rotational speed:转速capacity: 功率steam turbine: 蒸汽轮机gas turbine: 燃气轮机speed reduction ratio: 减速比displacement: 排量flexible coupling: 柔性联轴节maintenance interval:检修周期gasoline engine:汽油机draft:吃水线torsional vibration damper: 减振器torque:扭矩prime mover:原动机be aligned with: 与…对中alignment:对中thermal efficiency:热效率loop scavenge:回流扫气cross scavenge:横流扫气uniflow scavenge:直流扫气supercharge:增压tappet clearance:挺杆间隙spark plug:火花塞indicator diagram:示功图indicator cards:示功图mechanical efficiency:机械效率compressed air: 压缩空气coolant:冷却剂occur:发生spray of fuel: 雾状燃油,油雾timing: 定时foul: 使…脏污fouling:污垢,脏污stuffing box:填料函,填料箱atmospheric pressure:大气压camshaft:凸轮轴cam:凸轮internal combustion engine:内燃机MIP(mean indicated pressure):平均指示压力combustion chamber:燃烧室compression ratio:压缩比cylinder bore: 缸径overlap:重叠cross-head pin:十字头销bearing shell:轴瓦drill:钻孔,钻井,演习angle:角度expose:暴露,打开cycle:工作循环uncover:打开descending piston:下行的活塞value:值,数值decrease:降低,下降increase:上升,增加governor:调速器governor weight:调速器的飞重fuel injection:燃油喷射,喷油reliability:可靠性stroke coefficient:冲程系数give off:释放,放出naturally aspirated:自然吸气的,自然换气的admit:准许进入intake valve:进气阀linear motion:直线运动rotary motion:回转运动atomization:雾化cylinder firing pressure:气缸的爆炸压力be subjected to: 受到,遭受,承受ignition lag:滞燃期ignition delay period:滞燃期degree:程度,学位back pressure:背压thermal energy:热能mechanical energy: 机械能clockwise:顺时针地turbocharger:涡轮增压器brake horsepower:制动马力friction:摩擦single acting:单作用式的blow down:排气mixing:混合的mixture: 混合物advantage:优势,优点disadvantage:劣势,缺点compare:对比rocker arm:摇臂foundation:基础support:支撑,支持maintenance access:维修通道doors:道门in-line engine:直列式柴油机Vee engine:V型柴油机connecting rod large end bearing:连杆大端轴承connecting rod small end bearing:连杆小端轴承cast iron:铸铁cast steel:铸钢scavenging air box:扫气箱inertia:惯性thermal expansion:热膨胀aluminum:铝,铝的bronze:铜的mount:安装bolt:螺栓,用螺栓固定cross girder:横梁longitudinal girder:纵梁heat energy:热能float:漂浮,浮动piston skirt:活塞裙gudgeon pin:活塞销spur gear:正齿轮camshaft gear train:凸轮轴齿轮系starting air valve:空气启动阀side-chock bolt:侧楔形螺栓end-chock bolt:端楔形螺栓distance piece:调隙片compression plate:压缩片compression ratio:压缩比bearing housing:轴承座bearing cap:轴承盖bearing bush:轴瓦trunk piston:筒状活塞axial:轴向的stud:双头螺栓nut: 螺母enclose:密闭,密封guide:引导,导板tie rod=tie bolt=through bolt:贯穿螺栓entablature:机架column:机架cylinder block:气缸体external:外部的,外面的internal:内部的,里面的running-in period:磨合期load:负载,负荷,装载bearing wear:轴承磨损replace:替换,代替replacement:替换,代替clearance:间隙gap:间距tolerance:公差carrier ring:承磨环machine:机器,机械,加工machinery:机械(总称)machined:加工的,车削的ridge:凸台,凸肩groove:凹槽invariably:总是,一直forge:锻造forged:锻造的worn out:磨损的shim:垫片crank web:曲柄臂crank throw: 曲柄臂,曲拐crankpin:曲柄销crankcase:曲柄箱spring:弹簧,春天heat-resistant steel:耐热钢wearing resistance:抗磨,耐磨journal 轴颈sealing ring:密封环scraper ring:刮油环fuel valve:油头lubricator:注油器chromium-plated:镀铬的cylinder wall:汽缸壁lift out:吊出(活塞)piston ring belt: 活塞环区域cooling jacket:冷却水套balance:使…平衡shim:垫片thick:厚的thin:薄的thickness:厚度deformation:变形double bottom:双层底location:位置,定位locate:位于length: 长度width:宽度height:高度circular space:环形空间assemble:组装disassemble:拆卸assembly:组件fore and aft:前后semi-built:半组合式的transmit:传递,传送bending stress:弯曲应力torsion stress:扭曲应力shear stress:剪切应力turning gear:盘车机fitted bolt:拂配螺栓white metal:白合金horizontally:水平地be fitted with:装有,带有be provided with:装有,带有be equipped with装有,带有circumference [sə'kʌmfərəns]: 圆周,周长nip:过盈压隙crush:过盈joint face:连接面,结合面diameter:直径oil distributor ring:布油环scraper ring:刮油环oil control ring:刮油环protective layer:保护层lining:衬有,内衬copper-lead alloy:铜铅合金aluminum-tin alloy:铝锡合金thin-walled:薄壁的flame hardened:淬火处理的shipchandler:船舶供应商bore:孔,镗孔thermal stress:热应力compressive stress:压应力forced lubrication system:强制润滑系统output:功率,输出cooling chamber:冷却腔crosshead shoes:十字头滑块slipper:滑块guide shoes:滑块dowel pin:定位销machine-turned:车削的projection:凸台vertical flange:垂直法兰coil spring:圈簧surface:表面slopping surface:倾斜表面sliding bearing:滑动轴承sludge:油渣main propulsion diesel engine:主推进柴油机tension:张力under tension:承受张力heater:加热器electric heater:电加热器timing gear:定时齿轮chain drives:链条驱动机构coincide with:重叠,一致center of gravity:重心statically balanced:静平衡wrist pin:活塞销heat conductivity:导热性oil film:油膜excess:过多的excessive:过多的,过大的rigid:结实的,坚实的transverse girder:横梁jack bolt:撑杆螺栓tap-bolt:锥头螺栓solid forged:整体锻造的solid bearing:整体式轴承polish:抛光telescopic pipe:伸缩管sag:下垂sagging:下沉量component:部件corrosion resistant:耐腐蚀的flame screen:防火网罩watertight compartment:水密舱taper:锥形的,逐渐减小的insert:插入:插件stationary part:固定部件statically balanced:静平衡dynamically balanced:动平衡turbulence:涡流flywheel:飞轮kinetic energy:动能fluctuation:波动valve stem:阀杆valve head:阀头valve cage:阀壳heat dissipation:散热water seal:水封wet liner:湿式缸套dry liner:干式缸套test cock:示功考克gasket:垫片knurling:滚花sodium:钠cold clearance:冷态间隙thrust:推力side thrust:侧推力manifold:总管bundle:管束overload:过载plasma coated:等离子涂层的oil sump:油底壳treat:处理,对待treatment:处理advanced firing:早燃retarded firing:后燃,发火滞后air venting arrangement:放气装置prime:灌注,注油priming:灌注priming pump:引液泵fuel supply passage:供油管路viscosity regulator:粘度调节器lifting check:起阀压力试验fuel main:总管plunger:柱塞spindle:针阀available:可用的,可得到的manoeuvring condition:机动操纵状态specification:规格grade:规格specific gravity:比重specify:规定service tank:日用柜day tank:日用柜port:港口,开口pressurize:加压injector nozzle:喷油嘴clog:堵塞particle:颗粒,颗粒状index:刻度,指数reading:读数rack:齿条rack and pinion arrangement:齿条/齿轮装置transfer pump:驳运泵bunker tank:燃油舱banker list:加油单have much to do with:与…..有很大的关系have nothing to do with:与…..没有关系quality:质量quantity:数量earlier ignition:发火提早stick open:保持开启状态oil sump:油底壳settling tank:沉淀柜droplet:水珠,油滴strainer:粗滤器fine filter:细滤器at interval:定期地prevent from doing sth.:防止做某事set:设定setting:设定量,设定值preset:预先设定buffer tank:缓冲柜balance tank:平衡柜(集油柜)service tank:日用柜cleared of:排除,清除barrel:套筒sleeve:套筒pipe:管子duct:管道,导管hose:软管flash point:闪点overflow:溢出(满了溢出)spill:溢油full ahead:全速前进fuel consumption:燃油消耗save:挽救,救生,节省economical speed:经济转速purify:分离,清洁purifier:分水机clarifier:分杂机foreign matter:杂质follower:滚轮calorific value:发热值pour point:倾点diameter:直径original:原来的,开始的vibration:振动penetration of fuel:燃油穿透penetration:穿透力distribution of fuel:燃油分布minimize:使….最小化maximize:使…..最大化shut down:关闭,切断cut off:终止,关闭check valve:止回阀jerk pump:喷射泵meter:计量,测量,米proper metering:精确计量parameter:参数size:尺寸carbon accumulation:结炭flow rate:流速break up:分裂,破裂,分手manufacture:制造商precaution:预防措施contamination:污染,脏污cetane rating:十六烷值cetane number:十六烷值secure the fuel supply:切断燃油供应take place:发生,开始commence:发生,开始slope:斜面spill port:回流孔,溢流孔build up:建立,积聚helix:螺旋槽MCR:最大持续功率base circle:基圆sulfur:硫water vapor:水蒸汽acid:酸,酸的malfunction:故障ash:灰duplex pressure gage:双联压力表thermostatic:恒温的needle valve:针阀differential needle valve:差压式针阀constant volume:定容constant pressure:定压unit injector:单体式喷油器misfiring:不发火vanadium:钒sodium:钠indicate:显示,表示contribute to:有利于,导致block:堵塞compressibility:压缩性remove:清除,去除sounding tube:深管sounding rod:量油杆oil impingement:注油cavitation (erosion):气穴,汽蚀booster pump:增压泵salt water:海水raw water:海水air cooler:空冷器make up:补充,补给distilled water:蒸馏水in contact with:与….接触facilitate:有利于,促进prior to:在….之前acid solution strength:酸性强度lime:石灰,氧化钙get rid of:去除,排除,摆脱release:释放mechanical property:机械性能expansion tank:膨胀水箱head tank:高置(膨胀)水箱coolant:冷却剂inoperative:不运转的,不运行的frost:结霜individual:单独的,独立的deposit:沉积物,沉淀物scale:水垢rust:生锈,铁锈dividing wall:分隔板overheat:过热explosion:爆炸chemical addition:投药,添加化学品additive:添加剂steam coil:蒸汽盘管anti-corrosion oil:防锈油inorganic inhibitor:无机缓蚀剂corrosion inhibitor:抗腐蚀剂regulate:调节modulate:调节head:压头volume:体积,容积closed cooling system:闭式冷却系统a portion of:一部分heat exchanger:换热器slightly:轻微的,轻度的nozzle holder:喷嘴座crack:裂纹suspect:怀疑baffle plate:挡板sacrificial zinc:保护性锌块soluble oil:可溶性油thermometer:温度计obstruct:堵塞,阻塞impeller:叶轮fin:翅片alarm:报警,警报器activate:激发,动作housing:壳体concentric:同心的bi-directional operation:双向运行compensating tank:补偿水箱(膨胀水箱)salinity:盐分,盐度alternative:选择,替代deaerating tank:除气柜three-way valve:三通阀flush:吹洗,冲洗oil barge:油驳interlocking device:连锁装置reversing:换向pilot air:控制空气,先导空气air distributor:空气分配器fusible plug:易熔塞guard against:防止air reservoir=air bottle=air receiver:空气瓶pneumatic control system:气动控制系统pneumatic tool:气动工具drain cock:放残考克blade:叶片turbine:透平remote valve:遥控阀air start lever:空气启动手柄instrument:仪表humidity:水分starting air distributor:启动空气分配器sufficient:充足的,足够的consecutive start:连续启动knocking sound:敲缸condensate:凝水condensation:冷凝run roughly:运转不平稳delay:推迟,延迟clearance volume:余隙容积two stage compressor:两级空气压缩机intercooler:中间冷却器,中冷器aftercooler:后冷器airborne:空气中携带的valve plate:阀片valve strip:阀片valve face:阀面valve seat:阀座volumetric efficiency:容积效率LP cylinder:低压缸HP cylinder:高压缸trip:跳闸overload relay:过载继电器dew point:露点splash lubrication:飞溅润滑water hammer:水击air delivery line:排出管路non-return valve:止回阀,单向阀carbonization:碳化throttling:节流solenoid:电磁的idle speed:怠速storage tank:储存柜neutralize:中和neutralization number:中和值alkalinity:碱detergency:清洁剂fundamental:基本的guard against:防止stern-tube bearing:尾轴承lignum vitae:铁梨木emulsion oil:乳化油,乳化防锈油sodium nitrite:硝酸钠additive:添加剂approved:认可的galvanize:镀锌investigation:调查gas seal 气封pot-shaped piston:筒状活塞analyze:分析total loss system:全消耗系统recirculation system:循环系统renew:更新,换新renewal:更新,换新static head:静压头in duplicate:一式两份,一式两台carry away:带走magnetic filter:磁性滤器blow out:吹洗in that:在于,因为former:前者latter:后者forced lubrication system:强制润滑系统employ:采用,使用,利用,雇佣hydrostatic lubrication:液体静力润滑impurity:杂质to a great extent:在很大程度上deterioration:恶化heat transfer:传热wear detritus:磨屑trouble-free life:无故障寿命dilute:冲淡,稀释,降低mist detector:油雾检测器monitor:检测,监控duplex filter:双联式滤器audible/visual alarm:声光报警shaker:振荡scuffing:划伤remain:保持remaining:剩余的retain:保留clogged:堵塞的hard varnish:硬的清漆pitting:点蚀oxidize:氧化carbon deposit:积碳detergent oil:净化油orifice:油孔diffuser:扩压器constant-pressure:定压增压pulse pressure:脉冲增压angle:角度,成….角度smoky exhaust:排气冒黑烟opposite:相反的,相对的supercharging:增压make use of:利用blower:鼓风机turboblower:涡轮增压器adjacent:相邻的in comparison to:与…相比compared to:与…相比fabricated:锻造的swirl:旋转rated speed:额定速度rated load:额定负载oxygen:氧气oxidize:使…氧化average:平均的velocity:速度directly proportional to:成正比characteristic:特点in conjunction with:和….一起performance:性能utilize:利用,使用furnish:提供muffle:消音,降低gas exchange:换气lose power:损失功率loss of pressure:失压take out=disengage:脱开put in=engage:合上FWE=finished with engine:完车give a trial:试车ahead and astern: 正倒车packing box:填料箱overhaul:大修stall:停止,停车enlarge:扩大,变大abnormal:不正常on no account:绝不,不可以seizure:卡住,咬缸gradually:逐渐地,逐步地remedy:补救,补修metalock:金属扣合法warm up:加温,暖机unless:除非surge:喘振spark:火星paint:油漆blistering:起泡peeling:剥落withdraw:取出routine 日常的,周期性的whilst=while:当…时候eliminate:消除,清除ambient temperature:环境温度regarding:关于with regard to:关于,对于….来说ventilation:通风vacuum:真空risk:风险,危险hazard:危险head wind:顶风heavy sea:风浪大combustion knock:燃烧过程粗暴wheelhouse:驾驶台contaminant:杂质,污染物cease:停止defect:损坏,缺陷sensor:传感器dead slow ahead:微速前进distribution:分配,布置,配电idle:闲置的guarantee:保证,确保pressure-volume diagram:压容图jerk pump:脉动泵,急拉式泵by-product:副产品erosion:剥蚀spark arrestor:火花消除器navigation:航行score:划痕scratch:刮痕abrasive particle:磨蚀颗粒pyrometer:高温计(测量排烟温度)manometer:压力计pressure gauge:压力表dial indicator:千分表,量缸表micrometer:千分表feeler:塞尺straight edge:直尺bridge gauge:桥规(轴颈下沉量,较小的主轴承磨损)blow-by:漏气break-in period:磨合期hone:搪磨detuner:减震器verify:检查,证实underway:航行时at partial load:部分负载localized:局部的local:当地的,机旁的file:锉blank off:堵死rotor:转子metal scraper:金属刮刀wrench:扳手moisture:水分muffler=silencer:消音器switch on:接通absolute pressure:绝对压力(=表压力+大气压力)air blast pump:抽气泵quay:码头direction handle:换向手柄coke deposit:积碳asphalt:沥青boss:桨毂hub:桨毂,轮毂variable pitch propeller:调距桨controllable pitch propeller:调距桨constant pitch propeller:定距桨fixed pitch propeller:定距桨tail shaft:尾轴intermediate shaft、;中间轴mass:重量in turn:依次,循序thrust block:推力块thrust pad:推力块reversing gear:换向装置axial movement:轴向运动solid propeller:整体式螺旋桨stem:船尾astern:船尾bow:艏,船头apparent slip:滑失比helix:螺旋线helicoidal:螺旋面,螺旋状的uniform pitch:定螺距non-uniform pitch:不定螺距pitch ratio:螺距比rubber:橡胶sterntube bearing:尾轴管轴承common rail system:共轨燃油系统VIT= variable injection timing: 可喷油定时。