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建模
3. Model
3.1 Repair Process and Inventory Policy N: identical copies; B: inventory backorder; s: inventory; The expected backorders in steady state is
Availability is equal to
5Hale Waihona Puke 建模3.2 Cost Structure Each time a product failure occurs, the buyer incurs a fixed cost r ≥ 0. The buyer’s expected cost is equal to The vendor’s expected cost is equal to
1
目录
1. Introduction 2. Literature Review 3. Model
3.1 Repair Process and Inventory Policy 3.2 Cost Structure 3.3 Information Structure 3.4 Contract Types and Payoffs 3.5 Signaling Game
4. Benchmark: First-Best Under Complete Information 5. Signaling with Verifiable Inventory
5.1 Resource-Based Contract 5.2 Performance-Based Contract
6. Signaling with Unverifiable Inventory
We seek a perfect Bayesian equilibrium (PBE) that is also renegotiation-proof.
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建模
4. Benchmark: First-Best Under Complete Information
Given the vendor type τ, the first-best outcome is obtained by solving the optimization problem.
Excess wealth ordering（剩余财富序）:
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建模
3.4 Contract Types and Payoffs We can write the buyer’s expected payoff as The vendor’s expected payoff is given by
RBC: PBC:
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建模
3.5 Signaling Game We assume that the vendor, who possesses private information about the reliability of a newly developed product, chooses contract terms and proposes them to the buyer. The buyer then accepts the contract terms if his expected payoff exceeds an outside option valued at θ.
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建模
3.3 Information Structure We assume that the product offered by the vendor is one of two possible types, L or H, where L denotes low reliability and H denotes high reliability. Hazard rate ordering（危险率序）:
6.1 Resource-Based Contract 6.2 Performance-Based Contract
7. Extensions: Efficiency Enhancement Strategies
7.1 Endogenizing Inventory Verifiability 7.2 Pooling Inventory Across Multiple Buyers
8. Conclusions
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背景介绍
1. Introduction
RBC
PBC
供货商 维护
可靠性 私有信息
买方 使用
备用库存
产品
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文献回顾
2. Literature Review PBC for outsourced services asymmetric information in operations management the use of warranties as a signaling mechanism
The value of α set by the vendor in her contract may relay information about whether or not the product is reliable.
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建模
5.1 Resource-Based Contract
In summary, successful signaling by the reliable vendor is possible under RBC when her inventory choice is verifiable, but it comes at a cost since the vendor has to leave positive surplus to the buyer.
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建模
5. Signaling with Verifiable Inventory
We now consider the setting in which the vendor possesses private information about product reliability. 5.1 Resource-Based Contract