七大特殊单词重音规则1. 英语中派生词的重音和词根重音一致。
派生词就是一些有同样词根的词。
比如:act, active, actively com'pare com'parison2. 带有下列后缀的词:-ary, -ery, -ory, -ism, -ist, -mony, -ment, -ary等,重音通常在第一个音节上。
例如:customary scientist slavery factory realism3. 带下列前缀的词:a-, ab-, ac-, ad-, al-, be-, con-, de-, dis-, em-, en-, in-, mis-, re-, tans-, un-重音通常在第二音节上。
例如:a'bout ab'duce ac'cede ad'mire be'long con'sult de'tect dis'like4. 带下列后缀的词:-aim, -ain, -cur, -eem, -duce, -ere, -firm, -gn, -oin, -oke, -ose, -pt, -rce, -self, -ume重音通常在第二音节。
contain occur sincere design confirm5. 带下列后缀的词:-ade, -ain, -ee, -eer, -esque, -ette, -ique, -ine, -oon重音通常在最后一个音节。
这些词一般都是从法语中借来的词。
例如:emplo'yee an'tique maga'zine ci'gar volun'teer gaso'line6. 带下列后缀的词:-eous, -ial, -ian, -ic, -ics, -ient, -ion, -ious, -ish, -it, -liar, -sive, -tal, -uous重音通常在倒数第二音节上。
例如:oc'casion re'lation as'tonish de'posit mu'sician7. 但是有些派生词,比如从名词派生出来的形容词,它的重音就得发生变化,通常是后移。
例如:'science scien'tific 'accident acci'dental 'democrat demo'cratic 'politics po'litical其实,英语词汇的重音位置通常是有规律的。
例如:有些双音节词汇做名词时重音往往落在首音节上;而做动词时,重音就落在第二音节上了。
这些词汇常见的有:addict,accent,abstract,annex等。
可见,掌握好并读准单词的重音有一定的规律可循。
为了便于记忆和学习,现将部分规则按重音位置和字母顺序作如下归纳,并从理论上进行简要分析。
一、归类部分.重音落在末音节的字母组合①以-ee结尾,读音为/i:/的词汇:appellee chimpanzee conferee contestee decree drawee evacuee em-ployee goatee grandee guarantee indictee inductee②以-act结尾,读音为/aekt/的词汇,多为动词:contact contract detract distract exact enact intact interact③-air,-aire或-are结尾,读音为/eə/的:affair concessionaire enclair millionaire aware prepare ④以-ade结尾,读音为/eid/的词汇:arcade brigade colonnade escalade escapade (exception:decade)⑤以-ane结尾,读音为/ein/的词汇:inane insane profane humane⑥以-ceive结尾,读音为/si:v/的动词:conceive deceive perceive receive⑦以-duce结尾,读音为/dju:s/的词汇:conduce deduce induce introduce reduce reproduce subduce traduceseduce⑧以-ease结尾,读音为/zi:z/或/zi:s/的词汇:appease decease decrease disease increase predecease release sub-lease surcease⑨以-een结尾,读音为/i:n/的名词:colleen canteen pretteen Salween shagreen thirteen spalpeenvelevteen yestreen⑩以-eer结尾,读音为/niə/的名词:cannoneer compeer domineer engineer fronteer gadgeteer gazetterpamphleteer patrioteer(11)以-ect结尾,读音为/ekt/的动词:affect bisect collect defect direct detect correct confect connectdisinfect eject elect(12)以-ede结尾,读音为/i:d/的动词:accede antecede concede impede intercede precede recede retrocedesecede supercede(13)以-end结尾,读音为/end/的动词:attend amend commend comprehend contend defend depend extendintend represend subtend(14)以-el结尾,读音为/el/的词汇:compel impel Nobel marcel propel rebel(v.)(15)以-ert结尾,读音为/ə:t/的词汇:assert concert convert desert introvert subvert(16)以-ese结尾,读/i:s/或/i:z/的词汇:Chinese Japanese Napalese sudanese telegraphese vietnamese(17)以-clude结尾,读音为/klu:d/的动词:conclude exclude include occlude preclude seclude (18)以-esce结尾,读音为/es/的词汇:coalesce deliquesce effloresce evanesce recrudesce (19)以-ess结尾,读音为/es/的动词:compress confess depress express impress profess redress represssuppress transgress若不是动词,以-ess结尾,的词汇之重音位置不固定:'progress 'congress pro'cess un'less(20)以-est结尾,读音为/est/的动词:adjest congest contest digest infest protest suggest (21)以-ette结尾,读音为/et/的词汇:cassette cigarette brunette coquette chemisette forssette frisettegazette grisette(22)以-form结尾,读音为/fɔ:m/的动词:conform perform reform transform(但uniform是名词)(23)以-ict结尾,读音为/ikt/的动词:afflict conflict constrict contradict inflict predict restric (24)以-ide结尾,读音为/aid/的词汇:aside astride beside confide divide provide reside subside(25)以-ign结尾,读音为/ain/的动词:assign condign design consign resign(26)以-ire结尾,读音为/aiə/的动词:conspire esquire expire desire inquire inspire require respire(27)以-lapse结尾,读音为/aeps/的词汇:collapse prolapse relapse(28)以-mit结尾,读音为/mit/的词汇:admit commit demit emit intermit omit permit pretermit remitsubmit transmit(若是名词,重音落在首音节,如:'limit 'summit 'vomit)(29)以-ort结尾,读音为/ɔ:t/的动词:disport distort escort export import report retort support trans-port(若是名词,重音多落在首音节:escort export import bistort purport等。
)(30)以-ore结尾,读音为/ɔ:/的词汇:afore before deplore explore restore(31)以-pose结尾,读音为/pəuz/、/pəus/的动词:depose decompose expose impose interpose oppose indispose predis-pose propose suppose(32)以-scribe结尾,读音为/skraib/的词汇:conscribe describe escribe prescribe subscribe transcribe(33)以-scend结尾,读音为/send/的词汇:ascend condescend descend transcend(34)以-oon结尾,读音为/u:n/的词汇:afternoon balloon buffoon cartoon cocoon decocoon dragoon festoongalloon octoroon pocaroon (exception:forenoon)(35)以-que结尾,读音为/k/的词汇:antique boutique blottesque burlesque arabesque cacique critiquegrotesque Japanesque mystique (36)以-r结尾,现在分词和过去分词均要双写r(-red,-ring):demur incur inter infer occur prefer recur refer transfer (37)以-uct结尾,读音为/akt/的词汇:conduct construct deduct instruct obstruct product (38)以-ult结尾,读音为/alt/的词汇:consult exult insult occult midcult result(39)以-ume结尾,读音为/ju:m/的词汇:assume consume perfume presume subsume(40)以-use结尾,读音为/ju:s/或/ju:z/的词汇:accuse confuse excuse perfuse refuse suffuse transfuse(41)以-ure结尾,读音为/juə/的词汇:accure impure immure insecure insure inure mature obscure per-dure procure secure(exceptions:'epicure 'manicure)2.重音落在倒数第二个音节的字母组合:①以-ial结尾,读音为/ʃəl/、/iəl/或/jəl/的词汇:/ʃəl/:confidential decrial existential impartial inferential inffluentialinitial prejudicial sacrificial substantial/iəl/:authorial bimestrial colloquial gressorial material mercurialministerial motorial pictorial prefatorial tectorial visitorial/jəl/:antimonial bicentennial colonial②以-ian结尾,读音为/ʃən/、/iən+n/、/j+n/的词汇:/ʃən/:academician arithmetician acoustician electrician Eurasian Lin-guistician musician Persian politician practician/iən/、/jən/:Cantabrigian collegian Colombian historian rosarian salu-tatorian subclavian③以-ia结尾,读音为/jə/的词汇:国名、地名:Australia Ethiopia Indonesia Malaysia Mauritania Roma-nia医学:abulia achromatopsia acidemia acrophobia aerophobia bilharziainsomnia其他:academia acedia cryptomeria razzia encyclopedia④以-ic结尾,读音为/ik/偶或包括以-ics结尾的词汇:atomatic atmospheric autarkic autographic ballistic climatic cosmeticenteric epidemic⑤以-ior结尾,读音为/i+/的词汇,形容词居多:inferior junior posterior prior senior superior ulterior ⑥以-it结尾,读音为/it/的词汇:cohabit demerit discredit discomfit decrepit deposit explicit dispiritdisinherit inspirit inherit inhabit inhibit reposit transit visit⑦以-scence(n.)或-scent(adj)结尾:acescence acquiescence deliquescence convalescence evanescence obso-lescence reminiscence renascence decrescent marcescent pubescent re-crudescent quiescent resipiscent suffrutescent⑧以-ion或-sion结尾:accusaion abolition confusion explosion decision impression persua-sion excitation suggestion invitation3.重音落在倒数第三个音节的字母组合:①以-fy结尾,读音为/fai/的动词:acidify identify intensify emulsify lapidify personify qualify modifyprettify simplify transmogrify②以-ical结尾,读音为/ikl/的词汇:academical chemical electrical political periodical encyclical teleologi-cal inimical theoretical technological③以-icide结尾,读音为/isaid/的词汇:suicide aborticide acaricide foeticide fratricide herbicide infanticideliberticide uxoricide④以-itude结尾,读音为/itju:d/的词汇:attitude decrepitude infinitude lassitude latitude platitude⑤以-ity结尾,读音为/iti/的词汇:ability curiosity civility facility fragility opportunity personalitypossibility sensitivity simplicity speciality utility vanity whimsicality⑥以-graph或-phy结尾,读音为/grəf/或/fi/的词汇:aerography bibliography biography calligraphy chirography geographylexicography photography planography telegraphy theosophy philosophy⑦以-ology结尾,读音为/ɔlədʒ/的词汇:aerology bibliology bryology crytology ecology Egyptology lexicologytechnology pestology psychology testaceology teleology theology zoology ⑧以-otomy结尾,读音为/ɔtəmi/的词汇:neurotomy tenotomy tracheotomy trichotomy⑨以-ular结尾,读音为/julə/的词汇:biangular binocular consular insular intercelluar ocular orbicularpopular particular secular regular triangular4.词汇加了前缀后的重读位置①重读落在第一音节的词汇,加前缀后,重读位置不变:'dazzle—be'dazzle 'operate—co'operate'force—en'force 'logical—il'logical'literate—il'literate 'constant—in'constant②重读落在第二音节的词汇,加前缀后,原重读位置不受影响,但前缀的字母组合作为一个音节可重读或次重读:pro'duce—'repro'duce'graduate—'post'graduate'national—'inter'nationalim'pressionism—'neo-imp'ressionism (the only exception:'finite—'infinie)。