胸腔镜肺段切除术治疗肺癌的研究进展[摘要] 肺癌已经成为对人类社会危害最严重的恶性肿瘤,其发病率在近50年里持续升高,目前已居欧美国家和我国大城市的男性各种肿瘤的首位。
肺癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,目前主要治疗是以手术为主的综合治疗。
随着实验学、生理学、生物学和麻醉学的不断发展,以及肺癌外科理论和技术的不断发展和更新,特别是心血管外科理论和技术在肺癌外科中的应用,以及肺叶切除加纵膈淋巴结清扫作为标准肺癌根治手术方式出现一些不足,医务人员对采用肺段切除治疗小肺癌的兴趣在不断增加,但其效果是否与标准的肺癌根治一样,本研究就胸腔镜肺段切除术治疗肺癌做一综述。
[关键词] 肺癌;肺段切除;胸腔镜[中图分类号] r734.2 [文献标识码] a [文章编号] 2095-0616(2013)03-来自于胸科医师协会一般普胸手术数据库的资料显示,肺段切除仅占肺切除的4.4%[1] ,由于新的成像方式以及ct技术的提高,以及新的肺癌分期方法出现,使人们更好地选择解剖性肺切除[2-3]。
因此,肺段切除术被审慎应用于肿瘤5 纵隔淋巴结清扫的可行性纵隔淋巴结评估是胸腔镜下肺段切除治疗非小细胞肺癌的重要组成部分。
虽然完整的纵隔淋巴结评估与系统的淋巴结采样的优劣不确定[23],胸腔镜肺段切除已被证明能够达到足够的淋巴结清扫[12]。
6 局限性及未来研究因为采用的是回顾性研究,因此,潜在性的外科医生的偏差影响到不同手术类型患者的收集。
目前的研究没有报道患者对再发癌症手术的耐受性,这可能是一个重要的评价要点。
胸腔镜肺段切除能够比开胸肺段切除减少创伤,能够比肺叶切除更好保护肺功能。
笔者认为,胸腔镜肺段切除的患者比肺叶切除的患者对再发癌症的手术耐受性更好。
另外,未来的研究应该增加现在所缺乏的淋巴结采用、清扫、数量等资料。
最后,已经讨论的胸腔镜肺段切除的两个正在进行的随机对照实验[24-25],这两个实验的结果以及依据国家和国际肺癌筛选实验进行的胸腔镜肺段切除实验结果将日益重要。
虽然胸腔镜的方法可能学习起来有一定困难,但它越来越成为解剖性肺切除的一个重要方法。
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