专题限时集训(十四)阅读七选五——说明文(Ⅲ)(对应学生用书第117页)A【导学号：52384062】(2017·长春市质监一)Are you having trouble concentrating when you're reading a book or listening to a lecture？This list of activities might help to improve your study habits.Make a list.We often have trouble paying attention to one thing because our brain wants to think about something else. 1 You don't worry about whatever else you should be doing.Sleep more.Studies show that people who sleep fewer than eight hours a night for a period of time have slower response systems and more difficulty recalling information. 2Eat healthier foods.Many people enjoy foods high in fats and sugars. 3 They might give you a temporary burst of energy.However，that energy is soon followed by a crash.Reduce screen time.This may be the most unpopular suggestion among young people.Screen time—time spent looking at cell phones，televisions，computer screens，has a clear effect on the attention span. 45 Concentration improves for students who participate in team sports.It could be that being active is helpful in this way.Participating in a sport trains your brain to concentrate on specific tasks，and shut out other thoughts.A．Be active.B．Practice more.C．These foods can provide enough energy for focusing.D．But these foods can't be helpful enough when it comes to focusing.E．That is bad news for teens who stay up studying the night before a test.F．Researchers advise parents to limit it when their children need to be focused.G．By writing down all the things you need to do，you'll gain a sense of control. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。
介绍了几种提高注意力的方法。
1．G[根据本段的主题句“列清单”以及空后的“You don't worry about whatever else you should be doing.”可知，选G项。
]2．E[根据本段的主题句“Sleep more.”和空前一句的内容可知，选E项。
] 3．D[下文的“that energy is soon followed by a crash”与D项中的“can't be helpful enough”相对应，故答案为D。
]4．F[本段的主题句“Reduce screen time.”与选项F中的“limit it”对应，故答案为F。
]5．A[空处为本段的主题句，由下文的“It could be that being active is helpful in this way.”可知，答案为A。
]B(2017·广州市综合测试一)We've all experienced peer pressure(同伴压力)．It happens to everybody.However，people have different reactions.Confident people refuse to do things they don't want to do，but shy and anxious people often give in.It may be because they want to be liked.It may be because they worry that their friends will make fun of them，or perhaps they're just curious about trying something new. 6 It's hard being the only one who says no and the question is：how do you do it？7 If you think that missing maths，or smoking，or going somewhere you know your parents wouldn't like is a bad idea then the answer is simple：don't do it.It's your decision，nobody else's.You don't need to be aggressive.You don't need to shout and scream，but you must be confident and you must be firm.You need to say，“No，thanks.I don't want to do that.”Being on your own against everybody else is very hard，so it can really help to have at least one other peer，or friend，who will say no too. 8 You want friends who will support you when you're in trouble.You don't want people who will always agree with the majority.Remember，the most popular people aren't always the mosttrustworthy.9 You can learn a lot from people of your own age.They can teach you great football skills or the best way to do your maths homework.They can recommend music and advise you on fashion.And don't forget you can tell them things too，and that always feels great.So，find friends who have similar interests.And remember，friendship isn't about feeling depressed and guilty. 10A．Choose your friends carefully.B．Firstly，you must decide what you believe in.C．It's about sharing experience and having fun.D．Of course，peer pressure isn't completely bad.E．It may be because they were all born to be stubborn.F．Depression and guilt will surely give you peer pressure.G．Whatever the reason，some people end up doing things they really don't want to do.【语篇解读】自信的人通常选择拒绝做不乐意做的事情，而害羞和焦虑的人通常会选择接受。
本文介绍了如何学会拒绝并解释了如何从来自同伴的压力中学习。
6．G[根据空前两句“It may be because they want to be liked.It may be because they worry that their friends will make fun of them，or perhaps they're just curious about trying something new.”可知，那些害羞和焦虑的人做他们不想做的事情可能是为了让别人喜欢自己，也可能担心他们的朋友会取笑他们，或者仅是尝试新事物。
结合空处所在的位置可以判断，空处承上启下，说明不管是何种原因，这些人选择了做他们不想做的事情，故G项符合文意。
]7．B[根据该段最后两句“You don't need to shout and scream，but you must be confident and you must be firm.You need to say，‘No，thanks.I don't want to do that.’”可知，对于如何拒绝，你无需叫喊，但是要自信和坚定；据此可知，空处表示要确定你相信的东西，故B项符合文意。