Whatever and whoever
Whatever ＝ anything that Whoever ＝ anyone who
不管是谁犯了法，他都应该受到惩罚。
Whoever breaks the law should be punished。 ＝Anyone who breaks the law should
主语从句的规律： 例4. That whether he will help others
is a fact. 正：That he will help others is a fact.
规律四、主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用。
主语从句的规律：
例5. When he will come are a puzzle. 正：When he will come is a puzzle. 规律五、含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用 单数第三人称形式。
主语从句的规律： 例3. If the meeting will be put off
has not been decided yet. 正： Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
规律三、whether 可以引导主语从句， 放在句首，但if不能
主语从句的规律：
1. What he needs is that book. 2. What he needs are some books.
小结：
主语从句可以放在前面也可以放在
后面。 用it作形式主语,把主语从句放在
句末。
主语从句的规律：
找出下列句子中的错误，并总结规律 例1.When will he come is not known.
正：When he will come is not known. 规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序， 即主语在前，谓语在后。
3) It +不及物动词+that It happened that... 碰巧…… It occurred to me that…我突然想起… It appears/seems that… 似乎，好像… It turned out that… 原来…
It happened that 刚好)I was out yesterday. *________________(
主语从句的规律：
例2. He will not come to the meeting this evening is true.
正：That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.
规律二、连词that 在从句中无实际意义， 但不能省略。
6. That we shall be late is certain. 7. It is certain that we shall be late.
“How do you do?” is a greeting.
What she said is not yet known. That we shall be late is certain. It is certain that we shall be late. （句子充当主语，所以称为主语从句）
这样就构成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + n. +that It is a pity/shame that... 可惜的是…… It is a surprise that… 令人吃惊的是… It is a fact that… 事实是… It is common knowledge that … …是常识
名词性从句中的连接词
连词: that / whether / as if
(though);
连接代词: what / who/ which / whose
/ whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，
连接副词: where / when / why / how
Complete the sentences using what, whether, where, when， who, why, how or that.
What is needed for success) is your hard work. 1.(_____ When/How they will arrive )has been told 2.(______ to the teacher. Where/wh ether we will go tomorrow )hasn’t 3.(_____ been decided yet.
*__________________( It occurred to me that我突然想起)I forgot to sent the letter.
4) It + be +过去分词+从句 It is said that... 据说…… It is known to all that... 众所周知…… It is reported that... 据报道…… It is believed that... 据相信… ;人们相信… It is suggested that + (should）do... 建议… It is reported that 据报道)20 people were *_________________( killed in the accident. It is suggested that 建议)we should eat *__________________( more vegetable and do more exercise.
Step3.
Step3.思考
主语从句一直位于句首的位置吗？ That he will pass the exam is certain. It is certain that he will pass the exam. 他一定会通过考试的.
注解：一般来说主语从句都是放在 句首 , 但有时为了使句子 保持平衡 ,避免”头重脚轻”, 常用 it 作 形式主语 ，从而把主语从句放在 后面 ．
主语是？
Which part serves as subject in each sentence? 1. You are a student. 2. Smoking is bad for you. 3. To find your way can be a problem. 4. “How do you do?” is a greeting. 5 .What she said is not yet known.
be punished.
4) 连接副词when, where, how ,why
1.When we will leave （我们什么时候离开） hasn’t been decided. 2.How he got there (他怎么到那的） is a secret. 3. Why he cried (他为什么哭）is not clear. 4. Where the meeting （会议将在哪里举行） will be held is not known.
Step 2、主语从句概念定义：
充当主语的名词性从句，因其在复合 句中做主语，又称主语从句。
主语从句的位置
That he will succeed is certain.
Whether he will come makes no difference. What we need is more time. 先找出谓语，主语在第二个谓语前面
/ wherever / whenever
判断下列划线句子是哪种名词性从句。 1.I don’t know whether he will come or not. 2.The question is whether he will come or not. 3.Whether he will come or not is unknown.
主语从句的特点：
1.引导词：
从属连词 that, whether；
连接代词 who, what, which；
whoever, whatever, whichever; 连接副词 when, where, how和why。
2. 语序：陈述句语序
引导词
1) 从属连词that和whether： • That he will come is certain. • Whether he will come is uncertain.
_____ that 不做成分，无意义，不能省略。 whether 不做成分，表“_______”。 是否
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
2) 连接代词who, what, which（做成分） 1. Who will go makes no difference. 谁去没什么不同。（主语）
2. What we need is more time.（我们 所需要的是更多的时间。）（宾语） 3.Which book I should buy hasn’t been decided. （定语） 我应买哪一本书还没有决定。
名词性从句——主语从句
什么叫名词性从句？
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从 句 (Noun Clauses） 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它 在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、 同位语等 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能， 名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语 从句、表语从句和同位语从句
主语从句 subject clause 名词性从句 noun clause 宾语从句 object clause 表语从句 predicative clause 同位语从句 appositive clause