写作211同义词重点替换词全集 国内考生常用的表达 更得分的表达方式 名词
1 things that one tries hard to do one's undertakings / one's commitments 2 The fact is that... The reality is that... 3 joy happiness / delight / enjoyment 4 sadness sorrow / grief
5 danger hazard / peril (后面这个词语气很强，危险程度非同一般）[派生 ] dangerous; hazardous
6 education schooling (指学校教育家庭教育则用upbringing / parenting) [区分]家庭教育的两个词upbringing和 parenting的区别在于：upbringing是从孩子的角度说的， 比如children's upbringing；而parenting是从家长的角度 来说，比如 sensible parenting.
7 advertisement/ advertising 如果你写过关于广告的题目，就一定体会过不停轮换使用 advertisement/ advertising有多郁闷。其实主体段论证中 宪全可以把广告种类细化，比如commercials (电视或者 互联网上的广告）,flyers (传单广告,北京最常见的形式 “135 * * * * ,办证”），billboards (大幅的广告牌）或 non-profit advertisements = public-interest advertisements (公益广告） 8 car automobile
9 economic crisis economic meltdown (很接近)/ recession (这个一般仅仅还是衰退)/ the Great Depression (这个则是特指 1929年开始的那次了)
10 famous people celebrities (单数为 celebrity) 11 human beings (被考生使用过多） humanity (注意这个词的单数指人类，复数指人文学科) / the human race 12 wealth fortune(s) (fortune作财富的意思时可以加复数） 13 [相关]rich wealthy / affluent (adj.)
14 skill technique (注意这个词的正确解释是技能或者方法， 而不是technology科技) 15 [派生]skilled adept / adroit (adj.)
16 method methodology (国外学术写作中超级常用的词，基本就是 method的故作高深版） 17 field sphere / domain / arena 18 understanding of grasp of / command of 19 choice option 20 cooperation collaboration
21 basic structure in a city or a country infrastructure 22 tiredness for a long time fatigue 23 is a must for is a prerequisite for (是……的必备先决条件）
24 the Internet the information highway (一篇考生作文里 Internet 被 使用十几次是常事儿） 25 honesty integrity 26 strong belief faith (in) 27 aim intention 28 worries anxieties (是的，这两个词的确都可以加复数） 29 influence impact / repercussion / implication
30 influence on each other mutual influence (类似的表达还有 mutual respect, mutual trust 和 mutual understanding / interaction between A and B / interplay between A and B 31 many different kinds of a variety of... / a wide array of... / a wide range of... 32 wrong ideas held by many people misconceptions 33 fame prestige / sterling reputation 34 range spectrum 35 sense recognition
36 art component (这个词不仅指零件，在学术写作中也经常指 "部分“） 37 wise [相关]sensible (adj.) 38 gap disparity
39 a system for a particular purpose a mechanism for...
40 a solution to sth. a remedy for sth.(生活中经常指一种病的治疗方法，但学术写作中经常用来指某种问题旳解决办法，注意搭配的介词不同） 41 bad students unruly students / disruptive students 42 bad behavior unethical behavior / immoral behavior
43 organizations that help poor people charities / charitable organizations 44 difference distinction 45 [派生]be different from be distinct from (adj.) 46 person individual 47 personality disposition 48 businesses enterprises (这里指企业） 49 prices that are too high exorbitant prices
50 the rate of... the incidence of…（后面一般跟坏事儿，比如unemployment/ crime / a disease) 51 intense enthusiasm zeal / passion 52 cultural globalization (有 过多人使用这个词） global cultural homogenization 53 a thing that is necessary a necessity 54 a thing that is new and interesting a novelty 55 a thing that is rare a rarity 56 things that people are not sure about uncertainties 57 a world language a universal language 58 friends companions 59 relaxation recreation 60 self-respect self-esteem and dignity 61 respect sb. / sth. hold sb. /sth. in high regard 62 [反义] look down on... treat... with contempt = despise (\/.) 63 self-control self-discipline 64 criminal convict 65 prisoner inmate 66 drinks =alcoholic beverages
67 people who walk on the street pedestrians 68 old generations in history ancestors 69 a person who benefits from sth. a beneficiary of sth. 70 a disease that spreads quickly an epidemic (注意这个词虽然是-ic结尾，却不是形容 词） 71 a very unpleasant way of life misery 72 a task that requires lots of effort an arduous task 73 emotion sentiment 74 enemy opponent / foe 75 narrow minds insular minds (狭隘的头脑或者观念） 76 a way to do sth. a approach to doing sth. / an avenue towards sth. 77 hobby pastime / diversion
78 progress progression (经常指抽象的进步，比如写关于society/ career/technology 的话题） 79 failure setback (注意作名词的时候中间不要加空格）
80 importance significance (当你用 了一次 importance 之后，第二次不妨用这个） 81 duty obligation (用于比较重要的责任） 82 difficulty hindrance / impediment / hurdles
83 pressure from your class-mates peer pressure
84 citizens who can work labor force / workforce (都是总体概念，而且注意后面这个词的标准写法中间没有空格）
85 problems or diseases | that exist for a long time persistent problems / chronic diseases
86 a life without regular exercise a sedentary lifestyle 87 result consequence (表示消极的结果更多一些） 88 thoughts considerations