超声医学术语胃肠心脏疾患方面和正常值超声医学术语胃肠心脏疾患方面一、胃肠：胃Stomach(STo) 贲门Cardia(Ca) 胃底Fundus of stomach(SF)胃体Body of stomach(SB) 幽门 Pylorix (Py) 肠Bowel(Bo)十二指肠Duodenum(Du) 小肠(Small intestine ) 空肠Jejunum回肠Ileum盲肠Cecum阑尾Appendix(Ap)结肠Colon(Co)直肠Rectum二、疾患方面：淋巴结Lymphaden(Ly) 结节Nodule(N) 脓肿Abscess(Abs)积液Effusion(Eff) 腹水Ascites(Asc) 坏死Necrosis(Nec)沉积物Sediment(Sed) 转移灶Metastasis(Met)钙化Calcification(Cal)结石Stone(ST)肿瘤Turmor(T)血肿Hematoma(HMA)肌瘤Myoma(Myo)血栓Thrombus(Th) 血管瘤Angioma(Ang) 囊肿Cyst(Cy)半月板Meniscus 脂肪瘤Lipoma 错构瘤Hamartoma 肿块Mass(M)斑块Plaque 蛔虫Ascariasis(As) 息肉Ployp(P)肾盂积水Hydronephrosis(Hydro) 幼稚子宫Pubescent uterus(PU)双角子宫Uterus bicornis (UB) 脑积水Hydrocephalic(HYD)葡萄胎hydatidiform mole (HM)三、心脏解剖术语左房Left Atrium(LA) 左心耳LAA 肺静脉PV 房间隔IAS左室LV 室间隔IVS 左室前壁LVAW 左室后壁LVPW左室侧壁LVLW 左室下壁LVIW 左室流出道LVOT左室流入道LVIT 二尖瓣MV 三关瓣TV 二尖瓣前叶AML二尖瓣后叶PML 乳头肌PM 主动脉AO 主动脉根部AOR升主动脉AAL 降主动脉DAL 主动脉弓ALA 主动脉窦AS主动脉瓣AV 右冠瓣RCC 左冠瓣LCC 无冠瓣NCC左主冠状动脉 LMCA 左前降支LAD上腔静脉SVC下腔静脉IVC肝静脉HV 卵圆孔FO 冠状静脉窦CS 右室RV右室流出道RVOT 右室流入道RVIT 三尖瓣TV 三尖瓣隔叶STL三尖瓣前叶ATL 三尖瓣后叶PTL 主肺动脉MPA 肺动脉PA肺动脉瓣PV 心包P 压差降半时间 PHT四、部分测量术语左房内径LAD 右房内径RAD 左室舒张末期内径LVDd主动脉内径AoD 主动脉环内径AoAd 左室流出道内径LVOTD右室流出道内径RVOTD 左室短轴缩短率FS 左室射血分数EF 左室舒张末期压 LVEDP 反流量PV 反流面积RA反流分数RF 反流指数RI1 颅脑大脑 cerebrum大脑纵裂 longitudinal cerebral fissure大脑皮质 cerebral cortex大脑镰 falx cerebri大脑导水管，中脑水管 cerebral aqueduct中脑 midbrain, mesencephalon小脑 cerebellum小脑幕 tentorium cerebelli丘脑，视丘 thalmus延髓 medulla oblongata侧脑室 lateral ventricle第三脑室 third ventricle第四脑室 fourth ventricle第五脑室 fifth ventricle脑桥，桥脑 pons脑干 brain stem间脑 diencephalon中间块 intermidiate mass尾状核 caudate nucleus脉络丛 choroid plexus胼胝体 corpus callosum脑岛，岛叶 insula大脑脚 cerebral peduncles大脑外侧沟（窝、裂） lateral sulcus ,sylvius fissure穹窿 fornix透明隔 septum pellucidum透明隔腔 cavity of septum pellucidum额叶 frontal lobe顶叶 parietal lobe枕叶 occipital lobe颞叶 temporale lobe缘叶 limbic lobe大脑动脉环 Willi's artery circle大脑前动脉 anterior cerebral artery大脑中动脉 middle cerebral artery大脑后动脉 posterior cerebral artery基底动脉 basilar artery前交通支（动脉） anterior communicating branch 后交通支（动脉） posterior communicating branch 颅前窝，凹 anterior cranial fossa颅中窝，凹 middle cranial fossa颅后窝，凹 posterior cranial fossa2 眼、面颈、涎腺、乳腺、胸肺眼球 optic bulb ,eyeball角膜 cornea前房 anterior chamber虹膜 iris睫状体 ciliary body视网膜 retina脉络膜 choroid巩膜 sclera房水 aqueous humour玻璃体 vitreous玻璃体膜 hyaloid membrae晶状体 lens（眼）直肌 recti muscles视神经 optic nerve眶上动脉 supraorbital artery眼动脉 ophthalmic artery视网膜中央动脉 central retinal artery睫状后长（短）动脉posterior long(short) ciliary artery泪腺动脉 lacrimal gland artery滑车上动脉 supratrochlear artery眼静脉 ophthalmic vein眶上静脉 suprorbital vein滑车上静脉 supratrochlear vein视网膜中央静脉 central retinal vein涡状静脉 vorticose veins眼眶 orbit结膜 conjunctiva唾液腺、涎腺 sali<I>var</I>y gland腮腺 parotid(gland)颌下腺 submaxillary gland舌下腺 sublingual gland甲状腺 thyroid(gland)甲状旁腺 parathyroid(gland)上颌窦 maxillary sinus气管 trachea食管 esophagus乳腺 breast, mammary gland额 front枕 occiput颞 temples颊 cheek胸廓、胸腔 thorax, thorax cavity肋骨 ribs, costae肋软骨costal cartilages胸骨 sternum乳腺组织 breast tissue悬韧带suspensory ligament, Copper's ligament 乳腺后组织 retromammary tissue横膈 diaphragm颈总动脉 common carotid artery颈外动脉 external carotid artery颈内动脉 internal carotid artery椎动脉 vertebral artery无名动脉 innominate artery颈内静脉 internal jugular vein甲状腺上动脉 superior thyroid artery 乳房内动脉 internal mammary artery3 腹部血管、周围血管腹主动脉 abdominal aorta腹腔动脉 celiac artery肠系膜上动脉 superior mesenteric artery 肠系膜下动脉 inferior mesenteric artery 肝总动脉 common hepatic artery肝动脉 hepatic artery胃左动脉 left gastric artery胃十二指肠动脉 gastroduodenal artery脾动脉 splenic artery肾动脉 renal artery卵巢动脉 o<I>var</I>ian artery髂总动脉 common iliac artery髂内动脉 internal iliac artery髂外动脉 external iliac artery锁骨下动脉 subclavian artery椎动脉 vertebral artery乳房内动脉 internal mammary artery颈内静脉 internal jugular vein颈外静脉 external jugular vein腋静脉 axillary vein奇静脉 azygos vein大隐静脉 great saphenous vein下腔静脉 inferior vena cava门静脉 portal vein肠系膜上静脉 superior mesenteric vein肝静脉 hepatic vein肾静脉 renal vein腰静脉 lumbar vein精索静脉 spermatic vein肾弓形动脉 renal arcuate arteries股动脉 femoral artery肱动脉 humeral artery桡动脉 radial artery尺动脉ulnar artery面动脉 facial artery锁骨下动脉 subclavian artery颈浅动脉 superficial cervical artery颞浅动脉 superficial temporal artery4 肝、胆、胰、脾、泌尿男生殖肝左叶left liver lobe(LL)肝右叶right liver lobe(RL)尾状叶 caudate lobe(CL)方叶 quadrate lobe(QL)附垂叶Riedel's lobe胆囊gallbladder(G胆囊管 cystic duct(CD)肝管 hepatic duct(HD)胆总管common bile duct(CBD)肝门 porta hepatis胆囊窝 gallbladder forssa肝圆韧带 hepatoumbilical ligament, round ligament 肝镰状韧带 falciform ligament肝静脉韧带 venose ligament胆管、胆道 bile duct(BD)螺旋状瓣 spiral valve肝总管 common hepatic duct肝外胆管 extrahepatic duct乏特壶腹 Vater's ampulla胰腺 pancreas胰管 pancreatic duct ,Wirsung's duct副胰管 Santorini duct胰头 head of pancreas胰颈 neck of pancreas胰体 body of pancreas胰尾 tail of pancreas钩突 uncinate process脾 spleen脾门 splenic hilum肾周脂肪 perinephrit fat集合系统 collective system肾 kedney肾盂 renal calyes锥体 pyramids肾柱 renal colums肾上腺 adrenal gland输尿管 ureters, ureteral ,uretero膀胱 urinary bladder ,bladder尿道 urethra睾丸 testis附睾 epididymis鞘膜 tunica vagialis, vagina tunic白膜 tunica albuginea ,albuginea输精管 ductus deferens, deferent duct 精囊 vesiculae seminals, seminal vesicle 射精管 ejaculatory ducts阴囊 scrotum, scrotal sac精索 spermatic cord腹股沟 inguen前列腺 prostate5 妇产科子宫 uterus输卵管 uterine tube, oviduct 卵巢 o<I>var</I>y, o<I>var</I>ies子宫颈 cervix子宫腔 uterine canal子宫内膜 endometriosis子宫直肠陷凹 rectouterine fossa子宫内口 internal ostium of the uterus 子宫口 orifice of the uterus阴道 vagina胚胎 embryo卵黄囊 yolk sac羊膜 amnion羊膜腔 amniotic cavity蜕膜 decidua绒毛 villus绒毛膜 chorion胎盘 placenta胎儿 fetus胎心 fetal heart胎动fetal movement, feta motion胎儿脊柱 fetal spine胎儿胃泡 fetal stomach bubble胎儿胸部fetal thorax胎儿肾 fetal kidney胎儿肢体 fetal limb脐带 umbilical cord卵泡，滤泡 follicle附件 adnexa羊水 amniotic fluid宫内节育器 intrauterine device妊娠囊 gestational sac顶臀长度 crown-rump length双顶径 biparietal diameter胎头指数 cephalic index枕额径 occipito-frontal diameter头围 head circumference胸围 thoracic circumference腹围 abdominal circumference小脑径 cerebellum diameter头（径）指数 cephalic index双眼间距 ocular distance腹部横径 transverse trunk diameter 腹部前后径 anteroposterior trunk diameter椎骨长度（胸6～腰3）length of vertebrae脊柱 spine, vertebral colum股骨长度 femur length肱骨长度 humerus length胎儿体重 fetal weight脐动脉 umbilical artery脐静脉 umbilical vein胎盘 placenta孕周 gestational week孕龄 gestational age超声成像 ultrasonic imaging实时成像 real-time imaging灰阶显示 gray scale display彩阶显示 color scale display经颅多普勒 transcranial doppler彩色多普勒血流显像 color doppler flow imaging彩色血流造影 color flow angiography彩色多普勒能量图color doppler energy彩色能量图color power angio超声内镜ultrasound endoscope超声导管ultrasound catheter血管内超声 intravascular ultrasound 血管内超声显像 intravascular ultrasonic imaging管腔内超声显像 intraluminal ultrasonic imaging腔内超声显像 endoluminal sonography心内超声显像 intracardiac ultrasonic imaging 内镜超声扫描 endoscopic ultrasonography内镜超声技术 endosonography膀胱镜超声技术 cystosonography阴道镜超声技术 vaginosonography经阴道彩色多普勒显像transvaginal color doppler imaging 经直肠超声扫描 transrectal ultrasonography直肠镜超声（技术） rectosonography经尿道扫查 transurethral scanning介入性超声 interventional ultrasound术中超声监视 intraoperative ultrasonic monitoring 超声引导经皮肝穿刺胆管造影 ultrasound guided percutaneous transhepaticcholangiography超声引导经皮穿刺注射乙醇 US guided percutaneous alcohol injection超声引导经皮胆囊胆汁引流 US guided percutaneous gallbladder bile drainage 超声引导经皮抽吸US guided percutaneous aspiration超声引导胎儿组织活检US guided fetal tissue biopsy超声引导经皮肝穿刺门静脉造影 US guided percutaneous transhepatic portography三维显示 three dimensional display三维图像重建 3D image reconstruction组织特性成像 tissue specific imaging动态成像 dynamic imaging数字成像 digital image血管显像 angiography声像图法 echography sonography声像图 sonogram echogram多用途探头 multipurpose scanner宽频带探头 wide-band probe环阵相控探头 phased annular array probe术中探头 intraoperative porbe穿刺探头 ultrasound guided probe食管探头 transesophagel probe经食管超声心动图探头transesophagel echocardiography probe阴道探头 transvaginal probe直肠探头 transrectal probe尿道探头 transurethral probe膀胱探头 intervesical probe腔内探头 intracavitary probe内腔探头 endo-probe导管超声探头 catheter-based US probe扫描方式 scan mode线阵 linear array凸阵 convex array扇扫 sector scanning传感器 sensor换能器 transducer放大器 amplifier阻尼器 buffer解调器、检波器 demodulator触发器 trigger零位调整 zero adjustment定标、校正 calibration快速时间常数电路 fast time constant 自动增益控制 automatic gain control 深度增益补偿 depth gain compensation 时间增益补偿 time gain compensation对数压缩 logarithmic compression灵敏度时间控制 sensitivity time control 动态范围 dynamic range消除 erase, eliminate变换 shift倒置、反转 invert消除 clear注释 annotation放大 magnification ,magnify ,zoom写入 write记录 record聚焦 focus帧率 <I>frame</I> rate冻结 freeze字符 character抑制 rejection, reject ,suppression增益 gain帧相关 <I>frame</I> correlation回放 rendering ,play back彩色极性 color polarity彩色边界 color edge彩色增强 color enhance菜单选择 menu selection彩色余辉 color persistence彩色捕获 color capture彩色壁滤波 color wall filter彩色速度显像 color velocity imaging彩色转向 color steering彩色消除 color cut彩色锁定 color lock成像数据 imaging data预设置 preset前处理 pre process后处理 post process重调、复原 reset动态频率扫描 dynamic frequency scanning焦距 focal distance动态聚焦 dynamic focusing滑动聚焦 sliging focusing区域聚焦 zone focusing连续聚焦 sequential focusing电子聚焦 electric focusing分段聚焦 segment focusing多段聚焦 multistage focusing全场连续聚焦 confocusing图像均匀性 image uniformity运动辨别力 motion discrimination穿透深度 penetration depth空间分辨力 spatial resolution瞬时分辨力 temporal resolution帧分辨力 <I>frame</I> resolution图像线分辨力 image-line resolution对比分辨力 contrast resolution细节分辨力 detail resolution多普勒取样容积 doppler sample volume多普勒流速分布分辨力 doppler flow-velocity distributive resolution 多普勒流向分辨力 doppler flow-direction resolution 多普勒最低流速分辨力 doppler minimum flow-velocity resolution 彩色多普勒空间分辨力 spatial resolution of color doppler彩色多普勒时间分辨力 time resolution of color doppler彩色多普勒最低流速分辨力 minimum flow-velocity of color doppler彩色多普勒强度 color doppler level彩色多普勒处理功能板 CFM processing board彩色视频监视器 color video monitor超声医学部分正常值颅脑成人第三脑室宽：2.3 ±0.6mm眼部1.成人眼球（1）轴长：23.97±0.29 ( 23.0 ～24.0mm )（2）角膜厚度：0.98±0.16(0.5～1.0mm )（3）前房深度：2.38±0.48 (2.0～3.0mm )（4）晶体厚度：4.00±0.22 (3.5～5.5mm )（5）玻璃体长度：16.5±0.26 (16～17mm )（6）球壁厚度：2.01 ±0.17 (2.0～2.2mm )2．成人眼肌厚度及眶内段视神经正常值（1）外直肌、上直肌、下直肌：1.0～3.0mm（2）内直肌：2.0～4.0mm（3）视神经宽度（眶内段）：4.02±0.23mm3．成人眼球后间隙（1）球后间隙宽度：26.51±2.86mm（2）球后间隙长度：20.04±2.73mm4．正常眼部血管：（1）眼动脉直径：1～2mm（2）成人眼动脉最大血流速度：30～40cm/s、RI：0.75。