1. Many who today hear me somewhere in person , or on television , or those who read something I've said , will think I went to schoolfar beyond the eighth grade.结构分析：本句的主要结构是 may...or those...will think...。
第一个 who 引导定语从句，修饰 many 。
第二个 who 引导定语从句，修饰those。
I've said 是定语从句，修饰 something。
I went to school far beyond the eighth grade 是宾语从句。
参考翻译：今天，许多当面或在电视上听到我讲话的人，或那些读过我的讲演稿的人会认为我的学历远远不止八年级。
2. My love for the alphabet , which endures , grew out of reciting it , but before that , out of seeing the letters on the page.结构分析： which endures 是非限定性定语从句，修饰 love for the alphabet 。
out of reciting it 和 out of seeing the letters on the page是并列的两个状语，修饰主句的谓语动词 grew。
before that 是介词短语作状语。
it 代替的是 alphabet，that 代替的是 reciting it。
参考翻译：我对字母表经久不减的喜爱来自于背诵它，但在那之前，则来自于看书页上的字母。
1. A body at will remain at rest and a body in motian remnins in motian at a constant speed in a straight line, unless acted upon by an external force.结构分析：这是一个并列复合句。
and 连接两个句子，构成并列句。
unless 是连词，连接一个省略了 it is 的子句“（ it is ) acted on...force ", 作前面两个主句的状语从句。
at rest 和 in motion 是两个介词短语，分别作两个 body 的定语，意思分别是”处于静止状态中“和“处于运动中“。
翻译易采用逆序法，即先译 unless 从句，省略部分可以不译。
参考翻译：除非受到外力的作用，静止的物体将继续保持静止，运动的物体将继续作匀速直线运动。
2. But a committee faced with a major decision can't always move as quickly as the events it's trying to respond to.结构分析：句子虽然很短却是主从复合句。
句子的主句是 a committee can't move as quickly as the evevts。
句中 faced with...是过去分词短语作定语，修饰 committee。
在 as quickly as 中，第二个 as 是连词，后面省略了谓语。
it's trying to respond 是省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰 events；it 指代 committee。
faced with a major decision 在意义上表示时间，翻译时可把它译成时间状语。
参考翻译：委员会在面临重大决策时，未必总是能对迅速变化的事件作出及时的反应。
1. A book may be compared to your neighbour; if it be good, it can not last too long; if bad, you can not get rid of it too early.单词词组： be compared to ...被比作...，联想记忆：be compared with : 与...比较；get rid of 去除。
结构分析：在这个句子中，两个分号将句子分成了三个部分，后两部分出现了与上句相同的not + but ,即双重否定结构；第一个if从句省略了should，完整形式是if it ( should ) be good, 其中的it指代前面的book，第二个if从句的完整形式是if （it should be ）bad, it 也是指代book。
参考译文：一本书可以比作邻居：如果是好的，结识愈久愈好；如果是坏的，分手愈早愈好。
2. We can not pick even an ordinary book, a magazine, or a newspaper without finding in it references to the Bible and quotations from its pages.单词词组：ordinary普通的，平凡的；reference参考，参照；Bible圣经；quotation引用，语录。
结构分析：这个句子中的not+but构成双重否定；主语是we，谓语是can not pick，宾语是并列的名词短语an ordinary book...or a newspaper, 介词短语without....quotations from its pages 是条件状语，该壮语中references and quotations 是finding的宾语，in it 是地点状语，其中it指代前面句子的宾语，介词短语to the Bible和from its pages 分别作references和quotation的定语。
参考译文：我们哪怕是拿起一本普通的书，一本杂志，或一份报纸，都会发现有提到圣经或引用它的字句的地方。
1. It is not my belief that you can make something out of nothing.单词词组：make something out of nothing 凭空取得成功结构分析：大家别看这个句子很短，这是个否定结构。
大家需要注意一点：以belief / thought 等为代表的表示观点看法类的名词，用于it is not my ...that ...结构时，常发生否定转移，即将否定词转移到从句中，修饰从句的谓语动词。
参考译文：我相信你不能凭空就会取得成功。
2. Spiders are not insects as many people imagine.单词词组：spider蜘蛛；insect昆虫；imagine想象，认为结构分析：Spiders are not insects 是句子的主干。
as引导了一个比较状语从句，这里需要注意的是as引导的比较状语从句用于否定句，并且整体位置在not的后面，则会发生否定转移，译成汉语可以理解为“不像......”参考译文：蜘蛛不像人们想象中的那样，它们不是昆虫。
1. Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.单词词组：philosopher哲学家；argue：主张，认为；contract合同，契约；exchange交换；entitlement利益，权利结构分析：Some philosophers是主语，argue是谓语动词，that引导名词性从句作宾语，即宾语从句；在that宾语从句中，主语是rights，谓语是exist，介词短语only within......和as part of .....分别是动词exist的范围状语和方式状语。
参考译文：有些哲学家认为：权利只存在于社会契约中，是责任与权利交换双方中的一方。
2. The young couple was worried because neither of them was aware of where they had lost the necklace.单词词组：couple夫妇；be aware of 意识到，知道；necklace项链结构分析： The young couple worried // because neither of them was aware of where they had lost the necklace, 在这个句子中，主干是双斜线前边的第一段的主谓结构，主语是the young couple,谓语是was worried，because引导了一个原因状语从句，在从句中， neither of them作主语，was aware of 是谓语部分，where they had lost the necklace 是where引导的名词性从句作介词of的宾语，即宾语从句。
参考翻译：这对年轻夫妇很焦虑，因为他们两个都不知道把项链丢到哪里了。
1. Banking on the confusion between educational and vocational reasons for bringing computers into schools, computered advocates often emphasize the job prospects of graduates over the their educational achievement.单词词组：bank on 相当于be based on 基于，以...为基础；the confusion between A and B把A和B混淆；computered advocates电脑教育倡导者；emphasize A over B强调A 胜过B；prosepect前途，前景；educational ahievement 学业成绩。
结构分析：这个句子可以拆分为： Banking on the confusion (between educational and vocational reasons ) (for bringing computers into schools), computered advocates often emphasize the job prospects of graduates over the their educational achievement. 这个句子的主干是Banking on ....., ......advocates often emphasize A over B; Banking on是现在分词短语作原因状语，表示谓语动词emphasize发生的原因；第一个括号中的介词短语between...作其前面confusion的后置定语，第二个括号中的介词短语for...又作其前面reasons的后置定语。