六级经典词汇用法重点讲解（一）1. able后面可以接to do, in, for，但是不能接ofto enable sb to do(sth)使...能做to disable sb from doing sth使...不能做2. be absorbed in…全神贯注于...She is completely absorbed in her book. 她在专心致志地看书.3. be abundant/rich in sth...丰富，富于...；an abundance of大量的，丰富的，其后可以接可数或不可数名词，但是总体是当一个可数单数形式使用；The tree yields an abundance of fruit. 这树结果甚多。
in abundance丰富，充裕；But today the delectable seafood is no longer available in abundance.但是今天这种可口的海味已不再大量存在。
4. make the acquaintance of sb= make sb‘s acquaintance主要表示结识，做一个短暂的动词I made his acquaintance two years ago.Acquaint有两个例句I have acquainted myself with their customs.I have been acquainted with their customs.5. be active in work工作积极activity意思是活跃，所以activity in trade商业活跃；其复数activities才表示种种活动campus activities校园活动By/through agency of经...介绍，通过...之手；place/put sth on the agenda把某事提到日程上来Agitation for/against:agitation against the big department stores 煽动反对大百货公司women leading the agitation for equal rights 为争取男女平等而带头辩论的妇女们。
6. add既是及物动词，也是不及物动词，在表示添加，加的时候add…to…把...加到...上是及物动词，在表示增添increase的时候是一个不及物动词add to，The bad weather added to our difficulties.In addition=as well；in addition to=as well as, besides此外，除此之外7. advance growth促进增长；have an advantage over胜过，优于；A man who can think will always have an advantage over others. 能动脑子的人总是会胜过别人。
Take advantage of因利乘便，趁机，利用---a person who is gullible and easy to take advantage of .易受骗并且容易利用的人8. adventure是一个名词，主要指一些使人心振奋，寻求刺激性的冒险；venture是动词也是名词，主要指生命危险或经济风险；the business ventureNothing venture, nothing gain. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子接受(给与)忠告或建议，advice是不可数名词9. take(give) one‘s adviceadvise和advisable后面的that从句都要使用should的虚拟语气I advise that he (should) leave now. It is advisable that he (should) leave now.10. make allowance (s) for=allow for考虑到，顾及，体谅，原谅You should make allowance for his youth= You should allow for his youth.11. alternately轮流地；alternatively另一方面，要不然It may have been because of the weather, or alternatively it may have been the result of indigestion.Be alien to---与...不相容，与性质不同---Cruelty was quite alien to his nature/to him. 残忍的行为与他的本性[与他]格格不入。
12. be angry with sb---生某人的气；be angry at/about sth---因某事生气；be angry生气(状态)；get angry发怒(动作) anger既是动词也是名词，in anger---He hit the boy in anger.他生气而揍了这小子.13. judge by appearance从外表上判断14. answer for对...负有责任---You must answer for her saf ety.Swear的过去式，过去分词是swore，sworn，其在做宣誓，发誓的时候使用swear to...He swore to keep the secret.Swear在做诅咒，咒骂的时候，使用swear at... She swore at the boy.（二）随着...的临近1. at the approach of…主张；argue/reason/talk sb into(out 2. argue with sb about/on sth与...争论；argue that…of) doin g sthWe would like to argue that this is not the case. 我们试图论证情况并非如此.3. be alarmed at心慌---She was rather alarmed at the proposal. 她听到这个建议，有点心慌.Alarm是向...报警，所以---dial 110 to alarm the fire brigade4. range in age from 21 to 70年龄从21岁到70岁不等a (wide) range of:各种各样的；to ranger over论及，涉及--- His studies range over several languages. 他的研究涉及数种语言.People of all ranks社会各阶层人士；rank among属于...之列---Fire losses in the United Sates rank among the highest in the world. 美国火灾损失之大居于世界最前列.Rank...as把...看做---Where do you rank Wordsworth as a poet? 你将华兹华斯列为哪一等诗人?5. make an attack on…攻击---and Joshua and all Israel with him went on to make an attack on Debir;约书亚和以色列众人回到底璧，攻打这城，病)发作---have an attack of(…He's getting on in years and his health isn't all that good; it would be strange if 'he didn't havean attack of cerebral haemorrhage."依他那样的身体，又上了年纪，若不患脑充血，那就当真是怪事一桩?Be attached to附属于，依恋于---No blame is attached to his behavior. 他的行为无可指责.She is deeply attached to her young brother. 她深爱她的小弟弟.Detach…from…A boy would slowly detach himself from the gang. 一个孩子就慢慢地从这个帮伙中退出去.6. attendance和audience在谈及多少的时候用large或small attendant作为形容词意思是伴随的，随之而来的，the attendant difficulties随之而来的困难专心于事业，办些事情(就我查的例句来看，并不表示专心于事业，attend to one‘s business而只是办些事情)---Mr Fogg had sixteen hours in which to attend to his business there, which was to deposit Aouda safely with her wealthy relative.福克先生还可以有十六小时来办一些自己的事情，也就是说替艾娥达夫人找那位亲戚.7. authority的复数authorities才表示当局，官方---the authorities concerned有关当局an authority on---在...方面的权威---He is an authority on English.Authority over---对...人的凌驾---Chinese parents have more authority over their children.8. avenge为...报仇.报...之仇He avenged his father‘s nurder.Revenge既是名词也是动词We will avenge/revenge ourselves on the enemy. We will take our revenge on the enemy.9. avoid/escape + doing；be void/devoid of common sense缺乏常识；void既是名词也是形容词一是是空的，无效的；devoid是一个形容词意思是空无的，缺乏的只能做表语10. To bar sb from doing = prevent sb from doing11. base主要做具体的基础，basis主要做抽象的基础，其复数是bases the base of a building 建筑物的基础，the economic basis经济基础basic principle基本原则12. have a bearing on=have connection with与...有关---Attention should be centred on the links that have a bearing on the situation as a whole.应该注意那些涉及全局的重要关节13. combat是一个及物动词，battle是名词也是动词，但是是一个不及物动词；所以A combat B=A battle with B ；debate既是名词也是动词；hold a debate on举行一次对...问题的辩论14. accuse指控，指责---accuse sb of doing sth；blame sb for doing sth；blame sth on/onto sbexcuse sb for原谅某人(做某事)；ecuse sb from使某人免除，允许某人不(做某事)(三)1. on end---接连地---three days on end; means and ends目的与手段---Do you think that the end justifies the means?2. behavior和conduct都是不可数名词3. hinder有两个意思，如果是做阻止则用介词from，如果表示妨碍，则使用介词into hinder him from going---阻止他前往；to hinder him in his work---妨碍他工作4. circumstance的复数才表示境遇，经济情况；get to know the circumstance了解情况under the circumstances在此情况下，既然如此；under no circumstances在任何情况下都不—用于句首的时候主语和谓语中的助动词都要倒装5. board and lodging膳宿(费)---How kind of Bill to get our board and lodging ready. 约翰真好,给我们安排好了食宿.He pays 40 a week board and lodging. 他每周支付膳宿费40英镑.6. go blind失明；be blind to对...视而不见；Love is blind爱情是盲目的；He is blind in the left eye.7. break the peace扰乱治安；breach of the peace对治安的扰乱(breach是一个名词)8. a broad mind宽广豁达的胸怀；at home and abroad国内外；go abroad出国；spread abroad传播地很广；chain broadcast联播；relay broadcast转播9. bury oneself in(doing)sth---专心致力于(做)...(但是按照例句查找，还有使自己沉浸于某地，埋没于某地的意思)Now he could not bury himself in those thoughts. 现在他静不下心来想这些事.It is asking much of a wealthy man to come down and bury himself in a place of this kind...要想使一位有钱的人屈尊埋没在这样一个地方，确实有点说不过去10. recall表示经过一番努力后想起，remember表示自然而然想起；remind sb of sth；recall sth to sbThe picture reminds me of my school days. The picture recalls my school days to me/my mind.11. reconcile可以指使和好，使和解，使协调---I couldn‘t reconcile the two.Reconcile在表示意思使顺从于，使甘心于的时候要加介词toI can‘t reconcile myself to such a theory.Counsel既是名词也是动词，较advice更为正式，不过两者都是不可数名词；Give/offer counsel提出忠告；---将意见(或计划)保密，不相信别人He counseled starting earlier. Keep one‘s own counsel---All we have got to do is, to keep our own counsel , and remain perfectly quiet, not breathing a word to any living soul; 只要我们自己保守秘密，不声不响的，对这件事不去对别人泄露一个字就得了.Take counsel together---共同商量---We take counsel together as to which course should be adopted.我们共同商量该采取什么方针.(四)1. on the campus注意是on，也注意campus的拼写2. try to get information from various channels---多渠道获得信息3. capable +of; capability of/for；He is a man of great capability.他是个大有作为的人4. escape是一个及物动词也是一个名词，所以escape death死里逃生；have a narrow escape from...幸免于(难)Unexpectedly, this soldier could have a narrow escape from death.这个战士能够死里逃生，是人们没有想到的.Escape + doing:We were lucky to escape being punished. 我们很幸运,没有受罚Be taken captive被俘Capacity指接受上，理解上的能力---He has great capacity of learning language.；accuse后不可以接that从句；charge…with；charge that…5. accuse…ofThey accused Jim of murder. They charged Jim with murder.They charged that Jim had committed murder.Discharge sb from obligation----解除责任"Loss of or damage to the goods after the risk has passed to the Buyer does not discharge himfrom his obligation to pay the price, unless the loss or damage is due to an act or omission of the seller."货物在风险移转到买方承担后遗失或损坏,买方支付价款的义务并不因此解除,除非这种遗失或损坏是由于卖方的行为或不行为所造成.6. cure sb of a disease---治愈某人的疾病---You'll never cure him of his meanness;it's in his bones.你决不可能治好他那小气的毛病，他本性就是如此.Treat sb for a disease---治疗某人的病---When I treat a patient for pneumonia.要是我将一个病人作为肺炎患者来治疗.A secure life无忧无虑的生活；feel secure about…对...感到放心---The organization also says exporters can feel secure about the openness of foreign markets.并宣称出口商可对外国市场的开放度放心.7. in case +从句：假使，万一---Take the raincoat in case it rains. 带着雨衣,以防下雨.In case of +单词或短语:假使，如果发生，防备---In case of nondelivery, return to the sender. 如无法投递，则归还寄件人.In the case of就...而言---This is true in the case of the army and the organization. 以军队和企业来说确实是如此. Casualty insurance:灾害保险；on this occasion在这个场合下；on the occasion of…值...之际8 be cautious of/about表示注意，小心语气比careful强烈；He is cautious of telling secrets.=He is cautious not to tell secrets.Caution既是动词也是名词；take caution against:提防；caution sb against doing sth=caution sb not to do sth---警告某人别做某事Take precaution against预防---To take severe precaution against smuggling 严防偷漏9. hide/conceal sth from sb---He tried to conceal the truth from me.以...换...；in exchange for以交换...To give 10. change sth into sth---将...变成...；change sth for…money in exchange for goods or services. 付款为商品或服务而付款和(某人)换...exchange…for…--以...换取...；exchange…with sb for sth—11. weak character脆弱的性格；winning personality吸引人的个性(五)1. pick and choose--- Don't pick and choose, but take what's given to you.Choose to do情愿做...---I choose to learn from it. 我选择从中吸取教训.Have no choice but(to do)---除...外别无他法，不得不---If you press too hard,they would have no choice but to apply for bankruptcy. 你逼急了，它就只好破产.2. 500 B. C---公元前500年; A. D. 500公元500年3. civil servants文职人员；urban城市的---urbane有礼貌的，文雅的；rural乡村的---rustic土气的，粗俗的有人说，据说，据称---4. claim既是名词也是动词---It is claimed that…It is claimed that more petroleum may be preserved in stratigraphic than in structural traps.有人主张，地层圈闭也许比构造圈闭存有更多的石油.Exclaim against injustice鸣不平---Widows exclaim loudly against second marriages.寡妇们大声非议再婚Proclaim是一个及物动词，其主语只能是权力机关或政府领导---proclaim war宣战；proclaim a law宣布法律5. classic意思是一流的，最上等的；classical才是‖古典的---找(遇)到对手6. find(meet) one‘s match7. clean还可以做副词意思是‖一干二净地，完全地；---Sorry, I clean forgot.cleanly意思是‖清洁地，干净利落地‖ clear还有批准的意思，同样的clearance也可以做批准的名词The plane tool off as soon as it was cleared. The plane took off as soon as it got clearance.Get clearance (for sth)---(为...)获得许可，批准---They got clearance for their plan and started to reclaim valuable raw materials from industrialwaste water.计划得到批准，他们开始从工业废水中回收有价值的原料.Analyze the situation with clarity透彻地分析形式declare的例句;He declared that it was true.= He declared it to be ture.8. be in sb.'s clutches 在某人掌握之下；fall into the clutches of 遭［逃脱］...的毒手；陷入［摆脱］...的控制；fall out of the clutches of 遭［逃脱］...的毒手；陷入［摆脱］...的控制；get into the clutches of 遭［逃脱］...的毒手；陷入［摆脱］...的控制；get out of the clutches of 遭［逃脱］...的毒手；陷入［摆脱］...的控制9. exclusive of=excluding不计...在内---exclusive of all other expenses 除去其它一切费用不算exclusive to为...所独享，独有---ATM popularized the concept of QoS, but it is not exclusive to ATM.ATM(异步传输模式)使QoS概念广为人知，但它不是ATM专有的.Conclude除了表示做出结论和推论出以外，还可以表示‖结束，完结);缔结，协定Conclude (a) peace---缔结合约；conclude a meeting=close a meeting；The film closed/concluded with the heroine‘s death. In conclusion最后，总之---In conclusion he wished us very success in our work. 最后，他祝我们工作顺利.10. make a close study of对...进行仔细研究---Advertisers have made a close study of human nature and have classified all our little weaknesses.广告者仔细研究了人的本性并且把我们的各种小小弱点一一分类.11. cloudy ideas模糊的观念12. a collective opinion大家的意见；the collective wishes of the people---人民的共同愿望recall/recollect +(doing) sth；recall强调一次回忆；recollect强调会议过程colonialist殖民主义者，殖民主的；colonist殖民者，移民13. in combination with=together with14. 在谈及income, expense, fortune,的时候不用much，little而使用large，small15. demand后面使用demand sth of sb，而不是使用demand sb sth; demand在其后的that从句总使用should的虚拟语气，并且不存在deamd sb to do这种形式I demanded an answer of him. I demanded that John (should) go there at once.16. communicate a disease to others传播疾病immune是一个形容词，其有两个意思，在表示‖免疫的，有免疫力的时候，其后加to，在表示免除的豁免的的时候，其后加fromBe immune to the disease; be immune from taxationImmunize表示使免疫---Vaccination immunizes people against smallpox.。