unit 11 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?学习目标：★学会如何有礼貌地获得信息，培养日常生活中问路与指路的能力；★掌握宾语从句的用法；★养成乐于助人的习惯。
一、词汇1. 基础词汇restroom公共厕所，休息室；shampoo 洗发香波；drugstore 药店，杂货店main主要的，重要的；department 部，局，部门；escalator电动扶梯，自动扶梯；furniture 家具；furniture store 家具店；exchange 更换，调换；hang 悬挂，吊；fresh 鲜的，生的，无经验的；advantage 有利条件，优点，好处；disadvantage 不利条件，缺点，坏处；block街区，街段；slide 滑行；clown 小丑，丑角；department store 百货商店，百货公司；2. 重点短语hang out 闲荡；dress up 盛装，打扮，装饰二、日常用语1. Do you know where I can buy shampoo?2. Could you tell me how to get to the post office?3. Can you please tell me where I can get a dictionary?Yes. There’s a fascinating science museum.4. Could you please tell me if there are many good museums in New Town?5. The museum is really interesting.6. Turn left/right. Take the elevator to the second floor.三、知识讲解Section A:1．Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?你能告诉我公共厕所在哪吗？★该句为宾语从句。
宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用。
宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序。
引导宾语从句的关联词有that，whether，if，连接代词和连接副词。
如：--- I am sure (that) Jack will be late. 我肯定杰克会迟到。
--- I wonder whether/if he still works in that bank.我不知道他是否仍在那家银行工作。
--- Do you remember where you put the keys?你记得你把钥匙放哪里了吗？当主句的谓语动词是think，believe，expect，suppose和imagine等时，如果宾语从句要表示否定意义，往往通过主句的否定形式来实现。
即，注意否定的转移。
如：--- I don’t think (that) he will agree with my ideas.我认为他不会同意我的意见。
如果用if 引导宾语从句，后面不能加上or not.如：--- I don’t care whether he can do it or not. 我不介意他究竟会不会做。
2. Take the elevator to the second floor. 乘坐电梯到二楼。
★take:to use 乘坐如：take a train★elevator:an apparatus in a building that moves up and down between floors and carries people or goods电梯★escalator:a set of moving stairs in a store，railway station，airport，etc.(商场，车站，机场等的)电动扶梯，自动扶梯3. The bank is next to the bookstore.银行在书店的旁边。
★next to:a close beside 贴近，靠近如：---I’m sitting next to Mary. 我坐在玛丽的旁边。
★英语中表示方位的表达有：close to 在附近；on the left/right side在左/右边；in the middle of 在……的中间；in front of 在……的前面；between … and … 在……之间；be opposite to 在……对面；across from 在……对面。
4. I prefer being outside. 我宁愿呆在外面。
★prefer:to choose (one thing or action) rather than another; like better宁可，宁愿，更喜欢。
(1)prefer sth如：--- Would you like meat or fish?你想吃肉还是吃鱼？--- I’d prefer meat，please. 我更喜欢吃肉。
(2)prefer sth. / doing to sth. /doing如：--- I prefer dogs to cats.我喜欢狗，不太喜欢猫。
--- I prefer reading to singing. 我喜爱读书胜过唱歌。
(3)prefer to do sth.如：--- Would you prefer me to come on Monday?你是否宁可要我星期一来？(4)prefer to do … rather than do …如：--- He prefers to write his letters rather than dictate them.他喜欢自己写信，不愿意口授自己的信。
5. There’s always something happening. 总有某些事情发生。
该句中，现在分词happening 表示伴随，用来修饰something。
happen：to take place 发生如：--- A funny thing happened yesterday. 昨天发生了一件趣事。
happen 一词只有主动形式，不能用于被动。
6. It’s also just fun to watch pe ople. 观察人是很有趣的。
It’s + adj. + (for sb.) + to do sth. (对于某人来说，做某事是……的) 该句型中，it是一个形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to do sth. 句型中的for sb.常根据需要省略。
如：--- It’s impossible for him to get up early.对于他来说，早起床是不可能的。
--- It’s great to travel around the wo rld.环球旅行是很棒的事情。
7. When I go into stores I always spend too much money!当我走进商店，我总会花掉很多的钱。
spend，cost，take，pay 都可以表示"花费"，但用法却不尽相同。
★spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：★spend time／money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)。
如：--- I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。
spend time／money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。
如：--- They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。
★spend money for sth. 花钱买……。
如：--- His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。
cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法如下：★sth. costs (sb.)＋金钱，某物花了(某人)多少钱。
如：--- A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。
★(doing) sth. costs (sb.)＋时间，某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。
如：--- Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。
take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：★It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。
如：--- It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
★doing sth. takes sb. ＋时间，做某事花了某人多少时间。
如：--- Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。
pay的基本用法是：★pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。
如：--- I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。
★pay for sth. 付……的钱。
如：--- I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。
★pay for sb. 替某人付钱。
如：--- Don’t worry! I'll pay for you. 别担心，我会给你付钱的。
8. Is that a good place to hang out? 那是一个闲逛的好地方吗？★该句中，不定式to hang out 用作后置定语修饰名词短语a good place.如：--- Autumn is a wonderful season to climb mountains.秋天是爬山的好季节。
★hang out:（=hang about/hang around）to wait or stay near (a place) without purpose or activity 闲逛，闲荡--- Don’t hang out --- we have no time! 别逛了，我们没时间了。
9. It’s kind of small.它有点小。
★kind of: rather；in a certain way 有点儿，有几分如：--- I’m feeling kind of t ired. 我感到有点儿累了。