2019年陕西省高考英语模拟试题（一）（考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AIt ' s time for our annual 100+word ——story Con test aga in. Howdo we pick out the winn ers? Read our final choices last year below. After reading these. head over to Facebook and submit your own story to Reader ' s Digest.1. WINNER: $1000 Lynne Momple South AfricaMavis took one end and I the other and together we carefully moved the old bed through the bedroom door and the open balcony doors . We lifted it over the balustrade（扶手）into the hands of family members waiting below. Carrying it under the low Albizia branches, then past the loses, they gen tly put it dow n in the middle of the freshly mown law n.Cha ntelle carried out the cott on sheets , the embroidered pillows, and fin ally themulti-coloured bla nket her great-gra ndmother had kni tted for me.Toni ght. on her 90th birthday. my mother wants to sleep out un der the stars.WHAT THE JUDGES SAID:“ We thought this story had a strong visual impact t hanks to the rich select ion of words. It is a deserv ing winner. ”2. RUNNER-UP: $250 Ritu Hem nani Ho ng KongCope and Meera played together every day. ” Race you to the garden !” Meera won. “I ' m onestep ahead!'Cope chased Meera around the trees. Then she wept “We re moving away.” Cope' s heart broke. I will write to you. ”For years they remembered. The n life pulled them apart. Yet n either one forgot.“ It ' s time for you to marry. ” Cope' s father said one day. “ I have chosen a girt. ”“ I hope she ' s sweet，” Cope prayed.Later , he lifted her veil（面纱）.“Meera, it ' s you! ”'I guess I ' m still one step ahead!”Meera smiled.WHAT THE JUDGES SAID:“This entry tells a complete story. It conveys a rich tenderness and intimacy thathas a last ingimpact on the reader. ”21. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To display some funny stories.B. To en courage readers to con tribute. 'C. To advertise two awarded stories.D. To promote a story-telli ng con test22. In the opinion of the judges, the first story has a strong visual impact because of __________________ .A. variety in wordB. creativity in styleC. humour in Ian guageD. flexibility in expressi on23. What is the seco nd story about?A. It is a funny joke.B. It is a fairy tale.C. It is a classic comedy.D. It is a roma ntic story.BThe deadliest mass shoot ing committed by an in dividual in the us left 58 people deadand hundreds wounded at a country music festival in Las Vegas on October 1 . Smith was at the fe stival to celebrate his brother ' s 43 rd birthday . Whe n the gun shots started , Smith initially thought they were fireworks . Soon he got separated from his family . As he turnedback toward the stage to look for them , he saw people crowd behind a car at the northwestedge of the con cert law n . Others were so frighte ned that they did n ' t know what to do. “ Active shooter , active shooter , let ' s go! We have to run .” he repeatedly shouted . He grasped people and told them to follow him toward a park ing area in the direct ion of the airport away from Las Vegas AvenueA few girls weren ' t fully hidden The copy machine repairman from Orange County , California , stood up and moved toward them to urge them to get on the ground . That' s whena bullet（子弹）struck him in the neck .Smith believes an off-duty San Diego police officer saved his life . The officer came over and tried to stop the bleeding and then sig naled passing cars to try to get Smith a ride . By the time Smith got into a vehicle , he was struggling to breathe . Surgeons foundit too risky to remove the bullet from his neck . Smith may have to live with it for therest of his life .His courageous actions helped his photos go viral on Twitter and Reddit . A photo of Smith has been shared more than 74, 000 times , with 177, 000 “likes ”."l don' t see myself that way,” he said I would want some one to do the same for me No one deserves to lose a life coming to a country festival . ”24 . Why did Smith go to the music festival?A . To enjoy fireworks .B . To gather with his family .C . To meet his favourite sin gers .D . To celebrate his brother ' s birthday .25 . How did Smith save the people beh ind a car?A . By directi ng them to the airport .B . By blocki ng bullets with his body .C . By tak ing them to a safe park ing lot .D. By press ing them to lie on the gro und26 . The surgeons didn ' t remove the bullet in Smith ' s neck in order to ____________A . 1et it fall out n aturallyB . avoid doing harm to himC . make it stop the bleedi ngD . use it as a remin der of safety27 . What do Twitter and Reddit users thi nk of Smith?A . He is a heroic figure .B . He is a modest pers onC . He is an Internet addict .D . He is an ambitious dreamer .cells, The world ' s most complex biological computer, made from a group of engineered could oneday be impla nted into the body to detect diseases and deliver treatme nts.In an early research in 2012, Martin Fussenegger at ETH Zurish in Switzerland and hiscolleagues engin eered two kid ney cells to become a biological circuit capable of simple mathematics. One of the cells was able to calculate additi on: the prese nee or abse nee of each of two chemicals would switch on a reactio n in side the cell that would make it shine differe nt colours. The other cell worked in the same way but could subtract amoun ts. This kind of biological circuit resembles a simple logic circuit in a computer. In theory, it could be used to indicate t he presenee of an infectious substanee while in fact it failed.Most biological reactions in the body aren ' t that simple, though. They rarely relyon “ one in put and one output ”- in stead, multiple in puts lead to differe nt outputs. Forinstanee, a high level of calcium in the body in the presence of a specific hormone may suggest one disease, but a high level of calcium along with another hormone might indicate a completely differe nt con diti on.To be more practical, biological computers n eed to be able to perform more complexmathematics. However, it is hard to pack multiple calculations into a single cell. To get around this, Fusse negger and his team have engin eered a multicellular system, in which different cells each perform a separate calculation and pass on the results to each other.The system has nine cells, each containing a biochemical react ion that resp onds to three chemical in puts —similar to an AND, NOTand ORsystem in a traditi onal electro nic circuit. These cells coord in ate their activities by releas ing chemicals that pass from one cell to the other. Together, they form a fully biological circuit that can resp ond to multiple in puts.“ Although it is not at a stage yet where we can test on ani mals, we believe it is themost complex biological computer ever assembled, ” says Fussenegger. “This work addresses one of the major limitations in synthetic biology （合成生物学）—a lack of programmable devices, ” says a ngel Goni-Moreno, a synthetic biologist at Newcastle University, UK. Hesays that Fussenegger ' s multicellular approach enables you to programme the circuit and achieve differe nt calculati ons just by connecting the nine cells in differe nt configurations （设置）.In the future, a biological computer like this could be used to monitor more complexmedical conditions. For example, it could respond to a rise in calcium, a drop in a hormone and an in crease in a biomarker, which together would sig nal the prese nee of a specific type of cancer, help diagnose it and alert the user to seek appropriate treatment.28. The underlined word “subtract ” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________ .A. add upB. take awayC. split upD. give away29. What was the progress made in Fussenegger ' s early research?A. A biological circuit was implanted in one of kidney cells.B. The in dicati on of in fectious substa nces became a reality.C. Engin eered kid ney cells could switch on biological react ions.D. Certa in cells were made capable of perform ing mathematics.30. What has made Fussenegger ' s current multicellular system so special?A. It has all the functions of a traditi onal electr onic circuit.B. It is programmable and able to perform differe nt mathematics.C. It has successfully packed multiple calculati ons into a sin gle cell.D. It has been tested through a series of experiments on animals.31. What is the best title for the passage?A. Smart cells in dicat ing various cancersB. Electr onic circuit made from multi-cellsC. Programmable cells impla nted in huma n bodiesD. Biological computer made from huma n cellsD“Two centuries ago, Lewis and Clark left St. Louis to explore the new lands acquiredin the Louisiana Purcha se, ” George W. Bush said, announcing his desire for a program tosend men and women to Mars. They made that journey in the spirit of discovery. Americahas ven tured forth into space for the same reasons. ”Yet there are vital differences between Lewis and Clark ' s expedition and a Mars mission. First, they were headed to a place where hundreds of thousands of people were already living.Second, they were certain to discover places and things of immediate value to the new nation.Third, their venture cost next to nothing by today ' s standards. A Mars mission may bethe sin gle most expe nsive non-wartime un dertak ing in U.S. history.Appealing as the thought of travel to Mars is, it does not mean the journey makes sense, even considering the human calling to explore. And Mars as a destination for people makes absolutely no sense with curre nt tech no logy.Present systems for getting from Earth ' s surface to low -Earth orbit are so fantastically expensive that merely launching the 1,000 tons or so of spacecraft and equipme nt a Mars missio n would require could be accomplished only by cutt ing health-care ben efits, educati on spe nding, or other importa nt programs — or by rais ing taxes. Abse ntsome remarkable discovery, astr on auts, geologists, and biologists once on Mars could do little more t han analyze rocks and feel awestruck（敬畏的）staring into the sky of anotherworld. Yet rocks can be an alyzed by automated probes without risk to huma n life, and ata tiny fraction of the cost of sending people.It is in teresti ng to note that whe n Preside nt Bush un veiled his proposal, he listedthese recent major achievements of space exploration pictures of evidenee of water on Mars, discovery of more than 100 planets outside our solar system, and study of the soil of Mars. All these accomplish ments came from automated probes or automated space telescopes. Bush' s proposal, which calls for reprogramming someof NASA s present budget into the Mars effort, might actually lead to a reducti on in such unmanned scie nee —the one aspect of space explorati on that ' s working really well.Rather than spend hundreds of billions of dollars to hurl tons toward Mars using currenttech no logy, why not take a decade or two or however much time is required researchi ng new launch systems and advaneed propulsion （推进力）? lf new launch systems could put weight into orbit affordably, and adva need propulsi on could speed up that long, slow tran sit to Mars, the dream of stepp ing onto the red pla net might become reality. Mars will still be there whe n the tech no logy is ready.32. What do Lewis and Clark ' s expediti on and a Mars missi on have in com mon?A. In sta nt value.B. Huma n in habita nee.C. Ven ture cost.D. Explori ng spirit.33. Bush' s proposal is challenged for the following reasons except thatA. its expe nditure is too huge for the gover nment to afford.B. American people ' s well -being will suffer a lot if it is implementedC. great achieveme nts have already bee n made in Mars explorati on in AmericaD. unmanned Mars explorati on sounds more practical and econo mical for the mome nt34. Which cannot be con cluded from the passage?A. Going to Mars using curre nt tech no logy is quite un realistic.B. A Mars mission will in turn promote the development of unmanned program.C. Bush ' s proposal is based on thre e recent great achievements of space explorationD. The achievements in space exploration show how well unmannedscienee has developed.35. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Risky as it is, a Mars missi on helps to retain Americas positi on as a tech no logical leader.B. A Mars mission is so costly that it may lead to an economic disaster in America.C. Someday people may go to Mars but not un til it makes tech no logical sen se.D. A Mars mission is unnecessary since the scientists once there won ' t mak e great discoveries.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。