2. If 可能被省略,从句要倒装
1.Were she in charge (= If she were in charge) , she would do things differently. 2.Had I known your address (= If I had known your address) , I would have written before. 3.Should you change your mind (= If you should change your mind), no one would blame you.
Part2
Wish
In Subjunctive mood
I wish I were as tall as you.
I wish I were a butterfly.
I wish every day were my birthday.
I wish I hadn’t eaten so much watermelon.
3. 与将来事实相反： did/were should do If 主语 + were to do , would /should/could/might do 主语+ ____________________________ sth. 1.If I were to/should ________________ live long enough to have would choose a job, I _______________ to be a doctor, helping these AIDS patients. (choose) should be 2.If there ____________ another flood, he ______________ his mistake. (realize) might realize
3.不含条件从句, 但有条件假设意义
1.Without your help, I couldn’t have achieved all this. ( If it hadn’t been for your help)
2uld starve.
( If it were not for his pension)
Exercise：
should do 1.He suggested that we ________ it at once.(do) was 2.His pale face suggested that he _______ ill. (be) 3.We insisted that the meeting should be put ____________ off.( put) stole 4.Mike insisted that he __________ nothing.(steal)
虚拟语气用于表语从句，同位语从句中。 名词advice, order, demand, proposal, command, requirement, insistence, suggestion, request 等的表语从句和同位语从句 要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词的构成是(should) +动 词原形 We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for our summer vocation.
虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法
主从 成 句 时态 与现 在事实 相反的 假设 构
虚拟条件 从句(if …) If + 主语 + did (be用 were) If + 主语 + had done
主 句
主语 + would/ should/could/ might +do 主语 + would/ should/could/ might have done
7 ___ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A If were I B I were C Were I D Was I 8 Without the computer, the problem __ in such a short time. A couldn’t be solved B wouldn’t have solved C couldn’t have been solved 9 Without electricity, human life __ quite different today. A will be B would be C is
1．Without examinations，students today _______________ (live) a much happier life. would live 2.I was busy yesterday, or/otherwise I ____________________ (come) to help you. would have come 3.He__________________________ could have succeeded, (succeed), but he was too careless.
虚拟语气
用来表示说的话不是事实， 或者是不可能发生的情况， 是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气。
Part 1
在非真实条件状语从句中 If… … , … … 。 1. 与现在事实相反： would/should/could/ did/were If + 主语 +________ , 主语+ ________________ _________ . might do If I had time now, Iwould go with you. (have, _____ _________ go)
4 You are late. If you __ a little minutes earlier, you __ him. A came, would meet B had come, would have met 5 But for the storm, we __ a pleasant journey. A should have B have had C would have D should have had 6 ___ earlier, I could have done something. A Have I been informed B Had I been informed C I had been informed
2. 与过去事实相反： If +主语+__________, 主语+ __________________ had done would/should/could ___________ /might have .done
If Ihad not studied hard, I _______________ in the _____________ would have failed exam. (not study, fail)
told//were to tell 5. If I _______________________ (tell) him tonight,
//should tell
would be he __________ (be) greatly surprised. would ask 6. I ___________ (ask) him to ring you up if I saw // should see // were to see (see) him. ____________________________ got//should get //were to tell 7. If you _____________ (get) back next week, we would go _________ (go) camping together.
Note : 有时不用条件状语从句, 而用介词短语, or, otherwise 或but 引导的并列句等来表示某种假设 的情况, 叫做含蓄条件句。
Exercise：
1 If he had not lost his money, he __ the piano last week. A would buy B had bought C bought D could have bought 2 If we were to be 200 years old, we __ everything. A will change B can change C could change D changed 3 If you __ that film last night, you would not be so sleepy now. A didn’t see B haven’t seen C wouldn’t seen D hadn’t seen
与过 去事实 相反的 假设
时态
构 主从 成句 虚拟条件从句(if…)
主 句 主语 + would/ should/ could/ might do
与将 来情况 相反的 假设
①If + 主语 + did ② If + 主语 +were to do ③ If + 主语 + should do
Practice
Part 3
1)as if / as though
as if / as though + past subjunctive
He talks about Rome as though he had been there himself.