【初中英语】现在完成时知识点总结
一、初中英语现在完成时
1．The small shop ________ for several years.
A. opened B. has been opened C. has opened D. has been open
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】open是非延续性动词，和表示一段时间的时间状语连用必须转化为延续性动词be open.根据句意，本句应用现在完成时态，故选D。
【点评】考查open转化为be open, be open里的open是形容词，不能加ed..
2．The volunteers ________ a lot of help to the old and the young since 2010．
A. offered B. have offered C. are offering D. will offer
A. has gone to B. has been to C. has arrived in D. has been in
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】考查延续与非延续性动词。根据for about half a year是一段时间，排除非延续性动词A、B、C这三个选项，故选D。
9．—Do you still play basketball?
A. teaches B. has taught C. is teaching D. will teach
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：——露西，你叔叔是老师吗？——是的，他是。他教历史将近20年了。根据句中的时间状语for nearly 20 years，可知，表示持续一段时间的动作，用现在完成时，have/has+过去分词。主语是he，用has，故选B.
3．I am surprised at the new look of my hometown，for it _____ a lot over the years．
A. changed B. changes C. will change D. has changed
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】我对我的家乡的新面貌感到惊讶，因为这几年改变了很多，
—Oh, no. I ____ it for the past two years.
A. haven't played B. didn't play C. won't play D. hadn't played
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意：——你还打篮球吗？——哦，不了。我已经有两年没有打过了。根据句中的for the last two years可知应与完成时态连用，又有时间是the last two years可知是从现在往前两年，因此应使用现在完成时态，故选A。
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：－你的父亲在哪儿？－他去上海了。Have been to去过某地（已回）；have been in在……；have gone to去了某地（未回）。本题中父亲是人们在找的人，所以是去了某地，还没回来，用have gone to。主语he是三人称单数，用has gone to。故选C。
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】考查时态．句意"自2010以来，志愿者们向老人和青年提供了大量的帮助．"．A过去时．B现在完成时态．C现在进行时态．D一般将来时态．since+点时间通常用于现在完成时态，结构是have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是volunteers复数，用助动词have．offer的过去分词是offered．答案是B．
【点评】考查现在完成时，注意其常与for+一段时间连用。
7．—Where is your fat to Shanghai B. He has been in Shanghai
C. He has gone to Shanghai D. He have been to Shanghai
结合over the years可知表达的动作发生在过去，对现在造成一定的影响，故用现在完成时have/has+过去分词，主语it，故has，故答案是D．
4．Iscared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old.
A. will be B. was C. have been D. would be
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：Wow，你做好分了，让我们现在来吃。根据““Wow”及“now”可知本句动词的时间是现在，根据语境可知动词的状态为完成。故选D。
【点评】动词的时态可以根据选项与上下文之间的前后关系来判断。
6．—Lucy, is your uncle a teacher?
—Yes, he is. Hehistory for nearly 20 years.
【点评】本题考查现在完成时。以及Have been to；have been in；have gone to三个短语的词义和用法。
8．— Where is your uncle? I haven't seen him for a long time.
— He _______ Beijing for about half a year. He moved there in January.
【点评】考查动词时态中的for+段时间与完成时态连用，根据时间确定是现在完成还是过去完成。
10．—Where is Catherine? I haven't seen her for days.
—SheWuhan. She'll be back next week.
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】由since引导的从句可知主句应用现在完成时，故答案为C。句意是：自从我五岁时被狗伤过之后我就一直怕狗。
【点评】本题考查现在完成时的用法。
5．Wow! You ________ dinner! Let's eat now.
A. cook B. are cooking C. will cook D. have cooked