专题复习七动词的时态基础知识梳理注意：现在完成进行时态在课文中出现过，学生可作基本了解。

现在完成进行时的构成：主语+ have/ has + been + 现在分词+其他（二）时态的应用及动词变化形式考点1：一般现在时考点2：一般过去时1. 用法: 表示过去的动作或状态2. 构成：was/were+表语；实义动词的过去式3. 标志词：a moment ago, just now, …ago, last night/week/month/year…., yesterday例如：I met him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上遇到他了。

His uncle went to Beijing last week. 上周他的叔叔去了北京。

注：在时间、条件状语从句中，常用一般过去时代替过去将来时。

例如：He said he would not go if it rained. 他说如果下雨他就不去了。

考点3：现在进行时1.用法：（1）表示现在（说话瞬间）正在发生的动作。

例：①They are watching TV now. 他们现在正在看电视。

②Listen! The bird is singing in the tree. 听！鸟儿正在树上唱歌（2）表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段一直进行的动作。

例：She is working in a factory. 她正在一家工厂工作。

（3）表示位置移动的动词，如come，go，leave，arrive等常用现在进行时表示最近即将发生的动作。

例：①I’m coming. 我这就来。

②We are leaving tomorrow. 我们将明天离开。

（4）现在进行时与always，all the time等副词或短语连用常表示某种强烈的感情。

例：Alice is always thinking of others. 艾丽斯总是想着别人。

2.3.常用时间标志词：now, Look! Listen! These days, at this moment, what are you doing,?【注意】(1)在含有时间状语从句的复合句中，延续时间较长的动作用过去进行时，另一个短暂性动作用一般过去时。

例如：My pen dropped on the ground when I was walking in the park.在公园散步的时候，我的钢笔掉到地上了。

(2)表示两个延续性动作在过去某一时刻同时进行，不考虑动作的先后顺序，主句和从句的谓语动词都用过去进行时，连词常用while。

例如：The students were reading while the teacher was grading their homework.学生们在看书，而老师在批改他们的家庭作业。

考点5：一般将来时1.一般将来时的构成：（1）will +动词原形(主语是第一人称时也可用shall +动词原形)（2）be (am, is, are) going to +动词原形2.一般将来时的用法：（1）表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。

常与tomorrow, soon, later, next time, in+一段时间等连用。

例如：I’ll start tomo rrow. 我明天动身。

（2）“be going to +动词原形”用于表示主观上打算将来要做某事，这种打算往往是事先安排好的或表示可能要发生或肯定要发生的事情。

例如：She has bought some cloth and she is going to make herself a dress. 她买了一些布，准备为自己做一件连衣裙。

【注意】考点6. 现在完成时1. 构成：have/has+动词的过去分词2. 用法:（1）表示说话之前已经完成了的动作，而且这个动作对现在仍有影响，常与already，yet，in the past few years等时间状语连用。

例：I have seen the film already. 我已经看过这部电影了。

（已知电影内容）（2）表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态，常与by now，so far，since, for等时间状语连用I have studied in the school since 2009. 自从2009年我就在这所学校学习。

3.用现在完成时来描述一个从过去一直延续到现在的动作时，其谓语动词一定要用延续性动词。

现在完成时中的时间状语表示的是一段时间时，句中的动词一定要用延续性动词。

考点7. 过去完成时1. 构成：主语+had+过去分词2. 用法：（1）表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作（即“过去的过去”）。

因此使用过去完成时必须以过去某一时间作为前提，通常用by, before短语或when, before, after, until等引导的从句来表示。

例如：After the sun had set, we decided to return home. 太阳落山以后，我们决定回家。

（2）用于宾语从句，从句表示在主句以前发生的动作。

She wondered who had left the door open. 她想知道是谁让门开着的。

考点8. 过去将来时(1)构成：①would + 动词原形②should + 动词原形③was/were + going to + 动词原形【注意】在由if引导的条件状语从句中，主句是过去将来时，if从句只能用一般过去时代替过去将来时。

例如：They said that they would go fishing if it didn’t rain the next day.【巧学妙记】should, would加原形，“过去将来”就构成。

过去将来不独立，经常用于“宾从句”。

过去认为将发生，过去将来时态用。

过去将来不单行，只可用于从句中。

【巩固练习】1. I saw Sam and David on the playground yesterday afternoon. They _______games with their classmates then. A. play B. will play C. are playing C. were playing2. John always _______others when they are in trouble.A. helpB. was helpingC. helpsD. helped3. —Where is Mr Black? I have something important to tell him.—You can’t find him. He _______ Hong Kong.A. will go toB. would go toC. has gone toD. has been to4.—Have you ever been to Shanghai? —Yes. I _______ there a few months ago.A. have beenB. wentC. have goneD. go5. —Shall we go shopping now? — Sorry, I can’t. I ________my shirts.A. washB. am washingC. washedD. have washed7. Bob ________the plants while his father was cooking dinner.A. will waterB. was wateringC. is wateringD. has watered8. I _______ my hometown for a long time. I really miss it!A. leftB. went away fromC. have leftD. have been away from9. There _______ some flowers on the teacher’s desk just now, but now there _______ nothing on it.A. have; hasB. were; wasC. were; isD. has; has10. —I called you at 4: 00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered.—Sorry, I _____ with my friends at that time. A. swim B. swam C. will swim D. was swimming11. —Do you have any plans for tonight? —Yes, I _________at the new Italian restaurant in town.A. eatB. have eatenC. ateD. am going to eat12. —I don’t know if Eric _______this Sunday. If he ________here, I’ll call you at once.A. will come; will comeB. come; comesC. comes; will comeD. will come; comes13. John and I ________to visit his grandparents last Sunday afternoon.A. goB. wentC. will goD. have gone14. I ________football quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.A. will playB. have playedC. playedD. play15. Look on the bright side of the life, and imagine that you _________ a happy and successful future.A. hadB. will haveC. haveD. have had16. We ________all our money on the clothes, so let’s walk home now.A. have spentB. spendC. spentD. are spending17. Don’t disturb Allen now. He _________for the Spelling Bee competition.A. preparesB. preparedC. is preparingD. will prepare18. Stop smoking, Joe! You _________(kill) yourself if you keep on doing it like that.19. They _____ friends since they met in Shanghai.A.have madeB. have becomeC. have beenD. have had20. We all know that ice ___________.A. feel cold B. is felt sold C. is feeling cold D. feels cold【链接中考】1.(2017.泰安) With the development of science and technology, robot cooks ______in ourfamilies in the future.A. appear B. appeared C. will appear D. is appearing 2.(2017. 烟台) —Look at my new smart phone.—Wow, it’s so cool. When and where _______you _______buy it.A. do; buyB. have; boughtC. did; buyD. have; had3. （2017.菏泽）—She _________ ten years ago．—You mean she ________ him for ten years？A. married；has got married toB. got married；has got married withC. got married；has been married withD. got married；has been married to4. (2017.莱芜) —I didn’t see your father yesterday when I went to your house.—Oh, he _________strawberries on the farm.A.PicksB. pickedC. was pickingD. has picked5. (2017. 潍坊) A little effort every day, you ________a big difference .A.makesB. madeC. have madeD. will make6. (2017.日照) New media, like WeChat, _________the way of communications nowadays.A. are changingB. will changeC. changedD. were changing7. (2017.东营) Since I came here, I __________(discover) something else interesting.In the future, I _________(go) to many other parts of China.、8. (2017.四川) —Did you hear someone knocks at the door just now?—Sorry, I __________ to my friend on the phone.9. (2016.滨州) A truth friend r________ for your hands and touches your heart.10. (2015.东营) while he______ (prepare) for the race, he fell ill suddenly and was sent to the hospital.11. （2014.东营动词填空）It was 7:30 in the evening, she (1)______ still______(work) in thefields. She is much busier than my father. Every day she (2)______(get) up early at 4:00 in the morning, and keeps on working till evening. One day I (3)______(call) her at eight in the evening. She said, “I’ve just got home from the vineyard and (4)______(not have) supper yet. I (5)______(wash) the clothes now.”12. (2013.东营）The Dongying-Hainan airline for about 5 months. I have taken the flightsthree times. A. is open B. has opened C. has been open D. has been opened13. （2012.东营）There a football match and a concert this weekend. Which one would youlike to go? A. is B. are C. will be D. will have14. （2010.东营）“I’ll pay him as soon as he the TV set to my home.” said the man.A. sendsB. sentC. is sendingD. will send15. （2014.聊城）—May I speak to Ann? —Sorry, she isn’t in. She ________France.A. has gone toB. has been toC. was going toD. goes to16. (2011.东营) I_______( wait) for the elevator when I heard the man call.17. (2010.淄博) Peter usually w_________ his clothes on weekends.18. (2013. 青岛）An advertisement sometimes ______________(lead) customers to buysomething they don’t need at all.19. （2013.滨州）—Shall I tell Tom the good news? —No, you needn’t. I ________(tell) himalready.20. (2016.北京) A new road __________(built) near my school next year.专题复习八语态纵观近几年东营的中考试题，语态题大多以动词填空形式出现，很少出现在单选。