定语从句一、基本概念：定语：定语从句：Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just nowThat is the house where he lived ten years ago.引导词：关系词关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当：关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当：先行词：定语从句中引关系词的作用：二、关系词的用法：（一）关系代词的用法：1． He is the man lives next door.The train has just left is for Shenzhen.2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer.Where is the book ___________I bought last week（二）关系副词的用法：1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点：1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构：when = on (in, at, during…) + which;where = in (at, on…) + which;why = for which. 如：I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived.The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor.This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it.2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较：I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated.I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer.His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made.His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts.三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1．限制性定语从句This is the telegram which he refers to.Is there anything (that) I can do for you2．非限制性定语从句This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago.As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有who, whom, whose, which, when 和 where不可以用that和why。
注意：I told the story to John, who later did it to his brother.= I told the story to John, and he later told it to his brother.Yesterday I happened to see John, who was eager to have a talk with you.= Yesterday I happened to see John and he was eager to have a talk with you.4．先行词为整个主句或是主句中的一个部分，用which或as来引导。
如：He passed the exam, which/as he hoped he would.注：（1）as引导的从句可以放在主句之前、中、后，而which引导的从句只能放在主句之后。
They are hollow, which makes them very light.As is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China.（2）as常译成“就象… …那样”，正如….as 的短语As everybody knows, Luxun is a famous writer.Luxun, as everybody knows, is a famous writer.as we all know , as often happens, as you see, as is known to allas is expected, as has been said before, as I can remember四．关系词的选择1．在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指物时，只能用that，不用which的情况：(1) 当先行词是all, a lot, (a) little, few, much, none, anything, something,everything, nothing等词时。
如：All that can be done has been done.In this factory I saw little / much that was different from ours.(2) 当先行词被all, any no, much, little, few, every等限定词所修饰时。
如：We heard clearly every word that he said.(3) 当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时。
如：The first thing that should be done is to get the tickets.When people talk about Hangzhou, the first that comes to mind is the West Lake.(4) 当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级所修饰，以及先行词被序数词和形容词最高级同时修饰时，如：Is that the best that you can doThat’s the most expensive hotel that we’ve ever stayed in.This novel is the second best one that I have ever read.(5) 当先行词被 the very, the only, the next, the last等所修饰时。
如：This is the very book that I want to find.(6) 当先行词为指人和指物的两个并列名词词组时。
如：The guests spoke highly of the children and their performances that they saw at the Children’s Palace.She described in her compositions the people and places that impressed her most.(7) 当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。
如：Which is the car that killed the boy2. 在定语从句中，当先行词指人时，用who(m)，而不用that的情况：(1) 当先行词是one, ones, any, few, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everyone,everybody等词时。
如：Is there anyone who can answer this questionHe was among the few who managed to live through the enemy prison camp.(2) 当先行词是he, they, those, people, person等词时。
如：He who wants to catch fish just not mind getting wet.Those who are against the proposal put up your hands.3. 在定语从句中，当先行词指人时，在下列情况中，一般用关系词that:(1) 当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。
如：Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over thereWhich of us that knows anything does not know this(2) 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词所修饰时。
如：He is the greatest man that has ever lived.(3) 当先行词被the only, the very, the last等词所修饰时。
如：She is the only person that understands me.4介词+关系代词介词的选择1.介词与定语从句中的动词、形容词搭配Human have the ability to modify the environment they live.He was generous with his time, I was grateful.2. 介词与先行词搭配By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ____ appeared a rare rainbow soon.A. of whichB. on whichC. from whichD. above whichwhich 的用法1） For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further, ____ New York is an example.A. for whichB. in whichC. of whichD. from which2）The man pulled out a gold watch, were made of small diamonds.A. the hands of whomB. whom the hands ofC. which the hands ofD. the hands of which选择正确的介词：on in for of with to1.I disagree with the facts ____ which your argument is based.2.The song, ___ which he was interested, will never be heard again.3.This is the reason ____ which he often comes to school late.4.I will never forget the way ____ which my father taught me.5.This is the boy _____ whom we’re proud.6.I want to find the very pen ___which I wrote the letter.7.They are the boys ____whom our teachers are speaking highly.8.It is necessary to name the person ____whom the cards belong.9.It is important to choose good friends ___ whom you can share yourhappiness.10.I would like to do business with those people ___whom I can rely.高中定语从句专项练习题place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A. WhichB. whereC. whatD. in whichyou know the man _______？A. whom I spokeB. to who spokeC. I spoke toD. thatI spokeis the hotel _______last month.A. which they stayedB. at that they stayedC. where they stayed atD. where they stayedyou know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded？A. whichB. thatC. whenD. on whichis the day ______I'll never forget.A. whichB. on whichC. in whichD. whenfactory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.A. whereB. to whichC. whichD. in whichchanges have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. thereis one of the best films _______.A. that have been shown this yearB. that have shownC. that has been shown this yearD. that you talkedyou lend me the book ______the other day？A. about which you talkedB. which you talkedC. about that you talkedD. that you talkedpen ______he is writing is mine.A. with whichB. in whichC. on whichD. by whicharrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a smallboy.A. whomB. whoC. whichD. thatengineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.A. to whomB. on whomC. with whichD. with whomthere anyone in your class ______family is in the country？A. whoB. who'sC. whichD. whose'm interested in ______you have said.A. all thatB. all whatC. thatD. whichwant to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. asisn't such a man ______he used to be.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. asis good at English, ______we all know.A. thatB. asC. whomD. whatMing, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.A. I went withB. with whom I wentC. with who I wentwent with himdon't like ______ as you read.A. the novelsB. the such novelsC. such novelsD. same novelstalked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. whatletter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. whoour factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.A. themB. whichC. whomD. who're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A. who;/B./; whomC. whom;/D./; wholost a book, ______I can't remember now.A. whose titleB. its titleC. the title of itD. the title of thatsummer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.A. for whichB. for thatC. in whichD. whathave bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.A. thatB. whichC. asD. itcan never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.A. when; whichB. which; whenC. what; thatD. on which; whenway ______he looks at problems is wrong.A. whichB. whoseC. whatD./is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.A. in whichB. with whichC. thatD. for whichmachine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A. after which I have lookedB. which I have looked afterC. that I have looked afterD. I have looked afterreason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.A. why; that ;why C. for that;that which;whatis working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.whichis not the way ______I do it.A./ which whichhave two grammars, ______are of great use.A. all of whichB. either of whichC. both of thatD. both of whichwant to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A. as wasB. which wasC. as wereD. whichneigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. itis the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.A. thatB. whichC. from thatD. from whichis not such a man _______ would leave his work halfdone.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. as39. You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A. /B. whyC. whenD. whose40. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A. thatB. whichC. itD. though41. --- Did you ask the guard _______ happened？--- Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.A. what; thatB. what; whatC. which; whichD. that; that42. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm withthe farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.A. when; whoB. that; whichC. which; thatD. when; which43. The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.A. owns; areB. owns; isC. own; isD. own; are44. During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns.A. followedB. followingC. to followD. that followed45. Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn？A. thatB. /C. whichD. it46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside house.A. which; whatB. through which; whatC. through that; whatD. what; that47. Is _______ some German friends visited last week？A. this schoolB. this the schoolC. this school oneD. this school where48. John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.A. asB. thatC. whatD. who49. I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.A. none of themB. neither of themC. neither of whichD. none of which50. All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.A. are beingB. has beenC. had beenD. have been1. Nearly all the streets are in straight lines,________ from east to west. Those ________ run from north to south are called avenues.A. running; thatB. run; whoC. running; whoD. run; that2. This is the case ________ he’s had all his money stolen.A. whenB. whereC. thatD. on which3. Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn, ________ we willenjoy the Olympic Games in 2008. A. where B. when C. which D.how4. The artist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anything ________ .A. that the little girl asks himB. the little girl asks him toC. for the little girl to ask himD. what the little girl asks him5. —How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin—Oh, that’s easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one ________ the telephone number is provided.A. whichB. in whichC. of whichD. whose6. October 15 th is my birthday, ________ I will never forget.A. whenB. thatC. whatD. which7. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point ________he can walk correctly and safely.A. whenB. whereC. whichD. whose8. There are several research centers in China ________ a certain diseasecalled Bird Flu is being studied.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. what9. I hope that the little ________ I have been able to do does good to them all.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. when10. The time is not far away ________ modern communications will becomewidespread in China’s vast countryside.A. asB. whenC. untilD. before11. ________ is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part of China. We must unify it.A. ItB. AsC. WhichD. What12. I shall never forget the day ________ Shen Zhou V was launched, ________has a great effect on my life.A. when, whichB. that, whichC. which, thatD. when, that13. The bread my wife makes is much better than ________ you can buy ata store.A. that whichB. one thatC. that of whichD. this of which14. There is no such place ________ you dream of in all this world.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. as15. The people, ________ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.A. all whose homesB. all of whose homesC. all their homesD. all of their homes16. The humans are destroying nature day by day, ________ of course, willcause severe punishment from it sooner or later.A. whoB. whenC. on whichD. which17. Is this research center ________ you visited the modern equipment last yearA. whereB. thatC. the one thatD. the one where18. Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old ________they swam in it.A. whenB. thatC. whoD. where19. The man showed us so heavy a stone ________ no man can lift.A. thatB. asC. whichD. and20. He stayed there for quite a long time, during ________ time he learnedmuch spoken English. A. that B. this C. which D. same。