新概念2知识点总结第一部分、时态总结一、一般过去时；一、定义。
1. 表示过去的动作或状态，常和明确的过去时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last week, three days ago, in 1998,just now等，或与由when引导的从句连用。
2. 也可以表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复出现的动作。
句子中常带有every day, often, usually, always, sometimes等时间状语。
例：When I worked in the company, I got up early every morning.在那家公司上班时，我每天早晨都起得很早。
In the past few years she usually went touring during her summer holidays.在过去的几年里，每逢暑假她总是出去旅游。
二、一般过去时态句子结构1．Be 动词的一般过去时态在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词，am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were.如：I was late yesterday.We weren't late yesterday.She wasn't a teacher three years ago.Were you ill yesterdayWere they once your classmates ---Yes, I was. ---No, I wasn't.Who were your best friends in your primary school2. 实义动词的一般过去时态肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和does 的过去式did.如：I went home at nine o'clock yesterday.I didn't go home yesterday. He didn't tell me about you.Did you go home yesterday ---Yes, I did. ---No, I didn't.When did you finish your homework last night/the day before yesterday3. 助动词和情态动词过去式如下：shall―should（将要）用于第一人称单数will―would（将要）用于所有人称can―could（能，会）may―might（可以）must―must （必须）have to―had to（不得不）助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的过去式，后面的动词还使用原形。
如：I had to do my homework yesterday. (昨天我不得不做作业。
)三、一般过去时态动词变化形式一般过去时态由动词的过去式表示。
大多数动词的过去式是在动词原形后加上ed构成。
这类动词称为规则动词。
1）一般情况下在词尾直接加ed。
如：play―played work―worked 2）以e结尾的动词只加d. 如：like--- liked love―loved3）以辅音字母+Y结尾的动词，变Y为I，再加ed. 如：study―studied carry―carried4）以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，要双写最后这个辅音字母，再加ed. 如：stop―stopped5）不以ed 结尾的过去式，称为不规则动词,如：write（写）--wrote go-went do-did have-had see-saw take-took make-made come-came buy-bought技巧：巧记一般过去时：【一巧】时间状语（即标志词）巧。
一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，恰巧与表示过去的一些时间状语连用。
【二巧】形式巧。
它与一般现在时一样，形式多样：当主语是第一人称单数或第三人称单数时，谓语动词用was；主语是第二人称或其他人称复数时，谓语动词用were。
例如：I was in the classroom yesterday morning．昨天早上我在教室里。
He was at school last Tuesday．上周二他在学校。
They were over there a moment ago．刚才他们在那边。
【三巧】否定句结构巧。
与动词be的一般现在时一样，它在动词后面加not 即可变成否定句，并且was, were与not可以缩写成wasn't, weren't。
即：主语＋wasn't／weren't ＋表语＋其他。
例如：I was not (＝wasn't) here yesterday．昨天我不在这儿。
My parents were not (＝weren't) at home last Sunday．上周日我父母不在家。
【四巧】疑问句式巧。
把was, were提到句首，句末用问号即可变为一般疑问句。
即：Was(Were) ＋主语＋表语＋其他这恰巧与动词be的一般现在时的疑问句式相似。
例如：Were you at home the day before yesterday﹖前天你在家吗Was she late this morning﹖今天早上她迟到了吗更巧的是疑问句的答语也相似，肯定回答用“Yes, 主语＋was／were．”；否定回答用“No,主语＋wasn't／weren't．”。
例如：—Were Wei Hua and Han Mei here just now﹖刚才魏华和韩梅在这儿吗—Yes, they were．(No, they weren't．) 是的，她们在。
（不，她们不在。
）练习一、用be动词的适当形式填空1．I ______ an English teacher now.2．She _______ happy yesterday.3．They _______ glad to see each other last month.4．Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.5．The little dog _______ two years old this year.6．Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.7．Today _______ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children's Day.二、用动词的适当形式填空1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday Yes, he ______._______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday.8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night.3. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween.4. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I ________ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They ________ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls ________ (sing) and _______ (dance) at the party.9. It ______ (be) Ben's birthday last Friday.10. We all ______ (have) a good time last night.11. He ________ (jump) high on last Sports Day.二、现在完成时一．句型：Eg: I have finished my homework.He hasn’t watered the flowers.Have they watched the film -----Yes, they have. ----No, they haven’t.二．用法1、现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果Eg. I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Jim has (just/already) come. (含义：吉姆现在在这儿)My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)2、现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）③since+时段+ago④since+从句（过去时）⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）. Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.三、现在完成时的标志现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:* 以already, just和yet为标志He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。