2020年高考英语语法必考知识点：动名词专项练习单项选择1. I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.A. to takeB. to be takenC. takingD. being taken2. Bill suggested __ __ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expoduring the vacation.A. having heldB. to holdC. holdingD. hold3. He told us whether ____ ___ a picnic was still under discussionA. to haveB. havingC. haveD. had4. It is worth considering what makes“convenience” foods so popular,and ___ ___ better ones of your own.A. introducesB. to introduceC. introducingD. introduced5. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried __ ___alone，but she didn’t like it and moved back home.A. livingB. to liveC. to be livingD. having livedKeys:DCBCA句子翻译 1) 你介意把门打开吗？ 2) 他花了三个小时完成作业。
3)看了这场表演，他情不自禁地笑了。
4)我们已经习惯早起早睡。
5)医生建议我要多喝水。
Keys:Would you mind opening the door?He spent three hours finishing the homework.Seeing the show, he can’t help laughing.We are used to getting up early and going to sleep early.The doctor suggests me drinking more water.动名词是表示动作的名词，既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。
一、作用1、作主语1). 直接位于句首做主语。
例如：Swimming is a good sport in summer.2). 用 it 作形式主语，It is no use telling him not to worry. 常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有：better，wonderful，enjoyable，interesting，foolish，difficult，useless，senseless，worthwhile，等。
注意：important，essential，necessary 之后常用不定式3). 用于“There be”结构中。
例如：There is no saying when he'll come.很难说他何时回来。
4). 用于布告形式的省略结构中。
例如：No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ). （禁止吸烟）No parking.（禁止停车）5). 动名词的复合结构作主语名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语)。
动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。
Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较动名词多用来表示泛指，不定式多用来表示特指Smoking is not good for health.It is not good for you to smoke so much.在固定结构“It is no use...”，“It is no good...”，“It is fun...”，“It is a was te of time...”等句型中，通常用动名词作真实主语：It is no use/good/a waste of time talking about that.*It is no use/good/a waste of time to talk about that.在疑问句中，通常用动名词的复合结构，而不用不定式的复合结构作主语：Does your saying that mean anything to him? *在“There be”句型中，只能用动名词，而不能用不定式作主语：There is no telling what will happen.当句子中的主语和表语都是非限定动词时，要遵循前后一致的原则，主语和表语在形式上要求统一：Seeing is believing. *To see is to believe.2、作宾语1）作动词的宾语某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。
advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help,imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, delay, practise, resist,suggest, depend on, think about, set about, succeed in, worry about,burst out, insist on, can’t stand, be used to, get used to, devote…to…, lookforward to, pay attention to, get down to,escape 等。
Mark often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations.2）作介词的宾语We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term.Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work?3）作形容词的宾语The music is well worth listening to more than once.We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet.3、作表语动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。
表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。
Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任务就是擦窗户。
(Cleaning the windows is your task.)What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。
(Being laughed at is what I hate most.)4、作定语动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。
如： awalking stick ＝a stick for walking=a stick which is used forwalking a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machinewhich is used for washing a reading room=a room forreading=a room which is used for reading a measuring tape=atape for measuring=a tape which is used formeasuring sleeping pills=pills for sleeping=pills which is usedfor sleeping二、动名词的逻辑主语带有逻辑主语的动名词称为动名词的复合结构。
当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动名词之前加上物主代词或名词所有格，这便构成了动名词的复合结构。
Her coming to help encouraged all of us. 他来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。
Jane’s being careless caused so much trouble. 简的粗心惹来了不少麻烦。
What’s troubling them is their not having enough food. 烦扰他们的是食物不足。
在口语中，如果动名词复合结构作宾语，其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格，名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替，但在句首作主语时不能这样来代替。
如：Would you mind my/me using your computer?The father insisted on his son’s/his son going to college.Mary’s (不可用 Mary) being ill made her mother upset.His (不可用 Him)smoking made his family angry. 在下列情况下动名词的逻辑主语必须用名词的普通格或人称代词宾语：a.无命名词The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.b.有生命名词但表示泛指意义Have you ever heard of women practising boxing?c.两个以上的有生命名词并列Do you remember your parents and me telling about this?三、动名词的时态和语态主动语态和被动语态：一般式 writing、being written、完成式 having written、having been written其否定形式是在 doing 前加上 not1、动名词一般式表示的动作通常是一般性动作I hate talking with such people. 我讨厌与这样的人说话。
Being careless is not a good habit. 粗心不是一个好习惯。
2、动名词的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。