工程测量学中英文术语工程测量学中英文术语05.001工程测量engineering survey05.002测量学surveying05.003普通测量学elementary surveying05.004地形测量学topography05.005测量控制网surveying control network05.006平面控制网(又称“水平控制网”)horizontal control network 05.007高程控制网vertical control network05.008平面控制点horizontal control point05.009高程控制点vertical control point05.010平面坐标horizontal coordinate05.011控制测量control survey05.012地形测量topographic survey05.013三边网trilateration network05.014边角网triangulateration network05.015导线网traverse networt05.016三边测量trilateration survey05.017边角测量triangulateration05.018导线测量traverse survey05.019水平角horizontal angle05.020垂直角vertical angle05.021点之记description of station05.022测站station05.023测站归心station centring05.024照难点归心sighting centring05.025照准点sighting point05.026闭合导线closed traverse05.027附合导线connecting traverse05.028支导线open traverse05.029经纬仪导线theodolite traverse05.030视差导线subtense traverse05.031视距导线stadia traverse05.032平板仪导线plane—table traverse05.033距离测量distance measurement05.034电磁波测距electro—magnetic distance measurement 05.035标准检定场standard field of length05.036光电测距导线EDM traverse05.037小三角测量minor triangulation05.038线形锁linear triangulation chain05.039线形网linear triangulation network05.040图根控制mapping control05.041导线边traverse leg05.042导线折角traverse angle05.043导线结点junction point of traverses05.044导线曲折系数meandering coefficient of traverse05.045导线角度闭合差angle closing error of traverse05.046导线全长闭合差total length closing error of traverse05.047导线相对闭合差relative length closing error of traverse 05.048导线纵向误差longitudinal error of traverse05.049导线横向误差lateral error of traverse05.050控制点control point05.051导线点traverse point05.052图根点mapping control point05.053高程点elevation point05.054碎部点detail point05.055图解图根点graphic mapping control point05.056解析图根点analytic mapping control point05.057坐标增量increment of coordinate05.058坐标增量闭合差closing error in coordinate increment05.059前方交会[forward]intersection05.060侧方交会side intersection05.061后方交会resection05.062边角交会法linear－angular intersection05.063边交会法linear intersection05.064贝塞尔法Bessel method05.065莱曼法Lehmann method05.066横基尺视差法subtense method with horizontal staff05.067竖基尺视差法subtense method with vertical staff05.068复测法repetition method05.069高程控制测量vertical control survey05.070水难测量leveling05.071附合水准路线annexed leveling line05.072闭合水准路线closed leveling line05.073支水准路线spur leveling line05.074水准网leveling network05.075视线高程elevation of sight05.076多角高程导线polygonal height traverse05.077独立交会高程点elevation point by independent intersection 05.078高程导线height traverse05.079严密平差rigorous adjustment05.080近似平差approximate adjustment05.081典型图形平差adjustment of typical figures05.082等权代替法method of equal－weight substitution05.083多边形平差法adjustment by method of polygon05.084结点平差adjustment by method of junction point05.085工程控制网engineering control network05.086施工控制网construction control network05.087三维网three一dimensional network05.088变形观测控制网control network for deformation observation 05.089勘测设计阶段测量survey in teconnaissance and design stage 05.090施工测量construction survey05.091竣工测量finish construction survey05.092纵断面测量profile survey05.093横断面测量cross－section surveyo5.094纵断面图profile [diagram]05.095横断面图cross－section profile05.096碎部测量detail survey05.097平板仪测量plane－table survey05.098经纬仪测绘法mapping method with transit05.099大比例尺地形图large scale topographical map05.100小比例尺地形图small scale topographical map05.101直角坐标网rectangular gnid05.102矩形分幅rectangular map—subdivision05.103正方形分幅square map—subdivision05.104斜距slope distance05.105平距horizontal distance05.106地形底图base map of topography05.107任意轴子午线arbitrary axis meridian05.108假定坐标系assumed coordinate system05.109独立坐标系independent coordinate system05.110变形观测deformation observation05.111位移观测displacement observation05.112沉降观测settlement observation05.113挠度观测deflection observation05.114倾斜观测oblique observation, tilt observation05.115地质测量geological survey05.116勘探网测设prospecting network layout05.117勘探线测量prospecting line survey05.118勘探网测量prospecting network survey05.119勘探基线prospecting baseline05.120地质点测量geological point survey05.121井口位置点point for shaft position05.122钻孔位置测量bore—hole position survey05.123地质剖面测量geological profile survey05.124断层位移测量fault displacement survey05.125区域地质测量regional geological survey05.126井探工程测量shaft prospecting engineering survey05.127坑探工程测量adit prospecting engineering survey05.128勘探线剖面图prospecting line profile map05.129坑道平面图adit planimetric map05.130地质剖面图geological section map05.131矿产图map of mineral deposits05.132地质略图geological scheme05.133野外地质图tield geological map05.134地质草图geological sketch map05.135影象地质图geological photomap05.136像片地质判读(又称“像片地质解译”)geological interpretation of photograph05.137区域地质图regional geological map05.138测区名称title of survey area05.139测区代号code of survey area05.140测区范围coverage of survey area05.141地应力测量geostress survey05.142输油管道测量petroleum pipeline survey05.143地下油库测量underground oil depot survey05.144石油勘探测量petroleum exploration survey05.145矿山测量学mine surveying05.146矿山测量mine survey05.147矿山地面测量mine surface survey05.148矿区控制测量control survey of mining area05.149矿区控制网精度估算precision estimation for control network of mining area05.150矿区控制网设计control network design of mining area05.151生产矿井测量production mine survey production shaft survey 05.152联系测量connection survey05.153立井定向测量shaft orientation survey05.154几何定向geometric orientation05.155物理定向physical orientation05.156定向连接点connection point for orientation，connection point 05.157定向投影orientation projection05.158吊锤投影projection by suspended plumbing05.159激光投点laser plumbing05.160稳定锤投影damping一bob for shaft plumbing05.161摆动锤投影pendulous－bob for shaft plumbing05.162定向连接测量(简称“连接测量”)orientation connection survey 05.163瞄直法sighting line method05.164联系三角形法connection triangle method05.165直伸三角形(又称“延伸三角形”)straight triangle05.166联系四边形法connection quadrangle method05.167定向误差orientation error05.168陀螺定向测量gyrostatic orientation survey05.169粗略定向rough orientation05.170精密定向precise orientation05.171逆转点法reversal points method05.172悬挂带零位观测tape zero observation05.173陀螺方位角排gyro azimuth05.174陀螺仪子午线gyro meridian05.175陀螺定向误差gyro orientation error05.176导入高程测量induction height survey05.177通过立井导入高程测量induction height survey through shaft 05.178井下测量(又称“矿井测量”)underground survey05.179井下水平控制测量underground horizontal control survey05.180井下交叉闭合导线underground closed traverse with overhead crossing05.181陀螺定向光电测距导线gyro EDM traverse05.182方向附合导线direction－annexed traverse05.183顶板测点roof station05.184底板测点floor station05.185井下高程测量underground height mersurement05.186点下对中centring under point05.187采区测量mining panel survey05.188采区联系测量connection survey in mining panel05.189巷道碎部测量detail survey of workings05.190采场测量stop survey05.191井下空硐测量underground cavity survey05.192露天矿测量opencast survey05.193采掘场验收测量check－acceptance survey of open pit05.194技术境界标定setting－out of technical edge05.195露天矿爆破工作测量blasting survey of open pit05.196垦复测量reclamation survey05.197矿场标定setting一out of mining yard05.198井筒中心标定setting一out of shaft center05.199井筒十字中线标定setting—out of cross line through shaft center 05.200普通凿井法施工测量construction survey for conventional shaft sinking method05.201边垂线标定setting－out of side plumb—bob05.202竖井激光指向laser guide of vertical shaft05.203井筒延伸测量shaft－deepening survey05.204特殊凿井法施工测量construction survey for special method of shaft sinking05.205冻结法施工测量construction survey for freezing method of shaft sinking05.206冻结壁交圈图closure plan of ice wall05.207钻井法施工测量construction survey for shaft drilling05.208沉井法施工测量construction survey for deep shaft sinking05.209矿井提升设备安装测量survey for shaft winding plant installation 05.210巷道中线标定setting—out of center line of workings05.211巷道坡度线标定setting－out of workings slope05.212激光导向仪给向setting－out of driving workings direction by laser guideinstrument05.213交叉点放样(又称“颁岔放样”)setting－out of junction05.214巷道验收丈量footage measurement of workings05.215贯通测量holing through survey，breakthrough survey05.216矿床几何［学］mineral deposits geometry05.217矿体几何制图geometrisation of ore body05.218矿产性质几何制图geometrisation of mineral property05.219井下勘探测量underground prospecting survey05.220矿层要素测定determination of seam elements05.221储量管理reserve management05.222开采沉陷观测mining subsidence observation05.223开采沉陷预计prediction of mining subsidence05.224地表移动观测站observation station of surface movement05.225移动角angle of critical deformation05.226边界角boundary angle，limit angle05.227边坡稳定性观测observation of slope stability05.228矿山测量图mining map05.229井田区域地形图topographic map of mining area05.230矿场平面图mining yard plan05.231井底车场平面图shaft bottom plan05.232采掘工程平面图mining engineering plan05.233主要巷道平面图main workings plan05.234井上下对照图surface－underground contrast plan05.235露天矿矿图opencast mining plan05.236采剥工程断面图striping and mining engineering profile05.237采剥工程综合平面图synthetic plan of striping and mining05.238排土场平面图waste dump plan05.239防排水系统图water－proof and drainage system plan05.240矿山测量交换图exchanging documents of mining survey05.241矿层顶板等高线图contour map of seam roof05.242矿层底板等高线图contour map of seam floor05.243地表移动曲线图curve diagram of surface movement05.244开采沉陷图map of mining subsidence05.245城市测量urban survey05.246城市控制测量urban control survey05.247城市地形测量urban topographic survey05.248城市规划测量urban planning survey05.249市政工程测量public works survey05.250建筑工程测量building works survey05.251公用事业工程测量utility survey05.252放样测量setting—out survey05.253定线测量alignment survey05.254管道测量pipe survey05.255地下铁道测量subway survey, underground railway survey 05.256选厂测量surveying for site selection05.257工厂现状图测量survey of present state at industrial site 05.258飞机场测量airport survey05.259机场跑道测量airfield runway survey05.260施工方格网square control network05.261方格网点point of square control network05.262主轴线测设setting－out of main axis05.263建筑轴线测量building axis survey05.264建筑红线测量property line survey05.265建筑物沉降观测building subsidence observation05.266激光准直laser alignment05.267光学准直optical alignment05.268地下管线测量underground pipeline survey05.269顶管测量underground pipe－driving survey05.270城市地形图topographic map of urban area05.271带状平面图plan of a zone05.272管道综合图synthesis chart of pipelines05.273地形图更新revision of topographic map05.274城市测量数据库data base for urban survey05.275水利工程测量hydrographic engineering survey05.276微三角形法exiguous triangle method05.277校核基点checking datum mark05.278起测基点starting datum mark05.279引张线法method of tension wire alignment05.280视准线法collimation line method05.281激光准直法method of laser alignment05.282小角度法minor angle method05.283正锤线观测(简称“正锤法”)direct plummet observation05.284倒锤线观测(简称“倒锤法”)inverse plummet observation 05.285水库测量reservoir survey05.286坝址勘查dam site investigation05.287堤坝施工测量dam construction survey05.288库容测量reservoir storage survey05.289水库淹没线测设setting—out of reservoir flooded line05.290永久界柱monumented boundary peg05.291临时界桩nonmonumented boundary peg05.292汇水面积测量catchment area survey05.293渠道测量canal survey05.294港口工程测量harbor engineering survey05.295水系图drainage map05.296道路工程测量road engineering survey05.297铁路工程测量railroad engineering survey05.298勘测reconnaissance survey05.299草测sketch survey，rough survey05.300初测preliminary survey05.301定测location survey05.302线路平面图route plan05.303平面曲线测设plane curve location05.304竖曲线测设vertical curve location05.305圆曲线测设circular curve location05.306缓和曲线测设spiral curve location，transition curve location 05.307回头曲线测设hair－pin curve location05.308线路中线测量center line survey, location of route05.309偏角法method of deflection angle05.310切线支距法tangent off—set method05.311弦线支距法chord off－set method05.312弦线偏距法method of chord deflection distance05.313面水准测量area leveling05.314路线水准测量route leveling05.315中桩水准测量(又称“纵断面水准测量”)profile leveling05.316坡度测设grade location05.317边坡桩测设slope stake location05.318既有线站场测量survey of existing station yard survey05.319道岔测量turnout survey05.320施工详图construction details05.321施工平面图construction plan05.322桥梁测量bridge survey05.323隧道测量tunnel survey05.324桥梁控制测量bridge construction control survey05.325桥梁轴线测设bridge axis location05.326桥墩定位location of pier05.327桥涵洞测量bridge－culvert survey05.328林业测量forest survey05.329林业基本图forest basic map05.330林相图stock map，type map05.331森林分布图forest distribution map05.332林班测量compartment survey05.333罗盘仪测量compass survey05.334磁偏角magnetic declination05.335磁倾角magnetic dip05.336磁子午线magnetic meridian05.337真子午线true meridian05.338磁方位角magnetic azimuth05.339磁象限角magnetic bearings05.340乡村规划测量rural planning survey05.341平整土地测量survey for land smoothing，survey for land consolidation05.342土地规划测量land planning survey05.343河道整治测量river improvement survey05.344灌溉泵站测量irrigation pumping station survey05.345求积仪法planimeter method05.346方格法square method05.347网点板法grid－point method05.348图解法graphical method05.349灌区平面布置图irrigation layout plan05.350地籍cadastre05.351地籍测量cadastral survey05.352地籍测量系统cadastral survey system05.353地籍图cadastral map05.354地籍册cadastral lists05.355地籍簿land register05.356地籍管理cadastral management05.357地籍测量细则cadastral survey manual05.358地籍图册cadastral map series05.359征税地籍tax cadastre05.360多用途地籍multipurpose cadastre05.361航测地籍photogrammetric cadastre05.362数值地籍numerical cadastre05.363坐标地籍coordinate cadastre05.364房地产地籍real estates cadastre05.365地籍修测cadastral revision05.366地籍更新renewal of the cadastre05.367地籍调查cadastral inventory05.368土地整理land consolidation05.369土地划分subdivision of land05.370土地评价land evaluation05.371土地登记land registration05.372土地统计statistics of land record05.373土地档案land archives05.374土地证certificate of land05.375土地利用land use05.376土地利用现状图present land－use map05.377地界测量land boundary survey05.378地产界测量property boundary survey05.379自然边界测量natural boundary survey05.380地类界图land boundary map05.381标界测量survey for marking of boundary05.382地块测量parcel survey05.383界址点boundary mark，boundary point05.384地块数据库data base of parcel05.385军事工程测量military engineering survey05.386军用大比例尺测图military large scale mapping05.387净空区测量clearance limit survey05.388导航台定位测量navigation station location survey05.389军用道路测量military road survey05.390军用桥梁测量military bridge survey05.391军用坑道测量military tunnel survey05.392飞机洞库测量plane hole survey05.393航艇洞库测量shipˊs hole survey05.394营房建筑测量quarter building survey05.395导弹试验场工程测量engineering survey of missile test site 05.396导弹定向测量missile orientation survey05.397靶道工程测量target road engineering survey05.398军事基地测量military base survey05.399军事工程变形观测deformation observation of military project 05.400精密工程测量precise engineering survey05.401精密工程控制网precise engineering control network05.402精密测距precise ranging05.403精密准直precise alignment05.404精密垂准precise plumbing05.405环形控制网ring control network05.406粒子加速器测量particle accelerator survey05.407精密机械安装测量precise mechanism installation survey 05.408地震台精密测量precise survey at seismic station。