1General overview
2 1.1 Sources of law
3 1.2 Constitutionality
∙ 2 American common law
∙ 3 Levels of law
1 3.1 Federal law
2 3.1.1 Federal statutory
enactment procedure
▪ 3.1.2 Federal
regulatory
promulgation
procedure
▪ 3.1.3 Formulation of
federal precedent
3 3.2 State law
▪ 3.2.1 Attempts at
"uniform" laws
4 3.3 Local law
∙ 4 Types of law
1 4.1 Procedural law
▪ 4.1.1 Criminal
procedure
▪ 4.1.2 Civil
procedure
2 4.2 Substantive law
▪ 4.2.1 Criminal law
▪ 4.2.2 Contract law
▪ 4.2.3 Tort law
∙ 5 Odd exceptions
∙ 6 See also
1 6.1 Lists
∙7 References
∙8 Further reading
∙9 External links
•1概览
1.1法的渊源
Ø 1.2合宪
•2美国普通法
•3法律层次
Ø 3.1联邦法律
3.1.1联邦法定程序制定♣3.1.2联邦法规的颁布程序♣3.1.3制定联邦先例♣
Ø 3.2州际法律
3.2.1“统一”的法律企图♣
Ø 3.3当地法律
•4法律类型
Ø 4.1程序法
4.1.1刑事诉讼程序♣
4.1.2民事程序♣
Ø 4.2实体法
4.2.1刑法♣
4.2.2合同法♣
4.2.3侵权法♣
•5稀奇古怪的例外
•6参见
Ø 6.1列表
•7参考资料
•8延伸阅读
•9外部链接
The law of the United States consists of many levels[1] of codified and uncodified forms of law, of which the most important is the United States Constitution, the foundation of the federal government of the United States. The Constitution sets out the boundaries of federal law, which consists of constitutional acts of Congress, constitutional treaties ratified by Congress, constitutional regulations promulgated by the executive branch, and case law originating from the federal judiciary.
1、The Constitution and federal law are the supreme law of the land, thus circumscribing限制state and territorial laws in the fifty U.S. states and in the territories.
[2] In the unique dual双重的-sovereign元首system of American federalism (actually tripartite when one includes Indian reservations), states are the plenary充分的sovereigns, while the federal sovereign possesses only the limited supreme authority enumerated in the Constitution. Indeed, states may grant their citizens broader rights than the federal Constitution as long as they do not infringe破坏on any federal constitutional rights.
[3] Thus, most U.S. law (especially the actual "living law" of contract, tort, criminal, and family law experienced by the majority of citizens on a day-to-day basis) consists primarily of state law, which can and does vary greatly from one state to the next.[4][5]
The most important source of law is the United States Constitution. All other law falls under and is subordinate to that document. No law may contradict the Constitution.
Federal law originates with the Constitution, which gives Congress the power to enact statutes for certain limited purposes like regulating interstate commerce.
State law
The fifty American states are separate sovereigns with their own state constitutions, state governments, and state courts (including state supreme courts).[37] They retain plenary power to make laws covering anything not preempted by the federal Constitution, federal statutes, or international treaties ratified by the federal Senate. Normally, state supreme courts are the final interpreters of state constitutions and state law, unless their interpretation itself presents a federal issue, in which case a decision may be appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court by way of a petition for writ of certiorari
All states have a legislative branch which enacts state statutes, an executive branch that promulgates发布state regulations pursuant按照to statutory authorization, and a judicial branch that applies, interprets, and occasionally overturns推翻，颠倒both state statutes and regulations, as well as local ordinances.法令法条Local law
States have delegated lawmaking powers to thousands of agencies, townships, counties, cities, and special districts. And all the state constitutions, statutes and regulations (as well as all the ordinances and regulations promulgated by local entities) are subject to judicial interpretation like their federal counterparts.[43]
∙ 4.1程序法4.1.1刑事诉讼程序♣
4.1.2民事程序♣
Ø 4.2实体法4.2.1刑法♣
4.2.2合同法♣
4.2.3侵权法♣
4 Types of law
1 4.1 Procedural law 4.1.1 Criminal procedure
4.1.2 Civil procedure
2 4.2 Substantive law 4.2.1 Criminal law
3 4.2.2 Contract law
4 4.2.3 Tort law。