一、判断题和选择题一单元判断1.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.(F)2.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.(F)3.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the United Kingdom.(F)4.The longest river of Britain originates in Wales.(T)5.Though the climate in Britain is generally mild,the temperature in northern Scotland often falls below--10C in January.(F)6.The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo--Saxons.(T)7.The Celtic people are the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.(T)8.English changed into what is described as Modern English from the late16th century.(F)一单元选择1.The two main islands of the British Isles are A.A.Great Britain and IrelandB.Great Britain and ScotlandC.Great Britain and WalesD.Great Britain and England2.B is the capital city of Scotland.A.BelfastB.EdinburghC.AberdeenD.Cardiff3.Among the four parts of the United Kingdom,D is the smallest.A.EnglandB.ScotlandC.WalesD.Northern Ireland4.English belongs to the C group of Indo-European family of languages.A.CelticB.Indo-IranianC.GermanicD.Roman5.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of D words toEnglish.A.Danish and FinnishB.Dutch and GermanC.French and Italiantin and Greek6.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the A influence.A.NormanB.DutchC.GermanD.Danish7.Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of C.A.grammarB.handwritingC.spellingD.pronunciation8.At present,nearly B of the world’s population communicate in English.A.halfB.a quarterC.one thirdD.one fifth二单元判断1.The British history before55BC is basically undocumented.(T)2.The Anglo--Saxons came to Britain in the mid--5th century.(T)3.The chief or king of the Anglo--Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.(F)4.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the8th century.(T)5.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.(T)6.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople.(F)7.The Hundred Years'War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans foe trade and territory.(F)8.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(T)二单元选择9.The D attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in410.A.NormanB.DanishC.CelticD.Germanic10.By the late7th century,D became the dominant religion in England.A.Celtic ChristianityB.Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC.Germanic ChristianityD.Roman Christianity11.The C marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A.Viking invasionB.signing of the Magna CartaC.Norman ConquestD.Adoption of common law12.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of C.A.the House of ValoisB.the House of YorkC.the House of TudorD.the House of Lancaster13.The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to A.A.divorce his wifeB.break with RomeC.support the ProtestantsD.declare his supreme power over the church14.The English Civil War broke out in1642between B.A.Protestants and PuritansB.Royalists and ParliamentariansC.nobles and peasantsD.aristocrats and Christians15.A was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A.Bill of RightsB.Act of SupremacyC.Provisions of OxfordD.Magna Carta16.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the C century.A.17thB.18thC.19thD.20th三单元判断1.Conventions are regarded less important than statutory law in the working of the British government.(T)2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.(F)3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(F)4.British Parliament is the law--making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.(F)5.The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.(F)6.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.(T)7.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.(F)8.The legal systems in England,Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law,organization and practice.(T)三单元选择17.The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of thefollowing branches with the exception of the C.A.judiciaryB.legislatureC.monarchyD.executive18.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on D.A.passing the billsB.advising the governmentC.political partiesD.public attitude19.As a revising chamber,the House of Lords is expected to B the House of Commons.A.rivalplementC.criticizeD.inspect4.A is at the center of the British political system.A.The CabinetB.省略20.The main duty of the British Privy Council is to B.A.make decisionsB.give adviceC.pass billsD.supervise the Cabinet21.In Britain,the parliamentary general election is held every C years.A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.six22.Generally speaking,the British Parliament operates on a B system.A.single-partyB.two-partyC.three-partyD.multi-party23.The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and D.ernment interventionB.nationalization of enterprisesC.social reformD.a belief in individualism四单元判断1.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.(T)2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.(T)3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain.(F)4.Thatcher's revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all the British econimic and social problems.(F)5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair is different from that of the Labor party and the Conservative Party.(T)6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy.(T)7.Britain is the world's leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.(F)8.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.(T)四单元选择24.The A in the early1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A.oil crisisB.high inflation ratesrge importsD.unemployment problem25.Of the following practices,C does not belong to Thatcher’s social welfare reform.A.reducing child benefitsB.shortening the unemployment benefits periodC.reducing the unemploymentD.lowering old age pensions26.The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except D.A.limiting government spendingB.keeping inflation under controlC.reducing unemploymentD.reducing inequality27.Britain has devoted C of its land area to agriculture.A.54%B.64%C.74%D.84%28.Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following except D.A.the North SeaB.the English ChannelC.The sea area around IrelandD.The sea area between Britain and Ireland29.Coal mining industry in Britain provides B of the energy consumed in the country.A.1/3B.1/4C.1/5D.2/330.The car industry in Britain in mostly A.A.foreign-ownedB.state-ownedC.joint-ventureD.privately-owned31.Of the following sectors in Britain,C has experienced spectacular growth since theend of Word War II.A.agricultureB.energy industryC.service industryD.manufacturing industry五单元判断1.The British government has been responsible for education since the early1800s.(F)cation in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of6and15.(F)3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system.(F)4.When children finish their schooling at16,they are required to take a national GCSE examination.(T)5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.(T)6.The Times is the world's oldest national newspaper(F)7.The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.(F)8.Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christian calendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions.(T)五单元选择32.In Britain,the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by theintroduction of comprehensive schools in the D.A.1930sB.1940sC.1950sD.1960s33.About C of British children receive primary and secondary education through theindependent system.A.5%B.6%C.7%D.8%34.Partially funded by central government grants,the British universities receive theirremaining funds from all the following sources except B.A.tuition feesB.loansC.donationsD.corporate contributions35.To be admitted to the Open University,one need B.A.some educational qualificationsB.no educational qualificationsC.General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD.General National Vocational Qualifications36.Among Britain’s quality press,the following newspapers are regarded as the“Big Three”with the exception of C.A.The TimesB.The GuardianC.The ObserverD.The Daily Telegraph37.Life on Earth is a kind of C program produced by the BBC and is popular among500million viewers worldwide.A.featureB.dramaC.documentaryD.soap opera38.B is Britain’s top pay television provider.A.BSBB.SkyTVC.BBCD.BSkyB39.Of the following,D is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays.A.families getting togetherB.friends exchanging good wishesC.friends enjoying each other’s companyD.families traveling overseas40.The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except A.A.Trooping the ColorB.Queen’s Christmas messageC.Boxing DayD.Christmas pantomime八单元判断1.The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachians hold one third of the country's continental territory.(F)2.The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate,with some mild subtropical and tropical zones.(T)3.Almost through the middle of the United States,north to south,runs a well--known 50-centimeter rainfall line.(T)4.New York is the commercial and financial center of the United States,and it is composed of five boroughs including Manhattan,Brooklyn,the Bronx,Staten Island,and Queens.(T)5.San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world famous Hollywood and Disneyland are located here.(F)6.During the1830s and1840s,many northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came to America.(T)7.Almost half of the immigrants coming to the United States in the1980s were Asians.(T)8.Basic American cultural values are freedom,equality and desire to work hard for a higher standard of living.(T)八单元选择41.The United States has C states on the continent.A.50B.49C.48D.3542.The state of A is the largest in area of all the states.A.AlaskaB.HawaiiC.TexasD.Florida43.The U.S.lies in B North America,with Canada to the north,Mexico to the south,the Atlantic to its and the Pacific to its.A.northern,east,westB.central,east,westC.southern,west,eastD.western,east,west44.The largest river in the U.S.is B.A.the Missouri RiverB.the Mississippi RiverC.the Ohio RiverD.the Colorado River45.Some of the world famous universities like Harvard,Yale and MIT are located C.A.in the SouthB.along the Pacific CoastC.in New EnglandD.in the Midwest46.San Francisco,Los Angeles and San Diego all belong to D.A. B. C. D.California47.The Immigrants Act of1924restricted the further immigration into the United States,particularly from A.A.EuropeC.AfricaD.South America48.The characteristic of dominant American culture is D.A.English-speaking,northern European,Roman Catholic and middle-classB.English-speaking,western European,Roman Catholic and upper-classC.English-speaking,northern European,Protestant and upper-classD.English-speaking,western European,Protestant and middle-class九单元判断1.America was named after Amerigo Vespucci,who arrived on the new continent after Columbus.(T)2.The second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia,and the Continental Army and Navy were founded under the command of Thomas Jefferson.(F)3.The Civil War not only put an end to slavery,but also decided that America was a single, indivisible nation.(T)4.Many American people approved of the Vietnam War.(F)5.In1990,American troops and the troops from allied nations launched Operation Desert Storm in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.(T)6.According to the American administration,Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden were responsible for the terrorist event on September11,2001.(F)7.The America government regarded Iraq a nation among the"axis of evil".(T)8.On March19,2003,American and United Nation's troops,supported by several other countries, began an invasion of Iraq.(F)九单元选择49.The first successful English colony in North America was founded at C in.A.Jamestown,LouisianaB.Boston,MassachusettsC.Jamestown,VirginiaD.Plymouth,Georgia50.The Seven Years’War occurred between the C.A.French and American IndiansB.French and SpaniardsC.French and BritishD.British and American Indians51.“No taxation without representation”was the rallying slogan of D.A.the settlers of VirginiaB.the people of PennsylvaniaC.the colonists in New EnglandD.the people of the13colonies52.The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in B.A.ConcordB.LexingtonC.PhiladelphiaD.Boston53.In May1775,B was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of anational government.A.the First Continental CongressB.the Second Continental CongressC.the Boston Tea PartyD.the Congress of Confederation54.Abraham Lincoln issued C to grant freedom to all slaves.A.Declaration of IndependenceB.ConstitutionC.Emancipation ProclamationD.Bill of Rights55.The policy of the United States was A at the beginning of the two world wars.A.neutralityB.full involvementC.partial involvementD.appeasement56.President C applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression.A.WilsonB.TrumanC.RooseveltD.Kennedy57.The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans,and it continued throughout theterms of Presidents D.A.Johnson,Nixon and FordB.Truman,Eisenhower and KennedyC.Kennedy,Johnson and NixonD.Eisenhower,Kennedy and Johnson十单元判断1.Bill of Rights was written into the Constitution in1787.(F)2.The form of American government is based on three main principles:federalism,the separation of powers,and respect for the Constitution and the rule of law.(T)3.The U.S.Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government and it consists of two houses:the House of Commons and the House of Lords.(F)4.The judicial branch of the federal government consists of a series of courts:the Supreme Court, the courts of appeals and the district courts.(T)5.The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology.(F)6.American presidential campaign adheres to the"winner-take-all"practice.(T)7.American foreign policy throughout the World War II was neutrality.(F)8.American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and intervention.(T)十单元选择58.The U.S.Constitution came into effect in B.A.1787B.1789C.1791D.179359.The Constitution of the United States C.A.gives the most power to CongressB.gives the most power to the PresidentC.tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD.gives the most power to the Supreme Court60.The Bill of Rights B.A.defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB.guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsC.is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD.has no relationship with the Constitution61.All the following except C can make legislative proposal.A.the SenatorB.the RepresentativeC.the Secretary of StateD.the President62.The following except C are all powers of the President.A.vetoing any bills passed by CongressB.appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC.making lawsD.issuing executive orders63.The terms for a Senator and Representative are D and years respectively.A.two,fourB.two,threeC.two,sixD.six,two64.The Supreme Court is composed of D justices.A.sixB.sevenC.eightD.nine65.The President is directly voted into office by C.A.all citizens of AmericaB.the citizens over18years oldC.electors elected by the votersD.the senators and representatives十一单元判断1.America is the world's largest industrial nation.(T)2.In the U.S.Constitution,the recognition of the importance of"intellectual property"could be identified.(T)3.Although slavery was abolished as a result of the Civil War,the owners of plantation in theSouth made more profits from selling their agriculture products.(F)4.President Roosevelt's New Deal had little effect in dealing with the economic crisis in the early 1930s.(F)5.The1960s was a period of consolidation for the American businesses.(F)6.American agricultural exports outweigh imports,leaving a surplus in the agricultural balance of trade.(T)7.Auto production is one of the important sectors in American manufacturing industry.(T)8.The world economy has little to do with the growth and decline of the American foreign trade.(F)十一单元选择66.America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fields except C.A.machineryB.automobilesC.oreD.chemicals67.The modern American economy progressed from C to,and eventually,to.A.colonial economy,handcraft economy,industrial economyB.farming economy,handcraft economy,industrial economyC.colonial economy,farming economy,industrial economyD.handcraft economy,farming economy,industrial economy68.Chartered companies were NOT granted the D by the British King or Queen.A.political authorityB.economic rightsC.judicial authorityD.diplomatic authority69.The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge of D.A.George WashingtonB.Thomas JeffersonC.Andrew JacksonD.Alexander Hamilton70.The following inventions took place during the“second industrial revolution”except D.A.typewriterB.telephoneC.electric lightD.refrigerator71.President Johnson tried to build a“Great Society”by introducing various programs like thefollowing except D.A.MedicareB.Food Stampscation InitiativesD.Unemployment Pension72.Employment in the A sector has been increasing in the U.S.since the1970s.A.serviceB.C.D.十二单元判断cation is governed by state and local governments instead of the national government in America.(T)2.All American children are offered12years of compulsory public education.(T)3.After12years of schooling,American students receive a bachelor's degree at graduation.(F)4.When selecting a college or university,undergraduate students have a great concern for its size, location and academic quality.(T)ually,an undergraduate student has to earn120credits to receive a degree.(T)6.Yale university is the second eldest institution of higher learning in the United States.(F)7.It is The New York Times that first uncovered the Watergate Scandal in1972through the efforts of two reporters.(F)8.Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Tuesday in November.(F)十二单元选择73.Formal education in the United States consists of C,secondary and higher education.A.kindergartenB.publicC.elementaryD.private74.Of the following subjects,B are NOT offered to elementary school students.A.mathematics and languagesB.politics and business educationC.science and social studiesD.music and physical education75.Higher education in the United States began with the founding of B.A.Yale UniversityB.Harvard UniversityC.Princeton UniversityD.New York University76.Of the following,B are NOT among the categories of American higher education.A.universities and collegesB.research institutionsC.technical institutionsmunity colleges77.To get a bachelor’s degree,all undergraduate students are required to do the followingexcept C.A.attending lectures and completing assignmentsB.passing examinationsC.working for communitiesD.earning a certain number of credits78.B is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation for itsserious attitude and great bulk.A.The Washington PostB.The New York TimesC.Los Angeles TimesD.New York Daily News79.Of the following,B is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks inAmerica.A.the National Broadcasting System(NBS)B.the Public Broadcasting Service(PBS)C.the Columbia Broadcasting System(CBS)D.the American Broadcasting System(ABS)80.The National Day of the United States falls on B.A.June4thB.July4thC.June14thD.July14th三、简答题一单元1geography people and language1.Why do tourists from all over the world like to go to Scotland?A:because they like to enjoy the beautiful Scottish scenery,to drink the scotch whisky and to see the Scotsmen wearing kilts and playing bagpipes.2.How many periods can the development of the English language be divided into and whatare they?A:the development of English language be divided into three period:old English, middle English,modern English.3.Why did English become more important after the Black Death?A:the laboring and merchant classes grew in economic and social important after the Black Death.So English also grew in importance compared to French.二单元2History4.What were some of Queen Victoria’s major achievements?A:the Queen Victoria’s major achievements in almost every aspect:she promotedfurther industrial revolution,the building of railways and the growing of trade and commerce.By the end of her reign,British had developed to an empire including a quarter of the global population and nearly a quarter of the world’s landmass.5.What were the two camps in Europe in world war I?A:The central powers which included Germany,Austria-Hungary,the ottoman empire and Bulgaria and allied powers which were mainly comprised of France,the Russian empire,and British empire,Italy and the united states.6.Why did Britain cooperate closely with the united states after world war II?A:because they were allied during the war and share the same worries about the former soviet union.三单元3government and the commonwealth7.What the three functions of the house of commons?A:the three functions are:to draft laws,to scrutinize,criticize and restrain the activities of the government policy.8.What kind of public image dose liberal democrats have in Britain?A:the liberal democrats is perceived as“middle”between the conservation and the labor party.it is comparatively flexible and pragmatic in its balance of the individual and the social.it emphasizes the need for a change in Britain’s constitutional arrangements to make the government more democratic and accountable.9.Why are independent candidates unlikely to win in the general election?A;Because even if they were elected,they would be powerless in parliament.Therefore,it is not possible for many people to vote for independent candidates.四单元4economy10.What was the negative aspect of Thatcher’s reform in the early1980s?A:its negative aspect was a rapid increase in unemployment.in1982,the unemployment rate reached the level of the great depression years,with three million people out of work.11.What are the characteristics of Britain’s agriculture?A:britain’s agriculture is characterized by a small portion of the population engaged in agriculture activities with a high degree of mechanization.Although it employs a mere1%of the country’s labor force,it meets around60%of the national demands.12.What happened to Britain’s beef industry in the mid-1990s?A:Britain’s beef industry was hit badly by BSE,resulting in a ban on beef exports in1996.五单元5education,media and holidays13.What used to be the major functions of grammar schools and vocational schools in Britain?The major functions of grammar schools were to train the most academically capable students and prepare them for university,whereas the major functions of vocational schools were to help less successful students to learn a trade.14.What kind of subjects do Britain comprehensive schools provide?Britain comprehensive schools provide a general education,offering both academic subjects like literature and science,and practical subjects like cooking and carpentry.15.In what ways do British universities enjoy complete academic freedom?British universities enjoy complete academic freedom because they can appoint their own staff,decide which students to admit,provide their own courses and award their own degrees.16.What role dose the media play in British leisure culture?The media play an essential role in British leisure culture since it helps to shape the public’s opinion,determine people’s moral and political orientation and consolidate or undermine the rule or a government.USA八单元8geography and people17.How is the American population distributed?The distribution of the American population is rather uneven.the most densely populated region is the northeastern part of the country.The great plains have a comparatively small population.the south also has a population of almost57.5million.the west is not densely populated,except for some metropolitan centers like los Angeles and san Francisco.it has about20%of the nation’s population.18.Why was the immigration act of1942instituted?The new immigrants in the united states,being poor and accustomed to poverty,were willing to work for very low wages.this made other workers afraid that the immigrants would lower wage levels and take jobs away from them.this opposition led to the immigration act of1942.九单元9history19.Why did American change its policy and enter world war II?Because of the formation of the axis,the American government feared that the axis countries were wining the war and it might threaten America’s security and interests.it began to provide war equipment to the foreign nations resisting the aggression of the axis power.the Japanese air raid on pearl harbor became the direct cause for America’s entrance into the war.20.What were Nixon’s well-known contributions during his presidency?a)brought the Vietnam war to a close;b)reestablishing U.S.relations with china;c)negotiating the first strategic arms limitation treaty with the former soviet union.21.What were the contents of Reagan’s economic program?Reagan’s economic program called for reductions in income taxes and business taxes in order to encourage investment,and it also requested that many government regulations be eliminated so as to reduce the federal government’s role in the day-to-day operation of business.十单元10government22.What are the two characteristics of the U.S.constitution?One is“checks and balances”,the other is that the power of the central government and the powers of state governments are specified.23.What are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively?A senator must be over30years old,a U.S.citizen for at least nine years,and a resident inthe state which they represent.a representative should be at least25years old and a U.S.citizen for no less than seven years.24.What are the major powers of the supreme court?a)to interpret laws;b)to hear appeals from any federal court cases;c)to hear appeals fromstate court cases that involve the constitution or national laws;d)may declare a law unconstitutional;e)may declare a presidential act unconstitutional.。