高二英语语法第二讲GOALS： 1. 现在完成时&现在完成进行时的讲解与练习；2.阅读练习；3. 完型填空讲解。

现在完成时：过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果，过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

Jack has read the story twice. They have known each other for ten years.1.句型结构：肯定句___________________________________否定句___________________________________疑问句____________________________________时间状语及其标志：________________________________________________________ __ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2.语法强化定义：（1）强调动作是过去发生的（2）强调对现在的影响或结果（3）在过去不确定的时间里发生的动作，但是结果对现在有影响。

一、练习：1. “How do you like the song, Two Butterflies?” “Great! I ______ such a beautiful song before.”A. don’t hearB. never hearC. have never heardD. has never heard2. In the past few years there _______ great changes in my hometown.A. have beenB. wereC. has beenD. are3. “Kitty, will you go to see Spiderman 3 with us this evening?” “Sorry. I _____ the film already.”A. sawB. have seenC. had seenD. see4. “Why don’t you go to the movie with me, Betty?” “Because I ______it twice.”A. seeB. will seeC. sawD. have seen5. “How can you start playing games so soon, Tom?” “I ______ my homework, mom.”A. have finishedB. finishedC. finishingD. finish二、用过去时或现在完成时填空：1. “_________ you __________ (have) lunch yet?” “Yes.”“When ________ you __________ (have) it?”“I ____________ (have) it at 12:00.”2. “_________ you __________ (write) a letter to your aunt yet?”“Yes, I ___________. I ________________ (write) one last week.”3. “_________ he ___________ (finish) his homework?” “Not yet.”4. “_________ they ever __________ (be) abroad?” “Yes, just once.”5. Your father _________ just ___________ (finish) his work.三、用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。

A: Where ____________ Li Fei ___________?B: He ____________ to Hainan Island.A: How long ___________ he ___________ there?B: He _____________ there for three days.Where there is a will, there is a way.A: When will he come back , do you know?B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I _________ never ___________ there.A: How many times ___________ Li Fei __________ to that place?B: He _____________ there only once.总结：_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________延续性动词与非延续性动词的区别及其转换：延续性动词可和一段时间连用，非延续动词不能跟一段时间连用。

判断正误并改正：1.I’ve left this school for eight years.2. He has borrowed my dictionary for two days.延续性动词与非延续动词的转换：buy ______ borrow ______ open _______ close ________ begin/start _______ go _______ finish _______ die _______ get up ______ wake up _______ join _______ leave _______短暂性动词转换为延续性动词①arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw.→ be in sw./at school/at home/on th e farm/be here/be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He ________ _________ _________ Beijing for _________ _________.2) I moved to the USA last year.I ________ ________ __________ the USA since __________ __________.②come/go back, return → be back come/go out → be out1) He came out two years ago.He _________ __________ _________ for __________ __________.2) We return to Fuzhou yesterday.We ________ ________ _________ to Fuzhou since __________.③become → be1) I became a teacher in 2000.I ________ __________ a teacher for _________ _________.2) The river became dirty last year.The river _________ _________ dirty for _________ __________.④close → be closed open → be openWhere there is a will, there is a way.1) The shop closed two hours ago.The shop ________ _________ _________ for _________ _________.2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door ________ ________ ________ for six hours.⑤get up → be up；die → be dead；leave sw. → be away from sw.fall asleep/get tot sleep → be asleep；finish/end → be over；marry → be married；1) I got up two hours ago.I ________ ________ ________ since ________ ________.2) He left Fuzhou just now.He _______ ________ ________ _________ Fuzhou for five minutes..⑥start/begin to do sth. → do sth. ；begin → be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995.I ____ ____ at this school since ____.2) The film began two minutes ago.The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____.⑦borrow → keep；lose → not have ；buy → have ；put on → wearcatch/get a cold → have a cold；get to know → know1) They borrowed it last week.They _________ _________ it since __________ __________.2) I bought a pen two hours ago.I _________ _________ a pen for ________ __________.⑧have/has gone to → have been inHe has gone to Beijing.He ____ ____ _____ Beijing for two days.⑨join the league/the Party/the army→ be a league/a Party member/a soldier→ be a member of the league/the Party→ be in the league/the Party/the armyHe joined the league in 2002.He ________ _________ a _________ _________ for two years.He _______ _________ a __________ _________ the __________ for two years.He ____________ ___________ ___________ the league for two years.现在完成进行时Where there is a will, there is a way.1. 用法：表示动作从过去的某一时刻开始一直延续到现在的动作，这一动作可能刚刚停止，也可能仍然进行下去。