常用速记符号一、大写字母或第一音节农业 A商业 B文化 C民主 D经济 E金融 F政府G卫生H工业I知识K文学L旅游T政治P通货膨胀Q改革R科学S不同意N同意Y合同/协议U (在U中填入1表示: Unilateralism单边主义; bilateral在U内填入2; trilateral 填入3; multiple填入m; 如果在U上加一个×表示谈判破裂。

)胜利/成就V工作/职业W人/者Z (worker：Z在字母W后面, employer: Z在字母W上方, employee: Z在字母下方表示)。

教育：Edu 环境：En 科技：ST二、符号/图象（箭头、数学符号、标点符号）& 和、与、及and＋强、好、多many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of,＋＋或+2 更强、更好、更多：more;＋＋＋或+3 表示"多"的最高级：most－弱、差、少little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of , ，――更弱、更差-2=less, -3=least, lack of, short of×错误、失误、坏、不同意、否定wrong/incorrect，something bad，notorious，negative, disagree√正确、对、好、同意、肯定= 是、同等、等于、意味着means，that is to say，in other words，the same as，be equal to, stand for, refer to, as…as,≠不同，不等于be different from,（）表示"在……之间"，包括：among, within,～或≈约等于, 大约about/around，or so, approximately, some, nearly, almost, similar to＞多于，超过surpass, transcend, overtake，more than, greater than, bigger than, better than, superior＜小于、少于,比……低一级等，less than, lower than, smaller than, inferior to≤小于或等于≥大于或等于∧或‖表示转折，但是／（划在字面上）否定，清除，解决：clear, settle, solve, tackle, conquer, eliminate, extinct ∥或句号。

表示"结束"：end，stop，halt，bring sth to a standstill/stop☺高兴、荣幸,开心☹遗憾、悲哀, 生气=＞结论是↑上升、增加，增长，进步等，如：increase, soar, mushroom, rocket, make progress↓下降，减少，退步，恶化等，如decrease, sink, slide, subside, plump, plunge, dropdegrade, deteriorate∵因为∴所以★优秀∈属于∑总计,总数,总和♀女人,雌,母♂男人,雄,公℃度,温度→将来,导致、结果←过去,原因,来源上一个台阶下一个台阶↑↑越来越强等↓↓越来越弱等↑↓或↓↑双向交流↗促进、发展. / 一方面/.另一方面⊙会议，会面,会谈,如conference, meeting, seminar, symposiumO 国际的、世界的、全球的等:international, worldwide, global, universal, etc.□国家地区如：中国：□C，俄国：□R□/□国与国>< 对立、冲突＜＜或M 波折∩进入∞接触、交往,交流⊥分歧,差异！重要，关键，奇观** 或！！非常、十分重要≡或！！！坚持@ 有关在，邮箱∽替换为∥与……比较而言，竞争对手，如: competitor, rival, opponent, enemy, counterpart $ (￥￡) 金钱，利益,资金，如：interest, benefit, money, fund, capital△代表X 时间XX经常,+X时间、多;－X时间短、少；X！时间已到，期限；2X时间加倍；X→未来；←X 过去；X 现在：主观想法和说辞，表示各种"说"的动词：think, consider, speak, say, talk, mark, announce, declare, state, explain问题，麻烦，障碍：question，issue，difficult, hardship, barrier, obstacle.时间前后：点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样".d"表示yesterday, ".y"表示last year, ".2m"表示two month ago."y"表示this year, "y2." two year later"next week", 可以表示为"wk." 如去年.y，明年y., 后天d2.，前天.2d，两周后w2. ! 或☆重要：important，exemplary（模范的）best，outstanding，brilliant，etc.w/ = withw/o = without％百分比℃温度，上。

表示可表示各种“度”﹟确认三、简写缩略（注意大小写）1．拿掉所有元音MKT marketMGR managerMSG messageSTD standardRCV receive２．保留前几个字母INFO informationINS insuranceEXCH exchangeIOU I owe youI/O Instead ofIO import and export３．保留开头和结尾的发音字母WK weekRM roomPL people４．根据发音R areU youTHO thoughTHRU through-ism -m 例如：socialism Sm-tion -n 例如：standardization stdn-cian -c例如：technician techo-ing -g 例如：marketing MKTg-ed -d 例如：accepted acptd-able/ible/ble -bl 例如：available avbl-ment -mt 例如：amendment amdmt-ize -z 例如：recognize regz-ful -fl 例如：meaningful mnfl 5. 常用速记缩略表缩略词表1APT ApartmentACC AccountantACDG AccordingACPT AcceptAD AdvertisementADS AddressADV AdviceAMAP As much/many as possibleAMT AmountAPV ApproveASAP As soon as possibleBAL BalanceBLDG BuildingCERT CertificateCFM ConformCNCL CancelCNF ConferenceCMI CommissionCMP CompleteCMPE Compete/competitiveCMU CommunicationCONC Concern/concerning/concernedCOND ConditionCO. Company/corporationDEPT DepartmentDISC DiscountDPT DepartureEXCH Exchange EXPLN ExplainEXT ExtentFLT FlightFNT FinalFRT FreightFYR For your reference GD GoodGUAR GuaranteeH.O. Home office INFO Information IMPS ImpossibleIMP（T）Important INCD IncludeINDIV IndividualINS InsuranceINTST InterestedI/O Instead ofIOU I owe youIVO In view ofLTD limitedMANUF Manufacture MDL ModelMEMO Memorandum MGR ManagerMIN MinimumMKT MarketMSG MessageNCRY NecessaryNLT No later than OBS ObserveOBT ObtainORD OrdinaryPAT PatentPC Piece ,computer PKG PackingPL PeoplePLS PleasePOSN PositionPOSS（BL）Possible PROD ProductQLTY QualityQUTY QuantityRCV ReceiveREF ReferenceREGL RegularREP Representative RESN Reservation RPT Repeat RESPON Responsible SEC Section SITN Situation STD Standard TEL Telephone TEMP Temporary TGM Telegraph THO Though TKS Thanks TRD TradeTRF TrafficTTL TotalU YouUR YourWK WeekWL WillWT WeightXL Extra large缩略词表2Abbr/ abbrev: abbreviation缩写AD anno domini公元a．m．上午Apr April四月Aug August八月Ave Avenue街BA Bachelor of Arts文(科)学士BBC British Broadcasting Corporation英国广播公司团BC before Christ公元前BSC Bachelor of Science理(科)学士Cf compare比较CIA(US) Central IntelligenceAgency中央情报局cl centilitre(s)厘升cm centimetre(s)厘米Co company公司county郡，县Corp(US)Corporation公司cv curriculum vitae简历Dec December十二月Dept department部门Dip diploma文凭Dr doctor博士，医生EC European Community欧洲共同体eg for example例如esp especially尤其etc et cetera；等等ext extension number of a telephone 电电话分机号码F Fahrenheit华氏FA (Brit)Football Association(英国)足球协会FBI (US) Federal Bureau ofInvestigation联邦调查局fig figure，illustration数字；图形FM frequency modulation调频Fri Friday星期五ft foot，feet英尺g(also gr or gm)gram(s)克gall gallon(s)加仑GB Great Britain大不列颠GMT Greenwich Mean Time格林威治标准时ha hectare(S)公顷hr(pl hrs)hour小时Hz hertz赫兹ID identification；identity身份证明ie that is；in other words换句话说，也就是，即IMF International Monetary Fund国际货币基金组织lnc(US)Incorporated股份有限的IQ intelligence quotient智商ISBN International Standard BookNumber国际标准书号Jan January～月Jul July七月Jun June六月kg kilogram(s)千克KHz kilohertz千赫(兹)km kilometre(s)千米，公里kph kilometres per hour每小时…公里kW(also kw)kilowatt(s)千瓦Lieut(also Lt)Lieutenant中尉Ltd(Brit)Limited(英国)有限的MA Master of Arts文学硕士Mar March三月max maximum最大值Messrs Messieurs先生MHZ megahertz兆赫(兹)Min l．minimum最小；2．minute(s)分钟ml millilitre(s)毫升mill millimetre(s)毫米Mon Monday星期一IMP(Brit)Member of Parliament国会议员mpg miles per gallon每加仑…公里mph miles per hour每小时…公里MSC Master of Science理学硕士mth(US mo) month月份NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization北大西洋公约组织No/#)(pl Nos，nos)number号Oct October十月OPEC Organization of PetroleumExporting Countries欧佩克，石油输出国组织oz．ounce(s)盎司P(pl pp)page页par(also para)paragraph段PC personal computer个人电脑PhD Doctor of Philosophy哲学博士pl(grammar)plural复数p．m．下午PO Post Office邮局PR public relations公共关系qt quart(s)夸脱RAF(Brit)Royal Air Force英国皇家空军Rd road大道ref reference参照Sen l．Senator参议员；2．(also Snr，Sr) Senior年长的Sq square(measurement)平方St l．Saint圣…；2．street…街Sun Sunday星期日t(US tn)ton(s)吨TB tuberculosis肺结核tel telephone(number)电话(号码)Thur(also Thurs)Thursday星期四TOEFL(US)Test of English as a Foreign Language托福考试Tue(also Tues)Tuesday星期二TV television(set)电视(机)，UFO unidentified flying object不明飞行物UK United Kingdom英国UN United Nations联合国US/USA 美国USSR(until1991)苏联V volt(s)伏特VCR video cassette recorder录像机VIP 非常重要的人物，要人vol(pl vols)volume卷vs … against对，比W 1.watt(s)瓦特；2．west(ern)西WC water closet厕所，洗手间Wed Wednesday星期三XL extra large(size)特大yd(pl yds)yard码yr(pl yrs)year年缩略词表3AQ Adversity Quotient逆境商数，指一个人处理逆境的能力。