2017中考英语专题复习-副词【中考解读】【考点分布】1.副词的语法作用及分类2.副词的比较级3.副词的词义辨析【考点内容】掌握副词在句中充当的成分及副词比较级的变化规则，包括规则变化和不规则变化，掌握副词的词义辨析及具体用法【命题趋势】1.副词的比较级和最高级运用2.副词与动词的搭配使用3.对具体副词及疑问副词的辨析【副词定义】副词是用来说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其他形容词或副词程度的词。
第一讲副词的语法作用及分类一、副词的句法功能1.作状语副词作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或句子。
It’s raining heavily.天正下着大雨。
He speaks English well. 他英语说得非常好。
【德州1】I carried the bowl with both hands___, so that I wouldn’t break it.A. carefullyB. happilyC. quicklyD. carelessly【山西3】—Jack, I have to have a talk with your father today.—Sorry, Mrs King. He is going on business and won’t be ___ until next week.A. outB. awayC. back【盐城4】It was raining _______when my sister and I got to the museum.②修饰形容词I am quite busy now.③修饰其他副词Don’t drive too fast.别骑得太快。
④修饰介词短语，—Where is the book?书在哪儿? —Just on the desk.. 就在桌子上。
⑤修饰句子Luckily , I passed the final exam. 幸运的是，我通过了期末考试。
【注】修饰句子的副词，一般放在句首。
【湖北咸宁4】—As we know it’s difficult to live in a foreign country.—_______if you can’t understand the language there.A. ExactlyB. NaturallyC. UsuallyD. Especially2.作表语副词作表语主要指主语的方位、方向、动作或状态.如：in. out. on. back. down. up. off. away.upstairs等My father is out this morning, but he will be in this afternoonI'll be back in five minutes. 我五分钟后就回来。
3.作定语有些地点副词和时间副词可以作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。
The people there were very friendly.那儿的人很友好。
4.作宾语补足语副词可以作主语或宾语的补足语，说明主语或宾语的状态。
Mr. King was seen upstairs. 有人看见金先生在楼上。
（作主语补足语）Bring him in.把他带进来（作宾语补足语）【拓展1】一般副词的位置(1)通常放在被修饰的动词后面,如果动词有宾语，则要位于宾语之后（副修动后）【聊城2】It’s dark. I can’t see the words on the blackboard _______.A. carefullyB. clearlyC. silentlyD. patiently(2) 副词修饰形容词或副词时，通常放在形容词或副词的前面，（副修形前）只有enough例外，需要后置。
These flowers are quite beautiful. （在形容词前）这些花相当漂亮。
He works very hard. （在副词前）他工作很努力。
This girl is not old enough to go to school. 这个女孩还没有到上学的年龄。
副词用法：行为动词＋副词。
He writes __________. (careful)【威海2】To my surprise, my brother can speak English ______.A. livelyB. perfectlyC. badlyD. friendly【滨州】—Excuse me, would you please speak a little more ______?—Sorry, I thought you could follow me.A. sadlyB. quicklyC. politelyD. slowly【拓展2】高频考点：【高频考点1】enough 修饰adj./adv时，放其后。
绥化3】— How do you like the talk show?—I think it’s ________, but some people think it’s so________.A. wonderful enough; boredB. enough wonderful; boringC. wonderful enough; boring【高频考点2】常见的副词词组：how many/m uch多少howlong多长，多久how old 多大年纪howfar多远how often 每隔多久howsoon多久以后【练习见下面辨析讲解】二、副词的分类：根据副词的词义，副词可以分为以下几种：（1）.时间副词的位置及分类分类位置例词时间副词表示动作发生的时间，一般放在句尾now现在, then那时, today今天, tomorrow明天, yesterday昨天, before前面, ago……之前,soon很快，once曾经，以前, at first首先, at last最后, just now刚才, at once立刻，马上（2）地点副词的位置及分类分类位置例词地点副词表示地点或位置关系，一般放在句尾here这儿, there那儿, upstairs楼上, downstairs楼下, above上边, behind后边, everywhere每个地方, anywhere任何地方注意地点副词前省略介词（4）频度副词的位置及分类分类位置例词频度副词表示动作发生的频率。
用在行为动词之前或助动词、情态动词及be动词之后twice两次, daily天天，常常, weekly每周，每周一次, every day每天, every week每周, every month每月, always总是，经常, usually经常, often经常，常常, sometimes有时, ever曾经, never从来不注意提问用how often【温州4】—How often do you go skating?—_______. I can’t skate at all.A. AlwaysB. sometimesC. SeldomD. Never2、Sandy used to eat fast food. But now she _______ eats them. So she is becoming much healthier. A. usually B. often C.seldom D. always3、The wind is blowing so _________that they can __________ stay outside.A. hard; hardlyB. hard; hardC. hardly; hardlyD. hardly; hard（5）程度副词的位置及分类分类位置例词程度副词表示程度，用在形容词或副词前，情态动词或助动词之后。
quite相当, 完全，十分, rather相当，颇，有点, very非常, much许多, a lot许多, a little一点，一些, a bit少量, enough足够, hardly几乎不, almost大多数（6）疑问副词的位置及分类分类位置例词疑问副词用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。
通常置于句首疑问副词有when，where，why, how, how long, how soon, how often, how far等。
疑问副词常用来构成特殊疑问句。
（7）关系副词的位置及分类分类位置例词关系副词关系副词主要用来引导定语从句，放在句中关系副词有when, where, why, how等，关系副词常用来引导定语从句。
三、.其他常见副词however然而besides 此外instea d 然而exactly 准确地probably可能mostly 多半then 然后therefore因此四、.易混淆的形容词与副词hea vy 沉重的heavily沉重地stro ng 强大的strongly强大地easy 容易的容易地easilycare ful 仔细的，小心的carefully仔细地，小心地quic k 快的quickly快地sim ple 简单的simply简单地五、副词的构成（1）形容词—副词：形容词加-ly变副词beautiful—beautifully bright—brightly careful—carefully clear—clearly correct—correctly deep—deeply different—differently final—finally polite—politely usual—usually wide—widely slow—slowly recent—recently regular—regularly quick—quickly safe—safely（2）以y结尾的变y为i加-lyeasy—easily happy—happily heavy—heavily lucky—luckilyunlucky—unluckily noisy —noisily（）Elephants eat________，but they can move ________ when necessary.A．noisy; silent B．noisily; silently C．noisily; silence D．noisy; silence （3）以e结尾去e加-ypossible—possibly probable—probably simple—simply一、副词的比较级和最高级的构成：副词的比较级和最高级的构成与形容词的比较级、最高级的构成类似，有规划变化和不规则变化。