Part II CLOZE TEST (15 minutes, 15 points)Directions：For each blank in the following passage, choose the best answer from the four choices given below. Mark the corresponding letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.I am still recovering from a daunting challenge: to speak about “popular sciences writing” to a conference of literary theorists. This has led me to ask just what such science writing is about. The great immunologist (and the science writer) Peter Medawar 21 analyzed what he called the “fraudulent” 22 of scientific research papers. He showed how they 23 the messy reality of doing research by a 24 as rigid in form as a sonnet, with 25 use of the passive voice, and formal division 26 Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion, 27 denying the accident, failure and serendipity which characterizes most lab work.That’s 28 sometimes science fiction does it better. The more I think about the nature of popular science writing, the more I become 29 that, despite the best of 30, it too is somewhat of a fraud.So what was responsible for the boom in popular science books? Go back to the 1960s and early 1970s and you will find the books people wanted to read were about sociology, politics, Marxism, feminism, revolution in general. The mood was that 31 we understood society, we could change the world. When chose hopes 32 out in the gloomier 1980s, it seemed the world could not be changed so 33. And if it couldn’t perhaps the natural sciences, 34 the new biology, could explain why. Books on genetics and evolution 35 the old bestsellers.21. A. just B. later C. once D then22. A. repute B. nature C. quality D content23. A. exposed B. substituted C. reproduced D disguised24. A. style B. manner C. stand D mode25. A. faithful B. successful C. tasteful D careful26. A. for B. into C. with D over27. A. thereby B. without C. despite D wherein28. A. whether B. where C. when D why29. A. enlightened B. acknowledged C. convinced D realized30. A. attempts B. intentions C. promotions D endeavors31. A. because B. before C. though D if32. A. boomed B. lingered C. waned D loomed33. A. willingly B. easily C. natured D radically34. A. above all B. in all C. after all D for all35. A. outnumbered B. cornered C. replace D dominatedPart III READING COMPREHENSIONSection A (60 minutes 30 points)Directions: Below each of the following passage you will find some questions or incomplete statements. Each question or statement is followed by four choice marked A, B C and D. Read each passage carefully, and then select the choice that best answers the question or complete the statement. Mark the letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Passage OneIt is a common error to imagine that a barking dog is threatening you. He may be making a loud noise that appears to be aimed directly at you, but this is misleading. For the bark is a canine "alert call" and is meant for other members of the pack, including the human pack to which he belongs.In the wild it has two effects: it caused puppies to take cover and hide, and it arouses adults to assemble for action. In human terms it is rather like the sounding of a bell, beating of a gong, or blowing of a horn to announce that ‘someone is approaching the gates’ of a fortress. The alarm does not yet tell us whether the arrivals are friends or foes, but it ensures that necessary precautions can be taken. This is why loud barking may greet the arrival of a domestic dog's master, as well as the intrusion of a burglar. Out-and-out attack is, by contrast, completely silent. The fearlessly aggressive dog simply rushes straight at you and bites.Demonstrations of police dogs attacking men pretending to be fleeing criminals confirm this. As the man with the heavily padded arm runs away across the field and the police dog is released by its handler, there is no barking, no sound at all. The silent bounding of the big dog quickly ends with it clamping its jaws on to the padded arm and clinging on tightly.Fleeing is equally silent. The dog trying desperately to escape keeps quiet as it runs off quickly into the distance. V ocalizations are essentially indications of conflict or frustration. The fact that they nearly always accompany aggressive encounters with dogs means simply that even the most hostile of canines is usually afraid. The complete silence of the all-out attack of the police dog is less common than the snarling attack. Snarling, with the lips drawn back to display the canine teeth, is typical of the dog which is strongly aggressive and only mildly fearful. The slight tinge of fear is what converts the silent attack into the snarling one, but this is not a dog to be taken lightly. The urge to attack is still much too strong in relation to the urge to escape. A snarling dog is a postman's nightmare.。