2011届中考英语专题复习一：名词考点导学案【学习目标】：1.通过复习，学生能清楚名词的概念和用法；2.了解可数名词、不可数名词及名词所有格的构成及用法.3．名词变复数的方法；【学习重、难点】：名词的数及名词所有格。
【学习过程】：Step I 自主梳理根据名词的基本知识填空一、名词的数名词分为_______名词和_______名词。
可数名词有_______和_______两种形式。
1.复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“-s”构成，其主要变法如下：（1）一般情况在词尾加_____；（2）以s，x，ch，sh，结尾的词加_____；（3）以ce, se, ze,（d）ge结尾的名词加_____；（4）以辅音母加y结尾的词______________；（5）以o结尾加-es的词有________、_________、_________；（6）以f或fe 结尾的词，多数变_____________；（7）少数名词有不规则的复数形式，例如：man→______，woman→__________，tooth→_________，foo t→________，child→________，mouse→_________.【注意：man和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men和-women。
例如：an Englishman，two Englishmen。
但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；man, woman等作定语时，它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定，如：men workers，women teachers。
】有个别名词单复数一样，例如：Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，fish等。
但当fish表示不同种类的鱼时，可以加复数词尾。
（8）单数形式但其意为复数的名词有：people, police等。
（9）数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式，中间加连字符。
例如：10分钟的路程:_______________, 一个八岁的小女孩：_______________。
（10）还有些名词仅有复数形式，如：shoes，clothes，chopsticks，glasses，goods，pants等。
（11）只用作单数的复数形式的名词有：physics, maths，the United States, Niagara Falls,news等。
2．不可数名词“量”的表示方法：（1）可用_________, __________, _______________,___________, ___________等表示多少；（2）用a piece of 这类定语，如“一张纸”：a piece of paper, 如果要表示“两张纸”，则用_____________________.二、名词的所有格名词所有格，用来表示人或物的所有，以及领属关系。
1. 表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加________，其复数形式是________，例如：一个学生的房间：_______________，三个学生的房间：____________________.2. 如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加________，如：儿童节：___________________.3. 在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用's，例如：a twenty minutes' walk，ten miles' journey，a boat's length，two pounds' weight, ten dollars' worth。
4. 无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构，例如：一张中国地图：_______________,我们国家的首都：_________________,花的颜色：____________________.5. 双重所有格，例如：我爸爸的一个朋友：__________________________.【注意:如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示“分别有”，例如：John's and Mary's rooms（约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间）；Tom's and Mary's bikes（两人各自的自行车）。
两个名词并列，只有一个's，则表示“共有”，例如：John and Mary's room（约翰和玛丽共有一间）；Tom and Mary's mother（即Tom与Mary是兄妹）。
】StepⅡ实例解析1.These _________ have saved many children’s lives.A. woman doctorsB. women doctorC. women doctorsD. woman doctor 该题考查的是名词作定语时的变化。
woman 作定语时要和被修饰的名词保持数的一致。
2.This is _________ bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.A. Anne and JaneB. Anne’s and Jane’sC. Anne’s and JaneD. Anne and Jane’s 该题考查的是并列名词的所有格。
两人共有一个房间时，只在后面的名词后加’s。
3.---Are there any ________ on the farm? --Yes, there are some.A. horseB. duckC. chickenD. sheep该题考查的是特殊名词的复数形式。
从谓语动词来判断，主语应该是复数名词。
只有sheep可用作复数名词。
4.---What would you like to drink, ________ or orange? ---Orange, please.A. hamburgerB. chipC. tea该题考查的是名词的类别。
三种东西中只有tea能喝。
StepⅢ中考演练一. 单项填空1．--- Where have you been, Tim? --- I’ve been to ______.A. the Henry houseB. the Henry familyC. The Henry’s homeD. Henry’s 2．In England, if ____ is in the middle of the day, the evening meal is called supper.A. foodB. lunchC. breakfastD. dinner3．You looked for it twice, but you haven’t found it. Why not try ____ .A. three timesB. a third timeC. the third timeD. once4．--- They are thirsty. Will you please give them ______ ? --- Certainly.A. some bottles of watersB. some bottles of waterC. some bottle of waterD. some bottle of waters5．Mike hurt one of his ______ in the accident yesterday.A. toothB. feetC. handD. ear6．There is some _______ on the plate.A. cakesB. meatC. potatoD. pears7．In England, the last name is the _______ .A. family nameB. middleC. given nameD. full name8．The are going to fly _______ to Beijing.A. GermenB. GermanyC. GermanysD. Germans9．The______ has two _______ .A. boys; watchesB. boy; watchC. boy; watchesD. boys; watch 10．The little baby has two _______ already.A. toothB. toothsC. teethD. teeths11．What’s your _______ for being late again?A. ideaB. keyC. excuseD. news12．--- It’s dangerous here. We’d better go out quickly.--- But I think we should let _______ go out first.A. woman and childrenB. women and childC. woman and childD. women and children13．--- You can see Mr. Smith if there is a sign “_______ ”on the door of his shop.--- Thanks.A.ENTRANCEB.BUSINESS HOURSC.THIS SIDE UPD.NO SMOKING14．Are they going to have a picnic on _______ ?A. Children’s DayB. Childrens’s DayC. Childrens DayD. Children Day 15．Where are the students? Are they in _______ ?A. the Room 406B. Room 406C. the 406 RoomD. 406 Room二. 根据下列句子的情景及所给汉语注释，写出所缺单词。
1. We’ve got a lot of new ________(杂志) in our school library.2. Please turn to another Channel（频道）, I don’t like this _________(节目).3. Yesterday the _________(航班) to London was put off because of the bad weather. .4. Autumn is my favourite (季节)5. ---How many _______(小刀) do you have? ---Three.6. __________(电脑)are widely used in the modern world.7. June 1st is __________(儿童) Day.8. Mary, would you please tell me your new ________(地址) so that I can write to you.9. ---Does this piece of ______(音乐) sound nice? ---Yes. It’s wonderful!10. May 12th is the International _____(护士) Day. Let’s say “ Thanks” to them for their work.三. 根据句意和所给首字母写出所缺的单词。