同学个性化教学设计年级：教师：科目：班主任：日期：时段：课题英语国际音标的学习与使用教学目标掌握读音，区分并会使用英语国际音标来拼单词的读音重难点透视国际音标的读音标准与区分及使用考点单词中字母组合读音的区分知识点剖析序号知识点预估时间掌握情况1 20个元音的学习与练习40min2 28个辅音的学习与练习30min3 做相应的练习题并进一步矫正读音30min4 回顾并总结本课20min教学内容一．国际音标分为元音和辅音1. 元音辅音的定义:(1) 气流迫使声带振动，从口腔向外流出时不受任何阻挡而形成的音为元音（2）声腔中的气流通道受到不同程度的阻碍而形成的音为辅音。
2. 从音系学的角度，即从音节里音的功能来看，位于音节两边的音位为辅音，即节首和结尾，位于音节核心的音位为元音。
（red, wet, lead）3. 元音和辅音的比较（1）元音：1）气流在通道上不受任何阻挡，畅通无阻。
2）发音器官的各个部位保持均衡的紧张状态。
3）声带一定振动，即元音都是浊音。
4）呼出的气流较弱。
5）全是口腔音。
6）乐音响度大。
（2）辅音：1）气流在通道上受到某种程度的阻挡。
2）只有构成阻碍的那部分发音器官处于紧张状态。
3）声带不一定振动，有浊音和清音之别。
4）呼出的气流较强。
5) 有口腔音和晕音之分。
6）噪音，响度小。
二．20 个元音：单元音12个：/ɑ:/ /ɔ:/ / ɜ:/ /i:/ /U:/ / ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/双元音8个：/eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/ /əʊ/ /aʊ/前元音4个：/i:/ /ɪ/ /e/ /æ/中元音3个：/ʌ/ / ɜ://ə/后元音5个：/ɑ:/ /ɒ//ɔ://ʊ/ / u:/圆唇音4个：/ u: / /ʊ/ /ɔ:/ /ɒ/1) [ɑ:] 字母组合ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm2) [ɔ: ]字母组合al or au our arsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarter3）[3:] 字母组合ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdturn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm word world4) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie ei （eo ey i）three tree green sheep meet beef see seekeat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she mepiece receive ceiling5) [u:] 字母组合oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose toothshoe do twotrue truth blue prude6) [ ʌ ] 发音字母u o ou ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mother dose brother love abovetrouble rough flourishblood flood7) [ɒ] 发音字母o a ouhot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash watch8) [ə] 字母组合er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasurefamiliar collar dollartogether tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listenfamulus Saturday9) [ɪ ]发音字母i y e ui u asit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious10) [ʊ] 字母组合oo ou u olook good foot book wood wool cook stood(短脚厨师站在木头和羊毛上看好书)should couldput full bull pull pushwoman wolf11) [e] 字母组合ea e a （ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay）head bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yesmany any12) [ æ ] 发音字母abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man13) [eɪ] 发音字母a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane Aprilplay say may waygreat breakrain paint plainthey grey14) [aɪ] 发音字母i ybike fine find die nine light night highmy try fly eye15) [ɔɪ ] 字母组合oy oiboy toy joyoil soil voice choice16) [ɪə]字母组合eer earbeer deerear nearhere fierce idea17) [eə]字母组合ear air erepear bearchair air fairthere wherecare18) [ʊə] 字母组合our ower oortour poor19) [əu] ([εu] )发音字母o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghostknow low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal20) [au]字母组合ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loud around mouseflower down now cow how town二．28 个辅音：/p/ / t/ / k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʃ/ / h/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /ʒ/ / r/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ / j/ / w/ / ǀ/1 轻辅音/p/ pen pad panda party put浊辅音/b/ bed boat bird badminton bathroom2 轻辅音/ t/ tooth teach tear tea浊辅音/d/ doll darkness dad duty doubt3 轻辅音/ k/ kind keep sock duck check trick浊辅音/g/ girl gift glad bag jog bug4 轻辅音/f/ five fight foot food lift four浊辅音/v/ very visit view five save5 轻辅音/θ/ three thirsty think thank mouth birthday浊辅音/ð/ this mother those with there6 轻辅音/s/ six sing song sit soup浊辅音/z/ zoo zebra zero has his rose7 轻辅音/ʃ/ wash show she shop浊辅音/ʒ/ television usually8 轻辅音/ts/ lights coats jackets浊辅音/dz/ birds friends beds9 轻辅音/tʃ/ chair children chicken China浊辅音/dʒ/ jeep jump subject just jacket10 轻辅音/tr/ tree train try treat浊辅音/dr/ drink drive dress draw轻辅音/ h/ high help hope who whose浊辅音/ r/ radio rabbit root rose write wrong鼻音/m/ moon mother make market marker /n/ nose noon need new plane orange /ŋ/(ng) thing sing song swing ring going(n) think thank uncle English finger半元音/ j/ year yes yellow you young/ w/ wolf wood winter week watch woman(wh) where when which what why 边音/ ǀ/light library late ladytable ball trouble little三．辅音的发音区分及分类1. 爆破音（6个）：/p/ /b/ / t/ /d/ / k/ /g/其中/p/ /b/ 为双唇音，/ t/ /d/ 为齿龈音，/ k/ /g/ 为软腭音。
2. 鼻音（3个）：/m/ /n/ /ŋ/其中/m/ 为双唇音，/n/ 为齿龈音，/ŋ/为软腭音。
3. 摩擦音（9个）：/f/ /v/ /θ/ /ð/ /s/ /z/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ / h/其中/f/ /v/ 为唇齿音，/θ/ /ð/ 为齿音，/s/ /z/ 为齿龈音，/ʃ/ /ʒ/ 为腭龈音，/ h/ 为声门音。