三、将定语从句变为简单句 (提高部分)
1)当定语从句是主动语态并且用的是进行时态时， 可将定语从句改为现在分词短语；当定语从句中 的谓语动词是表示经常性的动作时，可将定语从 句改为现在分词短语。如： The man who is talking with Mary is my brother. talking with →The man _____ _____Mary is my brother. A chemist’s shop is a shop which sells medicine. medicine →A chemist’s shop is a shop selling _____ _____.
2) 含有so …that …引导的结果状语从句（肯定）的复合句 用“…enough +不定式”结构可以将变为简单句。例如： 1. The girl is so tall that she can reach the apples on the tree. tall enough to reach →The girl is _____ _____ _____ _____the apples on the tree. 2.This hall is so large that it can hold 2000 people. to _____ hold 2000 people. →This hall is large enough _____ _____ 3. The table was so light that the little boy can carry it. light _____ enough for the little boy _____ →The table was _____ _____ to carry.
二、将状语从句变为简单句
1) 含有so…that引导的结果状语从句(否定)的复合 句用“too…to…”结构可以转成简单句。如： 1. The boy is so young that he can’t look after himself. too young to →The boy is _____ _____ _____look after himself. 2. The question is so difficult that I can’t answer it . too difficult for me_____ to →The question is _____ _____ _____ answer. 注意：第2句的主从句主语不一致， 用for +sb.(宾格)连接
4)用名词或名词短语改写。如： Do you understand what I said？ my words → Do you understand _____ _____ ？ Can you tell me what he means? his meaning → Can you tell me _____ _____ ？
8)把时间状语从句转化为一个介词短语。如： I could swim when I was eight years old. →I could swim _____ _____ _____ the age _____eight. at of He went home after he finished his work. →He went home _____ _____ his work.
复合句改为简单句
一、将宾语从句变为简单句
1)用“及物动词+不定式”结构可以将含有that引导 的某些宾语从句的复合句转换成简单句。例如： 1. He decided that he would buy a digital camera online. to buy →He decided_____ _____ a digital camera online. 2. We hoped that we would come back soon. to come →We hoped _____ _____ back soon. 3. I expect that I shall finish my work by this Sunday. to finish →I expect _____ _____my work by this Sunday.
after finishing
另外：时间状语从句之间可以相互转化 when/before/after → not…until John will go to bed after he finishes his homework. won’t ______ go until he → John ______ to bed ______ finishes his homework. He stopped playing the game when his father came back. didn’t _____playing stop He _____ the game _____ until his father came back.
5)if条件状语从句可为转换“祈使句，and/or+简单 句.”。肯定可转换为"祈使句+and+简单句"。否 定可转换为"祈使句+or+简单句"；如： If you use your head, you’ll find a way. Use and you’ll find a way. →_____your head, _____ If you aren't brave, you'll lose your chance. Be brave or you'll lose your → _____ _____Be brav些含有状语从句的复合句用作表语的形 容词+不定式可以转变成简单句。例如： 1. I was glad when I heard the good news . glad _____ to hear →I was _____ _____the good news. 2. Tom’s parents were very surprised as they knew all about it. very surprised →Tom’s parents were _____ _____ _____ to know all about it.
2)当定语从句是被动语态时，可将定语从句改为过 去分词短语；当定语从句是表示将要发生的动作 或具体某种情态意义时，可将定语从句变为不定 式短语。如： This is a book which was written by a worker. →This is a book _____ _____ written by a worker. There is a lot of homework that we should do. for us _____ to →There is a lot of homework _____ do . _____
2)用“疑问词+不定式“结构可以将某些含有连接代 词或连接副词引导的宾语从句转换简单句。例如： 1.I don’t know which one I can buy . one _____ to _____. buy →I don’t know which _____ _____ 2.We wonder where we’ll go this Sunday. to _____ go this Sunday. →We wonder where _____ _____ 3.Could you please teach me how I can search the Internet? how _____ to →Could you please teach me _____ _____ the Internet? search
3)用复合宾语，即"主语+谓语+宾语+宾补"这 种结构语改写。如： I saw he went into that house just now ． go into him _____ → I saw _____ _____ that house just now． I heard she was singing in English． her singing → I heard _____ _____ in English．
宾语从句
疑问词+ to do
1. He hasn’t decided which seat he should take. which seat to take He hasn’t decided__________________________.
2. I really don’t know where I can find my lost key.
6)because引导的原因状语从句与because of的转 换。如： He was late for school because it rained heavily. because of heavy →He was late for school _____ _____the _____ rain. 7)if not引导的条件状语从句转化为without短语。 如： I can’t pass the exam if you don’t help me. help →I can’t pass the exam without _____ your _____.
注意：第3句的主从句主语不一致， 用for +sb.(宾格)连接
3) 含有so that 引导的目的状语从句的复合句用“in order +不 定式”或“so as +不定式”结构可以转换为简单句。如： 1. She decided to buy a camera online so that she could receive it soon. in _____ order _____ to →She decided to buy a camera online _____ receive it soon. so as to 2. I went over my composition again and again so that I couldn’t make any mistakes. in →I went over my composition again and again _____ order_____ not _____ to _____ make any mistakes. so as not to 3.Marybought a camera so that she could take pictures in Beijing. in _____ order _____ to →Mary bought a camera _____ take pictures in Beijing. so as to