09英本 马晓萌 82 英本6 英本
Contents
Brief Introduction Major Works Tess of the D'Urbervilles
Born: 2 June 1840 Died: 11 January 1928 Occupation : architect writer (Naturalist, Novelist, Poet, and Short Story writer) a famous critical realistic writer the last important novelist of the Victorian age
His Major Works
Hardy himself divided his novels into three groups:
1)Novels of Character & Environment 2)Novels of Romances & Fantasies 3)Novels of Ingenuity
Hardy’s First Wife
Emma Gifford :
a woman of high social status.
She had a very interesting personality and was always remember by visitors to the Hardy household. She died in 1912. Thomas and Emma Hardy resided at Max Gate from 1884 onward.
◆Because most of Hardy’s novels take place in
the "partly-real, partly-dream" county of Wessex (named after the Anglo-Saxon kingdom which existed in the area), his novels were called Wessex Novel(威塞克斯小说）. 威塞克斯小说） 威塞克斯小说
哈代的文学生涯开始于诗歌，后因无缘发表，改事 小说创作。他的第一部长篇小说《计出无奈》问世 于1871年。成名作是他的第四部小说《远离尘嚣》 （1874）。从此，他放弃建筑职业，致力于小说创 作。 哈代一生共发表了近20部长篇小说，其中最著名 的当推《德伯家的苔丝》、《无名的裘德》、《还 乡》和《卡斯特桥市长》。诗8集，共918首，此外， 还有许多以“威塞克斯故事”为总名的中短篇小说， 以及长篇史诗剧《列王》。 哈代的作品反映了资本主义侵入英国农村城镇后 所引起的社会经济、政治、道德、风俗等方面的深 刻变化以及人民（尤其是妇女）的悲惨命运，揭露 了资产阶级道德、法律和宗教的虚伪性。他的作品 承上启下，既继承了英国批判现实主义的优秀传统， 也为20世纪的英国文学开拓了道路。
This Class is about people’s
pursuit to happiness and awareness of their dreams,
reflecting the acute conflicts between people and the environment around them.
At the age of 16, he became apprenticed to a local architect, but he gave up architecture in 1874. Because of marriage, he began to write poems and novels, which idealized the rural life. Tess(1891) and Jude(1896) shocked British pruderies and Hardy was terribly abused for being “filthy”. Hardy announced in 1896 that Jude was his last novel, and turned with relief to the writing of poetry. Hardy’s final years were full of honors. He died in asies
（传奇与幻想小说） 传奇与幻想小说）
A Pair of Blue Eyes(1873) 《一双蓝眼睛》 一双蓝眼睛》 Two on a Tower(1882) 《塔里的两个人》 塔里的两个人》 The Well-Beloved(1897) (first published as a serial from 1892) 《心爱的人》 心爱的人》
Early works(描写英国农村的恬静景象和明朗的田园 生活 ) Under the Greenwood Tree (1872, the 1st novel of country life) 《绿荫下》 A Pair of Blue Eyes )《一双湛蓝的眼睛》 (1873) Far from the Madding Crowd (1874, his 1st masterpiece) 《远离尘嚣》 The turning point: The Return of the Native （1878）《还乡》的出 版确立了哈代作为重要作家的地位，也标志着作者 开始转向悲剧题材 The Mayor of Casterbridge（1886） 《卡斯特桥 市长》展示了一场性格悲剧
Far from the Madding Crowd(1874) 《远离尘嚣》 远离尘嚣》 The Mayor of Casterbridge(1886) 《卡斯特桥市长》 卡斯特桥市长》 Tess of the d'Urbervilles(1891) Jude the Obscure(1895)
《德伯家的苔丝》 德伯家的苔丝》 《无名的裘德》 无名的裘德》
1.Novels of Character and Environment
（性格与环境小说） 性格与环境小说）
The Poor Man and the Lady(1867, unpublished and
lost) 《穷汉与贵妇人》 穷汉与贵妇人》 《绿树荫下 》
Under the Greenwood Tree(1872)
His Major Works
The 1st period: romantic and pastoral Masterpieces: Under the Green Tree
Far from the Madding Crowd
The 2nd period: the social tragedy of Wessex Masterpieces: The Return of the Native
Thomas Hardy
(1840-1928)
English poet and novelist, famous for his depictions of the imaginary country “Wessex”. Hardy’s works reflected his stoical pessimism and sense of tragedy in human life.
He explored tragic characters struggling against their passions & social circumstances & set his fictions in the semifictional land of Wessex where he grew up .
mainly talk about romantic love stories.
3.Novels of Ingenuity
（机巧和实验小说 ）
Desperate Remedies(1871)《铤而走险》 《铤而走险》 The Hand of Ethelberta(1876) 《埃塞尔伯塔 的婚姻》 的婚姻》 A Laodicean(1881) 《冷漠的人》 冷漠的人》
Short stories
Alicia's Diary (1887 ) A Tragedy Of Two Ambitions (1888)
Poetry
Wessex Poems and Other Verses (1898) Satires of Circumstance (1914) Drama The Dynasts (verse drama)
Due to Florence’s care, Hardy could remain healthy and continue his writing career.
托马斯哈代（1840～1928）英国诗人、小说家。他 是横跨两个世纪的作家，早期和中期的创作以小说 为主，继承和发扬了维多利亚时代的文学传统；晚 年以其出色的诗歌开拓了英国20世纪的文学。 哈代1840年6月2日生于英国西南部的一个小村庄， 毗邻多塞特郡大荒原，这里的自然环境日后成了哈 代作品的主要背景。他的父亲是石匠，但爱好音乐。 父母都重视对哈代的文化教育。1856年哈代离开学 校，给一名建筑师当学徒。1862年前往伦敦，任建 筑绘图员，并在伦敦大学进修语言，开始文学创作。
The Mayor of Casterbridge
The 3rd period: the pessimistic fate of the villagers in Wessex Masterpieces: Tess of the D‘Urbervilles(1891)
Jude the Obscure (1896)
Desighed by Hardy himself
Second wife
—Hardy’s nurse, companion and fan.