（1）用C语言（或其它语言，如Java）实现对N个进程采用某种进程调度算法（如动态优先权调度）的调度。

（2）每个用来标识进程的进程控制块PCB可用结构来描述，包括以下字段：✧进程标识数ID。

✧进程优先数PRIORITY，并规定优先数越大的进程，其优先权越高。

✧进程已占用CPU时间CPUTIME。

✧进程还需占用的CPU时间ALLTIME。

当进程运行完毕时，ALLTIME变为0。

✧进程的阻塞时间STARTBLOCK，表示当进程再运行STARTBLOCK个时间片后，进程将进入阻塞状态。

✧进程被阻塞的时间BLOCKTIME，表示已阻塞的进程再等待BLOCKTIME个时间片后，将转换成就绪状态。

✧进程状态STATE。

✧队列指针NEXT，用来将PCB排成队列。

（3）优先数改变的原则：✧进程在就绪队列中呆一个时间片，优先数增加1。

✧进程每运行一个时间片，优先数减3。

（4）为了清楚地观察每个进程的调度过程，程序应将每个时间片内的进程的情况显示出来，包括正在运行的进程，处于就绪队列中的进程和处于阻塞队列中的进程。

（5）分析程序运行的结果，谈一下自己的认识。

实验代码#include "iostream.h"#include "windows.h"//#define N 3typedef struct{int ID;int PRIORITY;int CPUTIME;int ALLTIME;int STARTBLOCK;int BLOCKTIME;int STATE;//0-运行1-阻塞2-就绪3-结束4-未到达int REACH;int TIME;}PROCESS;void textcolor (int color){SetConsoleTextAttribute (GetStdHandle (STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), color ); }void main(){int i,time,max,l,l1,time1,flag=0,total=0,N,server[10],sum=0;PROCESS pro[10];textcolor(13);cout<<"注意：本程序中状态代表如下"<<endl<<"0-运行1-阻塞2-就绪3-结束4-未到达"<<endl<<endl;textcolor(15);cout<<"请输入进程数:";cin>>N;cout<<"请设置时间片长度:";cin>>time;cout<<"请输入各进程初始状态:"<<endl;cout<<"ID PRIORITY REACH ALLTIME STARTBLOCK BLOCKTIME"<<endl;for(i=0;i<N;i++){pro[i].CPUTIME=0;pro[i].TIME=0; //结束时间cin>>pro[i].ID>>pro[i].PRIORITY>>pro[i].REACH;cin>>pro[i].ALLTIME>>pro[i].STARTBLOCK>>pro[i].BLOCKTIME;server[i]=pro[i].ALLTIME;if(pro[i].REACH==0) pro[i].STATE=0;else pro[i].STATE=4;}do{cout<<endl<<"当前时刻为:"<<total; //total当前的时刻textcolor(12);cout<<endl<<"========================各进程状态为======================"<<endl;textcolor(15);cout<<"ID PRIORITY CPUTIME ALLTIME STARTBLOCK BLOCKTIME STATE"<<endl;for(i=0;i<N;i++){cout<<pro[i].ID<<" "<<pro[i].PRIORITY<<" "<<pro[i].CPUTIME<<" ";cout<<pro[i].ALLTIME<<" "<<pro[i].STARTBLOCK<<" "<<pro[i].BLOCKTIME<<" "<<pro[i].STATE;cout<<endl;}total+=time; //time为时间片长for(i=0;i<N;i++){if(pro[i].STATE==4&&pro[i].REACH<total){ //？？？？？pro[i].STATE=1; //进程阻塞}}for(i=0;i<N;i++){time1=pro[i].ALLTIME; //进程需要时间if(pro[i].STATE==0){if(pro[i].ALLTIME<=time){//pro[i].CPUTIME+=time1;pro[i].ALLTIME=0;pro[i].STATE=3;pro[i].TIME=total-time+time1;}else{//pro[i].CPUTIME+=time;pro[i].ALLTIME-=time;pro[i].STARTBLOCK--;if(pro[i].STARTBLOCK==0){pro[i].STATE=1;pro[i].BLOCKTIME=time1;pro[i].STARTBLOCK=time1;}pro[i].PRIORITY-=3;pro[i].TIME=total;}}if(pro[i].STATE==1){pro[i].BLOCKTIME--;if(pro[i].BLOCKTIME==0) pro[i].STATE=2;pro[i].TIME=total;}if(pro[i].STATE==2){//pro[i].CPUTIME+=time;pro[i].PRIORITY++;pro[i].TIME=total;}}max=-100;l1=-1;l=-1;for(i=0;i<N;i++){if(pro[i].PRIORITY>max&&(pro[i].STATE==0||pro[i].STATE==2)){ l=i;max=pro[i].PRIORITY;}if(pro[i].STATE==0) l1=i;}if(l!=-1&&l!=l1) pro[l].STATE=0;if(l1!=-1) pro[l1].STATE=2;flag=0;for(i=0;i<N;i++){if(pro[i].STATE!=3){flag=1;break;}}if(flag==0) break;}while(1);cout<<endl<<"当前时刻:"<<total;textcolor(12);cout<<endl<<"========================各进程状态为======================"<<endl;textcolor(15);cout<<"ID PRIORITY CPUTIME ALLTIME STARTBLOCKBLOCKTIME STATE"<<endl;for(i=0;i<N;i++){cout<<pro[i].ID<<" "<<pro[i].PRIORITY<<" "<<pro[i].CPUTIME<<" ";cout<<pro[i].ALLTIME<<" "<<pro[i].STARTBLOCK<<" "<<pro[i].BLOCKTIME<<" "<<pro[i].STATE;cout<<endl;}cout<<endl<<"各进程运行结束!"<<endl;cout<<"进程号到达时间结束时间周转时间带权周转时间"<<endl;textcolor(10);for(i=0;i<N;i++){cout<<" "<<pro[i].ID<<" "<<pro[i].REACH<<" "<<pro[i].TIME<<" "<<pro[i].TIME-pro[i].REACH<<" "<<(float)(pro[i].TIME-pro[i].REACH)/server[i]<<endl;sum+=pro[i].TIME-pro[i].REACH;}cout<<"平均周转时间为:"<<(float)sum/N<<endl;textcolor(15);}实验结果注意：本程序中状态代表如下0-运行1-阻塞2-就绪3-结束4-未到达请输入进程数:3请设置时间片长度:2请输入各进程初始状态:ID PRIORITY REACH ALLTIME STARTBLOCK BLOCKTIME 优先级到达1 4 5 7 8 32 6 0 7 2 87 3 2 6 2 6当前时刻为:0========================各进程状态为======================ID PRIORITY CPUTIME ALLTIME STARTBLOCK BLOCKTIME STATE1 4 0 7 8 3 42 6 0 7 2 8 07 3 0 6 2 6 4当前时刻为:2========================各进程状态为======================ID PRIORITY CPUTIME ALLTIME STARTBLOCK BLOCKTIME STATE1 4 0 7 8 3 42 3 0 5 1 8 27 3 0 6 2 6 4当前时刻为:4========================各进程状态为======================ID PRIORITY CPUTIME ALLTIME STARTBLOCK BLOCKTIME STATE1 4 0 7 8 3 42 4 0 5 1 8 07 3 0 6 2 5 1当前时刻为:6========================各进程状态为======================ID PRIORITY CPUTIME ALLTIME STARTBLOCK BLOCKTIME STATE1 4 0 7 82 12 1 03 54 17 3 0 6 2 4 1当前时刻为:8========================各进程状态为======================ID PRIORITY CPUTIME ALLTIME STARTBLOCK BLOCKTIME STATE1 4 0 7 8 1 12 1 03 5 3 17 3 0 6 2 3 1当前时刻为:10========================各进程状态为======================ID PRIORITY CPUTIME ALLTIME STARTBLOCK BLOCKTIME STATE1 5 0 7 8 0 02 1 03 5 2 17 3 0 6 2 2 1当前时刻为:12========================各进程状态为======================ID PRIORITY CPUTIME ALLTIME STARTBLOCK BLOCKTIME STATE1 2 0 5 7 0 22 1 03 5 1 17 3 0 6 2 1 1当前时刻为:14========================各进程状态为======================ID PRIORITY CPUTIME ALLTIME STARTBLOCK BLOCKTIME STATE1 3 0 5 7 0 22 2 03 5 0 27 4 0 6 2 0 0当前时刻为:16========================各进程状态为======================ID PRIORITY CPUTIME ALLTIME STARTBLOCK BLOCKTIME STATE1 4 0 5 7 0 02 3 0 3 5 0 27 1 0 4 1 0 2当前时刻为:18========================各进程状态为======================ID PRIORITY CPUTIME ALLTIME STARTBLOCK BLOCKTIME STATE1 1 0 3 6 0 22 4 03 5 0 07 2 0 4 1 0 2当前时刻为:20========================各进程状态为======================ID PRIORITY CPUTIME ALLTIME STARTBLOCK BLOCKTIME STATE1 2 0 3 6 0 22 1 0 1 4 0 27 3 0 4 1 0 0当前时刻为:22========================各进程状态为======================ID PRIORITY CPUTIME ALLTIME STARTBLOCK BLOCKTIME STATE1 3 0 3 6 0 02 2 0 1 4 0 27 0 0 2 4 3 1当前时刻为:24========================各进程状态为======================ID PRIORITY CPUTIME ALLTIME STARTBLOCK BLOCKTIME STATE1 0 0 1 5 0 22 3 0 1 4 0 07 0 0 2 4 2 1当前时刻为:26========================各进程状态为======================ID PRIORITY CPUTIME ALLTIME STARTBLOCK BLOCKTIME STATE1 1 0 1 5 0 02 3 0 0 4 0 37 0 0 2 4 1 1当前时刻为:28========================各进程状态为======================ID PRIORITY CPUTIME ALLTIME STARTBLOCK BLOCKTIME STATE1 1 0 0 5 0 32 3 0 0 4 0 37 1 0 2 4 0 0当前时刻:30========================各进程状态为======================ID PRIORITY CPUTIME ALLTIME STARTBLOCK BLOCKTIME STATE1 1 0 0 5 0 32 3 0 0 4 0 37 1 0 0 4 0 3各进程运行结束!进程号到达时间结束时间周转时间带权周转时间1 5 27 22 3.142862 0 25 25 3.571437 2 30 28 4.66667平均周转时间为:25Press any key to continue#include "iostream.h"#include "windows.h"//#define N 3typedef struct{int ID;int PRIORITY;int CPUTIME;int ALLTIME;int STARTBLOCK;int BLOCKTIME;int STATE;//0-运行1-阻塞2-就绪3-结束4-未到达int REACH;int TIME;}PROCESS;void textcolor (int color){SetConsoleTextAttribute (GetStdHandle (STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), color );}void main(){int i,time,max,l,l1,time1,flag=0,total=0,N,server[10],sum=0;PROCESS pro[10];textcolor(13);cout<<"注意：本程序中状态代表如下"<<endl<<"0-运行1-阻塞2-就绪3-结束4-未到达"<<endl<<endl;textcolor(15);cout<<"请输入进程数:";cin>>N;cout<<"请设置时间片长度:";cin>>time;cout<<"请输入各进程初始状态:"<<endl;cout<<"进程名优先级已占用时间还需时间阻塞时间就绪时间状态"<<endl;for(i=0;i<N;i++){pro[i].CPUTIME=0;pro[i].TIME=0;cin>>pro[i].ID>>pro[i].PRIORITY>>pro[i].REACH;cin>>pro[i].ALLTIME>>pro[i].STARTBLOCK>>pro[i].BLOCKTIME;server[i]=pro[i].ALLTIME;if(pro[i].REACH==0) pro[i].STA TE=0;else pro[i].STA TE=4;}do{cout<<endl<<"当前时刻为:"<<total;textcolor(12);cout<<endl<<"========================各进程状态为======================"<<endl;textcolor(15);cout<<"进程名优先级已占用时间还需时间阻塞时间被阻时间状态"<<endl;for(i=0;i<N;i++){cout<<pro[i].ID<<" "<<pro[i].PRIORITY<<" "<<pro[i].CPUTIME<<" ";cout<<pro[i].ALLTIME<<" "<<pro[i].STARTBLOCK<<" "<<pro[i].BLOCKTIME<<" "<<pro[i].STATE;cout<<endl;}total+=time;for(i=0;i<N;i++){if(pro[i].STATE==4&&pro[i].REACH<total){pro[i].STA TE=1;}}for(i=0;i<N;i++){time1=pro[i].ALLTIME;if(pro[i].STATE==0){if(pro[i].ALLTIME<=time){//pro[i].CPUTIME+=time1;pro[i].ALLTIME=0;pro[i].STA TE=3;pro[i].TIME=total-time+time1;}else{//pro[i].CPUTIME+=time;pro[i].ALLTIME-=time;pro[i].STARTBLOCK--;if(pro[i].STARTBLOCK==0){pro[i].STA TE=1;pro[i].BLOCKTIME=time1;pro[i].STARTBLOCK=time1;}pro[i].PRIORITY-=3;pro[i].TIME=total;}}if(pro[i].STATE==1){pro[i].BLOCKTIME--;if(pro[i].BLOCKTIME==0) pro[i].STA TE=2;pro[i].TIME=total;}if(pro[i].STATE==2){//pro[i].CPUTIME+=time;pro[i].PRIORITY++;pro[i].TIME=total;}}max=-100;l1=-1;l=-1;for(i=0;i<N;i++){if(pro[i].PRIORITY>max&&(pro[i].STA TE==0||pro[i].STATE==2)){l=i;max=pro[i].PRIORITY;}if(pro[i].STATE==0) l1=i;}if(l!=-1&&l!=l1) pro[l].STA TE=0;if(l1!=-1) pro[l1].STATE=2;flag=0;for(i=0;i<N;i++){if(pro[i].STATE!=3){flag=1;break;}}if(flag==0) break;}while(1);cout<<endl<<"当前时刻:"<<total;textcolor(12);cout<<endl<<"========================各进程状态为======================"<<endl;textcolor(15);cout<<"进程名优先级已占用时间还需时间阻塞时间被阻时间状态"<<endl;for(i=0;i<N;i++){cout<<pro[i].ID<<" "<<pro[i].PRIORITY<<" "<<pro[i].CPUTIME<<" ";cout<<pro[i].ALLTIME<<" "<<pro[i].STARTBLOCK<<" "<<pro[i].BLOCKTIME<<" "<<pro[i].STATE;cout<<endl;}cout<<endl<<"各进程运行结束!"<<endl;cout<<"进程号到达时间结束时间周转时间带权周转时间"<<endl;textcolor(10);for(i=0;i<N;i++){cout<<" "<<pro[i].ID<<" "<<pro[i].REACH<<" "<<pro[i].TIME<<" "<<pro[i].TIME-pro[i].REACH<<" "<<(float)(pro[i].TIME-pro[i].REACH)/server[i]<<endl;sum+=pro[i].TIME-pro[i].REACH;}cout<<"平均周转时间为:"<<(float)sum/N<<endl;textcolor(15);}。