八年级上册Unit 3一、重点短语1 . more outgoing 更外向2. As…as…与…一样…3. the singing competition 唱歌比赛4. be similar to 与…相像的/类似的5. the same as 和…相同;与…一致6. be different from 与…不同7. care about 关心;介意8. be like a mirror 像一面镜子9. the most important 最重要的10. as long as 只要;既然11. bring out 使显现;使表现出12. get better grades 取得更好的成绩13. reach for 伸手取14. in fact 事实上;实际上15. make friends 交朋友16. the other 其他的17. touch one’s heart 感动某人18. be talented in music 有音乐天赋19. be good at 擅长…20. be good with 善于与…相处21. have fun doing sth. 享受做某事的22. be good at doing sth 擅长做某事23. make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事24. want to do sth. 想要做某事25. as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与…一样…26. It’s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说,做某事……的。
Section A Page 171. 两个事物进行比较可以用形容词或副词的比较级表达:(1) A + be+ 形容词比较级+ than +B (A比B更… )Jane is taller than Kate.(2) A + 动词+ 副词比较级+ than +B (A比B更… )Jane runs faster than Kate.2. 形容词的比较级的构成。
(1) 比较级一般在形容词后加_________, 如:tall—taller, short—shorter, old—older(2)以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词,应该_______________________, 如:funny—funnier, heavy—heavier.单音节词除外,如: shy— shyer(3)如果只有一个元音字母,并且后有一个辅音字母结尾,应该___________________________, 如:big—bigger, thin—thinner(4)多音节词的比较级,应该___________________, 如:outgoing—more outgoing, beautiful—morebeautiful(5)不规则词的变化需要死记:good/well---___________; bad/ill--____________, many/much---_________; little---________;far--_______3. (1) both….and…. 表“两者都”,连接两个主语时视为复数。
如:Both you or I ______ right. ( be ) 你和我都是对的(2) either...or…表“要么…要么…”,连接两个主语时,谓语动词遵守就近原则。
如:Either you or I ______ right. ( be ) 要么你要么我是对的4. both表“两者都”,all表“多者都”题:_______ of my parents are teachers. We are ________ in China.5. play the drums 打鼓(乐器前要加the,drum要用复数,架子鼓不止一个)6. heavy (1)重的 (2) 胖的,同义词为fat,反义词为thin.7. 反义疑问句:前面是陈述句,用来表达自己的观点,后面反问对方以证实自己的观点。
基本规律为前肯后否,前否后肯。
后面的附加疑问句的构成与改一般疑问句的方法相同。
如:① He isn’t a teacher, ___________ ? ② She can dance, _________ ?③ He likes English, __________?(1)反义疑问句的回答根据事实用Yes或No来回答,但前否后肯的很容易出错,可改成一般疑问句或前肯后否再作回答。
如;He can’t sing, ___________ ? ( 如果他能,怎么回答)----- _______________(2) this, that 和表物的不定代词做主语,用it代替;表人的不定代词用they来代替。
Something is wrong, __________ ? Everyone likes English, _____________ ?(3)反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词时,问句部分用肯定式。
如: There is litter water in the cup , __________ ?(4)反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时,陈述部分要视为肯定含义,问句部分用否定形式。
如:Your father is unhappy, ___________ ?(5)反意疑问句的陈述部分为I don't think+ that从句时,从句为否定意义,问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。
如:I don't think that you can do it, __________? (不用do I?)(6)陈述部分为Let's……时,因为此句型用来提建议,所以问句部分习惯上用shall we?如: Let's gohome together, shall we?(7)陈述部分为Let us……时,问句部分习惯上用will you?形式。
如:Let us stop to rest, will you?(8)陈述部分为祈使句,问句部分可以用will you和won’t you。
①Please open the window, won’t you? (肯定祈使句有时也可以用will you?提问)②Don't make any noise, will you? (否定祈使句只能用will you ?)1. 形容词和副词(1)形容词常译为“....的”。
①常放名词前,修饰名词,如:a good boy ②也可以放系动词后做表语,用来描述主语是怎么样的。
如:The boy is good.(2)副词常译为“…地”。
常放动词后,修饰动词,表“怎样地做某事”,很多副词以ly结尾,如 do well;run fast;get up early;talk loudly;speak quietly.2. 以ly结尾的副词和形容词,一般前面加more 构成比较级,但early和friendly 例外。
如:loudly→ more loudly,quietly →more quietly,early →earlier,friendly →friendlier3. 同级比较:表两事物是一样的,形容词和副词用原形。
(1)A +be +as +形容词原形 + as +B ( A和B是一样地…)Jane is as tall as Kate.(2)A +动词+as +副词原形 + as +B ( A和B做某事一样地…)Tara works as hard as Tina.(3) not as…as = not so…as表“不如...”, 常可以与比较级转换。
如:Jane is not as/so tall as Kate. (Jane不如Kate高。
)= Kate is taller than Jane. (Kate比Jane更高)3. the singing competition 唱歌比赛4. fantastic = great 好极了的 It was fantastic/ great5. Which 用来问“哪一个”,回答常用“The + 名词+描述性短语”,如:________ one was Lisa ? ---- The one with shorter hair. ( A. Who B. Which C. What )6. win ( won )赢,后接比赛、名词、奖品做宾语,如:He won the game. He won the first place.7. 不定式可以放be 动词后做表语,表“….是去做某事”,如The most important thing is to learn something new. 最重要的事是去学新的东西。
Their dream is _________ a bridge. ( have )My job was _______ chickens. (feed)8. learn something new 学习新的东西(形容词放不定代词后)9. have fun = enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得开心,过得愉快have fun doing sth. 在做某事中过得愉快 We have fun ________ English. ( learn )二、重点句子1.He has shorte r hair than Sam. 他的头发比萨姆的短。
than 比……(用于形容词,副词的比较级之后)当两个人或者物进行比较时,要用形容词的比较级。
“比较级+ tha n” 表示“比......更......”。
一般形容词或副词的比较级是在词后加-er。
但要注意比较的对象。
如:I am taller than Jim. 我比吉姆高。
His hair is shorter than Sam’s. 他的头发比萨姆的短。
This book is more interesting than that one.这本书比那本书有趣。
形容词和副词的比较级、最高级大多数形容词和副词有三个等级:1)原级(不作比较),修饰词very,so,too,pretty,really;2)比较级,表示“较……”或“更……”的意思(两者之间进行比较), 标志词than,A or B,of the two, 修饰词much,a lot,a little;3)最高级,表示“最……”的意思(三者或三者以上作比较),形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the,后面可带in(of)短语来什么比较的范围。