机械原理英文词汇表周传喜编长江大学机械学院Chapter 1 Introduction第一章绪论1.mechanism 机构2.kinematical element 运动学元件3.link 构件4.cam 凸轮5.gear 齿轮6.belt 带7.chain 链8.internal-combustion engine 内燃机9.slider-crank mechanism 曲柄滑块机构10.piston 活塞11.connecting rod 连杆12.crankshaft 曲轴13.frame 机架14.pinion 小齿轮15.cam mechanism 凸轮机构16.linkage 连杆机构17.synthesis 综合Chapter 2 Structure analysis of mechanisms第二章机构的结构分析1. structural analysis 结构分析2. planar mechanisms 平面机构3. planar kinematical pairs 平面运动副4. mobile connection 可动连接5. transmit 传输6. transform 转换7. pair element 运动副元素8. higher pair 高副9. revolute pair 转动副10. sliding pair ,prismatic pair 移动副11. gear pair 齿轮副12. cam pair 凸轮副13. screw pair 螺旋副14. spherical pair 球面副15. surface contact 面接触16. kinematical chain 运动链17. closed chain 闭式链18. open chain 开式链19. driving links 驱动件20. driven links 从动件21. planar mechanism. 平面机构22. spatial mechanism 空间机构23. The kinematical diagram of a mechanism机构运动简图24. schematic diagram 草图25. kinematical dimensions 运动学尺寸26. fixed pivot 固定铰链27. pathway 导路28. guide bar 导杆29. profiles 轮廓30. the actual cam contour 凸轮实际廓线.31. polygon 多边形32. route of transmission 传递路线33. structural block diagram 结构框图34. Degree of Freedom (DOF) 自由度35. constraints 约束36. common normal 公法线37. compound hinge 复合铰链38. gear-linkage mechanism 齿轮连杆机构40. passive DOF 局部自由度41. redundant constraint 虚约束42. The composition principle and structural analysis组成原理与结构分析43. the basic mechanism 基本机构44. Assur groups 阿苏尔杆组45. inner pair 内副46. outer pairs 外副.47. composition principle of mechanism 机构组成原理48. kinematical determination 运动确定性Chapter 3 kinematic analysis of mechanicsms 第三章机构的运动分析1. velocity 速度2. acceleration 加速度3. parameter 参数3. graphical method 图解法4. analytical method 解析法5. experimental method 实验法6. instant center 瞬心7. classification of instant centers 瞬心的分类8. absolute instantaneous center 绝对瞬心9. relative instantaneous center 相对瞬心10. the method of instantaneous center 瞬心法11. the Aronhold-Kennedy theorem阿朗浩尔特-肯尼迪定理(即三心定理)12. the four-bar linkage 四杆机构13. inversion of the slider-crank导杆机构(曲柄滑块机构的倒置机构)14. complex mechanism 复杂机构，多杆机构Chapter 4 Planar Linkage Mechanicsms第四章平面连杆机构1.four-bar linkage 四杆机构2.crank-rocker mechanism 曲柄摇杆机构3.double-crank mechanism 双曲柄机构4.double-rocker mechanism 双摇杆机构5.Crashof’s criterion 格拉索夫判据6.Condition for having a crank 有曲柄的条件7.slider-crank mechanism 曲柄滑块机构8.offset distance 偏距9.offset slider-crank mechanism 偏置曲柄滑块机构10.in-line slider-crank mechanism 对心曲柄滑块机构11.rotating guide-bar mechanism. 转动导杆机构12.oscillating guide-bar mechanism 摆动导杆机构13.double rotating block mechanism 双转块机构14.crank and oscillating block mechanism 曲柄摇块机构15.variations 变异16.inversions 倒置17.transmission angle 传动角18.dead point 死点19.imbalance angle 极位夹角20.time ratio 行程速比系数21.quick-return mechanism 急回机构22.pressure angle 压力角23.toggle positions 肘节位置24.oldham coupling 联轴器25.flywheel 飞轮26.clamping device 夹具27.dimensional synthesis 尺度综合28.function generation 函数发生器29.body guidance 刚体导引30.path generation 轨迹发生器Chapter 5 Cam Mechanisms第五章凸轮机构1. contour 轮廓2. Follower 从动件3. Plate cam(or disc cam) 盘形凸轮4. Translating cam 移动凸轮5. Three-dimensional cam 空间凸轮6. cylindrical cam 圆柱凸轮7. Translating follower 直动从动件8. Oscillating follower 摆动从动件9. Camshaft 凸轮轴translating follower 对心直动从动件translating follower 偏置直动从动件follower 尖底从动件follower 滚子从动件follower 平底从动件cam mechanism 力封闭凸轮机构cam mechanism 形封闭凸轮机构行程angle for rise 推程角angle for outer dwell 远休止角angle for return 回程角angle for inner dwell 近休止角quasi-velocity 类速度quasi-acceleration 类加速度Velocity Motion Curve 等速运动规律impulse 刚性冲击Acceleration and Deceleration Motion Curve等加速等减速运动规律impulse 柔性冲击Acceleration Motion Curve (Simple Harmonic Motion Curve) 余弦加速度运动规律（简谐运动规律）Acceleration Motion Curve (Cycloid Motion Curve)正弦加速度运动规律（摆线运动规律）31.3-4-5 Polynomial Motion Curve 3-4-5多项式运动规律Motion Curves 组合运动规律cam contour 实际廓线pitch curve 理论廓线circle 基圆common normal 公法线offset 正偏置offset 负偏置envelope 外包络线envelope 内包络线locus of the centre of the milling cutter铣刀中心轨迹 Angle 压力角angle 锐角normal 法线allowable pressure angle 许用压力角of Curvature 曲率半径尖点根切angular lift 角行程干涉Chapter 6 Gear Mechanisms第六章齿轮机构1. constant transmission ratio 定传动比2. planar gear mechanisms 平面齿轮机构3. spatial gear mechanisms 空间齿轮机构4. external gear pair 外齿轮副5. internal gear pair 内齿轮副6. rack and pinion 齿条和齿轮7. spur gear 直齿轮8. helical gear 斜齿轮9. double helical gear 人字齿轮rack 直齿条rack 斜齿条gear mechanism 圆锥齿轮机构helical gears mechanism 螺旋齿轮机构and worm wheel mechanism 蜗杆蜗轮机构of Engagement of Tooth Profiles齿廓啮合基本定律 pitch point 节点pitch circle 节圆profiles 共轭齿廓ratio 传动比gear 渐开线齿轮radius of base circle 基圆半径line 发生线angle 展角of involute function 渐开线函数表啮合involute spur gears 标准渐开线直齿轮facewidth 齿宽circle (or tip circle) 齿顶圆circle (or root circle) 齿根圆circle 任意圆tooth space 齿槽spacewidth 齿槽宽pitch 齿距，周节reference circle 分度圆模数齿顶高齿根高depth 齿全高coefficient of addendum 齿顶高系数coefficient of bottom clearance 顶隙系数clearance 顶隙normal tooth 正常齿shorter tooth 短齿pitch 基圆齿距，基节pitch 法向齿距，法节point 共轭点meshing conditions 正确啮合条件pressure angle 啮合角backlash 齿侧间隙bottom clearance 顶隙reference centre distance 标准中心距ratio 重合度actual working profile 实际工作齿廓actual line of action 实际啮合线methods of involute profiles渐开线齿廓的加工方法 cutting 仿形法cutting 展成法或范成法milling cutter 盘形铣刀milling cutter 指状铣刀拉刀machines. 铣床shaper cutter 齿条插刀插齿滚齿cutter 齿条型刀具车床Interference 根切gears 变位齿轮modification coefficient 变位系数modified 正变位modified 负变位gearing equation without backlash 无侧隙啮合方程 helicoids 渐开线螺旋面transverse plane 端面normal plane 法面transverse contact ratio 端面重合度overlap ratio 轴向重合度virtual gear 当量齿轮virtual number of teeth 当量齿数thrust 轴向推力gearing 蜗杆传动右旋左旋阿基米德蜗杆helicoid worms ----ZI-worm 渐开线蜗杆worms -----ZC-worm 圆弧齿蜗杆worm 包络蜗杆number of threads 头数gears 圆锥齿轮cone 背锥gear 当量齿轮reference cone 分度圆锥gear 扇形齿轮outer cone distance 外锥距reference cone angle 分度圆锥角apexes 锥顶dedendum angle 齿根角cone angle 齿根圆锥角Chapter 7 Gear Trains第七章轮系1. gear train with fixed axes 定轴轮系2. epicyclical gear train 周转轮系3. elementary epicyclical gear trains 基本周转轮系4. combined gear trains 复合轮系5. planet gear 行星轮6. planet carrier 行星架,系杆,转臂7. sun gears 太阳轮,中心轮8. differential gear train 差动轮系9. the train ratio of a gear train 轮系传动比wheels 惰轮gear train 转化轮系efficiency of the gear train 轮系效率transmission 分路传动brake 刹车片clutch 离合器mechanism 负号机构mechanism 正号机构ratio condition 传动比条件condition 同心条件condition 装配条件reducer with small tooth difference少齿差行星减速器wheel planetary gearing摆线针轮行星传动drive gearing 谐波传动Chapter 8 Other Common Mechanisms 第八章其它常用机构1. ratchet mechanism 棘轮机构2. pawl 棘爪3. intermittent motion 间歇运动4. geneva mechanism 槽轮机构5. external geneva mechanism 外槽轮机构6. internal geneva mechanism 内槽轮机构7. geneva rack mechanism 齿条槽轮机构8. spherical geneva mechanisms 球面槽轮机构9. the ratio k between motion time and dwell time运动与停歇时间比k Index Mechanisms 凸轮式间歇运动机构Cam Index Mechanisms 圆柱凸轮式间歇运动机构Joints 万向联轴节Single Universal Joint 单万向联轴节Double Universal Joint 双万向联轴节Mechanisms 螺旋机构mechanisms 单螺旋机构screw mechanisms 复式螺旋机构cam mechanism 分度凸轮机构linkages 齿轮连杆机构Chapter 10 Balancing of Machinery第十章机械的平衡1. Vibration 振动2. Frequency 频率3. Resonant 共振4. Amplitudes 振幅5. Balancing of rotors 转子6. Rigid rotors 刚性转子7. Flexible rotors 柔性转子8. Balancing of mechanisms 机构的平衡9. Disk-like rotor 盘状转子rigid rotor 非盘状转子shaking force 振动力shaking moment 振动力矩of Disk-like Rotors 盘状转子的平衡imbalance 静不平衡balancing machine 静平衡机mass-radius product 质径积unbalanced 动不平衡planes 平衡基面balancing machine 动平衡机Allowance 许用不平衡量Chapter 11 Motion of Mechanical Systemsand Its Regulation第十一章机械系统的运转及其调节1. Periodic speed fluctuation 周期性波动2. punching machine 冲床3. Motion Equation of a Mechanical System机械系统的运动方程4. General Expression of the Equation of Motion运动方程的一般表达式5. the kinetic energy 动能6. the moment of inertia 转动惯量7. Dynamically Equivalent Model of a Mechanical System等效动力学模型8. the equivalent moment of inertia 等效转动惯量9. the equivalent moment of force 等效力矩equivalent link 等效构件泵鼓风机飞轮Chapter 12 Creative Design of Mechanism Systems 第十二章机械系统的创新设计1. prototype machine 样机2. Working cycle diagrams 工作循环图3. reference link 定标件4. Circular working cycle diagram 圆工作循环图5. Rectilinear working cycle diagram 矩形工作循环图6. Rectangular coordinate working cycle diagram直角坐标式工作循环图。