一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解The mayor of Flint offered Miss Michigan Emily Sioma high praise on Tuesday for speaking out at this weekend's Miss America conference about the city's water crisis."I was really excited for her to do that," Mayor Karen Weaver told TMZ. "I think she was very brave because so many times you say who you are and where you're from and just general information. For her to take that opportunity and use her platform and use her voice to speak up about what's going on in Michigan and in Flint, in particular, was just amazing."Emily Sioma, 24, introduced herself on stage on Sunday by saying, "From the state with 84 percent of the U. S. fresh water but none for its residents to drink. I am Miss Michigan Emily Sioma." The brief 'speech was a reference to Flint, a town with lead-filled drinking water.Weaver said Sioma's decision to speak about the Flint water crisis demonstrated her impressive character. "I applaud her for being a brave young woman. And it also shows you that she's not a selfish person," Weaver said. "She could have talked only about herself, but she chose to use this opportunity to bring attention to, and keep attention on, what's going on in Flint, what's going on with water quality standards what's going on with this broken infrastructure(基础设施) that we have across the country. "Ratings showed that 4. 3 million viewers watched the ABC program. Although Miss New York Nia Imani Franklin ultimately won the competition, many Twitter users quickly got behind Sioma, who did not make the final 15, after her introduction."Emily Sioma wanted to make an impact," one Twitter user wrote on Sunday. Regardless of whether you agree with what she said or not- she is shining light on a pressing issue that we have in our state and that is still not solved. That is a Miss America."（1）What does the underlined word "water crisis" refer to in Paragraph 1?A.Water transportation.B.Water shortage.C.Water reservation.D.Water quality.（2）How does the mayor find Emily Sioma?A.Curious and cautious.B.Brave and unselfish.C.Proud and admirable.D.Talkative and outgoing.（3）What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 5?A.Summarize the previous paragraphs.B.Introduce the ABC program.C.Emphasize Sioma's influence.D.Add some background information.（4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.The Mayor of FlintB.A Twitter VoiceC.The ABC CompetitionD.A Miss America【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Sioma在一次会议中大胆地提出了美国大城市用水质量存在的问题，Flint市的市长高度赞扬了她并认为她是一个勇敢且大公无私的人，网上的人们也表达了对此事的看法。
（1）考查词义猜测。
根据第三段中的“From the state with 84 percent of the U. S. fresh water but none for its residents to drink”该州拥有美国84%的淡水，但却没有可供居民饮用的水；和第四段中的“she chose to use this opportunit y to bring attention to, and keep attention on, what's going on in Flint, what's going on with water quality standards”她选择利用这个机会来引起人们的注意，并持续关注Flint正在发生的事情，水质标准正在发生的事情，可推知,Sioma在会议中提出了美国城市面临的水质问题,由此可知,此处画线词water crisis应指美国城市的水质问题，与D项意思相近。
故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“I applaud her for being a brave young woman. And it also shows you that she's not a selfish person.”我为她的勇敢喝彩。
这也表明她不是一个自私的人。
可知,市长认为Emily Sioma是一个勇敢时且大公无私的人。
故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。
通读第五段可知，虽然Sioma没有获得冠军,但是有许多人都支持她。
再结合第六段中的“Emily Sioma wanted to make an impact,” Emily Sioma想要制造影响；以及” one Twitter user wrote on Sunday. Regardless of whether you agree with what she said or not she is shining light on a pressing issue"一名Twitter用户周日写道。
不管你是否同意她所说的，她正在解决一个紧迫的问题）可推知，作者写第五段主要是为了强调Sioma 的影响力。
故选C。
（4）考查主旨大意。
通读全文可知,本文介绍了Sioma大胆地提出了美国大城市用水质量存在的问题, Flint市市长高度赞扬了她。
再根据最后一段中的“she is shining light on a pressing issue that we have in our state and that is still not solved. That, is a Miss America.”她在我们州的一个紧迫问题上发出了希望之光，而这个问题仍然没有得到解决。
这就是美国小姐。
可知，选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解Idioms are one of the hardest parts of learning a language. For those of you who don't know, an idiom is a phrase which has a meaning, but the meaning is not clear from the words themselves. If you translate an idiom word for word, it sometimes makes no sense at all. They are like puzzles and even native speakers can get confused when someone uses a phrase that they'venever heard of.With that in mind, here are five common English idioms that you can use in a variety of Situations.⒈Get your act together (Meaning: you need to improve your behaviour/work)This might be something your teacher says to you if you score badly in an exam or if you misbehave in class. You can also use it to talk about people in general. For example, if your friend is being mean or nasty for no reason, then you can tell them that they need to get their act together.⒉Pull yourself together (Meaning: calm down)This is a somewhat impolite way of telling someone that they are overreacting and that they need to relax. Only use this if you think the person you are speaking to is getting upset over something insignificant. If your friend tells you that their close relative has died, it is NOT the time to tell them to pull themselves together.⒊I'm feeling under the weather (Meaning: I'm sick)Yes, it's longer and more difficult to say than 'I'm sick', but if your English teacher asks you why you haven't done your homework, he or she is more likely to forgive you if you say that you were feeling under the weather. You may not have done your English homework, but your teacher might be impressed that you know how to make eloquent excuses in a foreign language.⒋It's a piece of cake (Meaning: it's easy)I don't know why this means what it does, but sometimes you just have to accept that English people use weird phrases.⒌Break a leg (Meaning: good luck!)This is perhaps one of the most confusing yet well-known English idioms. If someone says this to you, do not take offence or think they are threatening you; they are just wishing you luck. It is most often used for people wishing success to actors and actresses before they perform on the stage, but it can be said in other situations, too.All in all, learning a new language can be challenging. It's definitely not a piece of cake, especially when there are so many confusing idioms. However, with enough hard work and interest, you will succeed in no time. Break a leg!（1）Which idiom is proper for you to say to your worried classmate who is to take part in the 800-metre race at the school sports meet?A.Get your act together.B.Pull yourself together.C.Break a leg.D.It's a piece of cake.（2）How should you respond when you hear your deskmate say, "I am feeling under the weather."A."What's wrong with you?"B."Don't worry. Let's call 120."C."Get up and finish your homework."D."Why don't you take an umbrella with you?"（3）According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE about idioms?A.They sometimes make no sense at all.B.Native speakers have trouble understanding idioms sometimes.C.Idioms are the hardest part of learning a language.D.We can guess the meaning of an idiom from the words in it.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，习语是学习语言最困难的部分之一，作者列举了五个常见习语的用法。