7A语法总结一、一般现在时第一，动词be 的三变化am is are. 我（I）用am ,你（you）用are ,is 用于他(he)她(she)它(it)，单数名词用is,复数名词都用are句型结构：1、肯定句：主语+am\is\are … It is a football.2、否定句：主语+am\is\are+not… It is not a football.3、一般疑问句：Am\Is\Are+主语+其他？Is it a football? 回答Yes, it is. No, it isn’t4、特殊疑问句：疑问句+am/is/are +主语+其他？What’s your name?用be 动词的适当形式填空1、She ________ my cousin. Her name _______ Li Jie.2、Tom and I ________ good friends3、What _____ this in English？It ______ a book4、________ you Jack? Yes, I _______5、What ________ those? They ______ his notebooks.第二，行为动词的一般现在时行为动词的一般现在时的构成：主语+行为动词+（其他）当主语为第三人称单数（he, she, it）时，谓语动词也要用单数形式。

用好一般现在时，时间状态需牢记;主语人称是三单，动词要把-s/-es 添；基本用法要记清，状态习惯经常性。

行为动词的一般现在时的变化1.否定句：主语+ don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形+其他I don’t like bread.He doesn’t often play football.2.一般疑问句：Do/Does + 主语+动词原形+其他Do you often play football? Yes, I am /No, I am notDoes he often play football? Yes, he does/ No, he doesn’t3、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句+一般疑问句？When do you go to school? I go to school at seven o’clock.动词的三单形式的变化：动词三单现在时，一般在词尾加SS,x,ch,sh,在词尾，直接加上-es词尾若是字母o ,加上-es 不用愁。

词尾是“辅音字母+y” ,先变y为i, 后边再加-es巩固练习：用动词的适当形式填空1.I like ____________ (swim).2.He _________(read) English every day.3.We _________(go)to school at seven in the morning.4.Mike________(go)to school at seven in the morning.5.My mother________(like) ______(go) shopping.6.I can ________(draw) many beautiful pictures.7.She_________(make) a model plane.8.Do you ________(like)_________(run)?9.Does he_________(like)_________(jump) ?10.Does Nancy_________(grow)flowers on Saturday ?11.The teachers________(like)___________(dance).12.The teacher________(like)____________(dance).13.The students___________(speak) English in class.14.The student_________(speak) Chinese after class.15. Let's____________and play football . ( go )二、人称代词人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。

I am a teacher. You are student. He is a student, too.We/You/They are students.人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。

Give it to me.??Let’s go (let’s =let us)三、物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。

物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人称和数的变化见下表。

形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词而名词性物主代词则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。

如：Is this your book? No,，it isn’t，it’s hers(her book)This pen is mine.巩固练习：1. __________ is my aunt. We often visit __________. ( she )2. China is a developing country. _________is in the east of Asia. ( its )3.What day is __________ today? — __________ is Thursday. (its)4. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of ____ . (we )5. I own a blue bike. The red one isn’t __________. ( I )6. These new houses are so nice. __________ are very expensive.( them )7. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didn’t __________? ( them )8.Ling Ling is a girl. ____ studies in a primary school. ______ brother lives with____ and helps____ with______ lessons. ( she )9. Mike is my classmate. ____ is good at English . ( his )10. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to ____ ? ( she )11. What’s the weather like today ? ____ is cloudy. ( its )12. I ate all ____ sandwiches yesterday.( I ) Can I have one of ____ ? ( you )13. George has lost ____ ( his ) pen. Ask Mary if(是否)she will lend him ____ . ( she )14.Jack has a dog and so have I. ____ ( he ) dog and ____ ( I ) had a fight (打架).15. The teacher wants you to return that book of ____ ( he )四，介词in一般在“上午”“下午”“晚上”，还有时间段，年、月、季节；On 指特定的某一天，日期，星期和具体的节日At 用在时刻前，还有正午，午夜和表示一段时间的节日巩固练习：1.?Children?get?gifts?____?Christmas?and?____?their?birthdays.?A.?on;?on?????B.?at;?on????C.?in;?in????D.?in;?on??2.----There?is?nothing?____tomorrow?afternoon,?is?there??-----No.?We?can?have?a?game?of?table?tennis.??A.?on???????B.?in??????C.?out?????D.?up???3.?A?lot?of?students?in?our?school?were?born____March,?1981.?A.?in????????B.?at????????C.?on??????D.?since???4.?He?suddenly?returned____?a?rainy?night.?A.?on??????B.?at??????C.?in??????D.?during??5.?My?grandfather?was?born____Oct.?10,?1935.?A.?on???????B.?in???????C.?at????????D.?of??6.?The?train?is?starting___five?minutes.?A.?in????????B.?at??????C.?for???????D.still??7.?Mike?does?his?exercises?____?seven?_____?the?evening.?A.?on;?to????????B.?at;?in????????C.?by;?of???????D.?at;?on??8.?Children?wake?up?very?early____the?morning?of?Christmas?Day.?A.?in?????????B.?on????????C.?for???????D.?at???9.?____?a?cold?winter?morning,?I?met?her?in?the?street.?A.?In????????B.?On???????C.?At???????D.?For??10?.It?happened?to?be?very?cold____?the?morning?of?our?sports?meeting.?A.?at????????B.?on????????C.?with??????D.?of??11.?Why?did?you?get?up?so?early?___?this?morning.?A.?on????????B.?/????????C.?at????????D.?in??12.?He?went?to?Shanghai___?September?3rd,?1991?and?came?back___?a?cold?morning ?last?year.?A.?in;?on???????B.?on;?in???????C.?on;?on???????D.?in;?in??13.?Lucy?was?born____?the?night?of?May?12,?1984.?.?...?A.?on??????????B.?in?????????C.?at?????????D.?to??14.?Mrs.?Brown?came?to?China?____?1996A.on?????????B.?of?????????C.?to,????????D.?in??15?___?the?morning?of?November?20,?1915,?the?workers?came?to?Chicago?to?show?th eir?mourning?of?Joe?Hill.?A.?On????????B.?In?????????C.?On???????D.?At五、频度副词从频率最大到频率最小依次为：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never.对频率副词提问要用how often巩固练习：1. -Does Alice often work until 2 a.m.?-No, she ________ does.A. nearlyB. certainlyC. seldomD. always2.–I didn’t know you take a bus to school.-Oh, I ______ take a bus, but it is snowing today.A. hardlyB. neverC. sometimesD. usually3. -Were you often late for school last term, Tom?-No, _______. I got to school early every day.A. AlwaysB. UsuallyC. SometimesD. Never4.–How often do you go to a concert?-_______ ever. I’m not interested in that at all.A. UsuallyB. HardlyC. Almost5. -John sings so well. Has he ever been trained?-No. He learns all by himself. He ________ goes to any training class.A. usuallyB. oftenC. neverD. even6.–Miss Gao is very popular with her students.-Yes. Her classes are ______ lively and interesting.A. seldomB. neverC. sometimesD. always7.We are going to have a party ________ next week.A. sometimeB. some timeC. sometimesD. some times8. Sandy is so careful that she ________ makes mistakes in her homework.A. usuallyB. seldomC. oftenD. Always9.—Please drive ______ when you pass a school.—OK.A. nearlyB. earlyC. slowlyD. really10.—Have you ever been to Disneyland?—No, ______.I hope I can go there next year.A. alwaysB. sometimesC. neverD. often11.—How often do the students play sports?A. Twice a dayB. Since last nightC. For two hoursD. A month ago12. I play basketball every day because I want to play as ______ as Yao Ming.A. wellB. betterC. best13. Mike hurt his back seriously and can_____ get out of bed without help.A. quicklyB. easilyC. nearlyD. hardly14.— Did you go to the cinema to see 3D Titanic last night?—No, I go to the cinema. The tickets are too expensive.A.hardlyB. nearlyC. stillD. Only15. — How often do you exercise?—ever. Because I am very busy with my work.A. HardlyB. NearlyC. AlwaysD. Almost六、特殊疑问句语法：特殊疑问句定义：特殊疑问句是用来对句子的某一部分提问的疑问句，以疑问词开头结构：特殊疑问句的基本结构疑问词+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语动词特殊疑问词分类：疑问代词有：what（什么）, which（哪一个）, who（谁）, whose（谁的）疑问副词有：where（哪里）, when（什么时候）, why（为什么）, how（怎么样）疑问词还可以与某些单词搭配，构成疑问词短语，如：what time（什么时间）, what colour（什么颜色）, how many（多少）, how much （多少，多少钱）how long（多长）, how often（多久一次）, how old（几岁）, how tall（多高）巩固练习：1．They bought a new bike yesterday.____________________________________________________2．She is my teacher.____________________________________________________3．It is my coat .____________________________________________________4．I get up at six .____________________________________________________5．I am from Hubei .____________________________________________________6．I went to school late because I got up late.____________________________________________________7. They boy under the tree is Jack.____________________________________________________8. The yellow cat is Sammy?____________________________________________________9. There are six boxes on the desk?____________________________________________________10. It is windy ._____________________________________________________11. There are six boxes on the desk?____________________________________________________12. My bag is red .______________________________________________________13. The book is Li Hua’s.______________________________________________________15. They are five yuan .______________________________________________________八，冠词的用法定冠词a，an 的用法元音因素前用“an” an hour 一个小时 a useful book 一本有用的书巩固练习：1.?I?read?______story.?It?is?______interesting?story.???A.?a,?an??????????B.?a,?a??????????C.?the,?the??????????D.?/,?an?2.?Britain?is?__?European?country?and?China?is?___?Asian?country.???A.?an,?an?????????B.?a,?a??????????C.?a,?an????????????D.?an,?a?3.?______China?is?_____?old?country?with?_____?long?history.???A.?The,?an,?a??????B.?The,?a,?a???????C.?/,?an,?the????????D.?/,?an,?a?4.?_____elephant?is?bigger?than?______?horse.???A.?/,?/????????????B.?an,?a??????????C.?An,?a???????????D.?/,?the?5.?We?always?have?______rice?for?______lunch.???A.?/,?/????????????B.?the,?/??????????C.?/,?a????????????D.?the,?the?6.?It?took?me?______?hour?and?_____?half?to?finish?______?work.???A.?a,?a,?a??????????B.?an,?a,?a????????C.?an,?a,?the???????D.?an,?a,?/?7.?______?doctor?told?me?to?take?______?medicine?three?times?______day,?stay?in?__ ___bed,?then?I?would?be?better?soon.???A.?/,?a,?a,?the???????B.?A,?the,?the,?/?????C.?The,?the,?a,?/????D.?A,?/,?a,?/?8.?There?is?____?picture?on?____?wall.?I?like?____?picture?very?much.???A.?a,?the,?the???????B.?a,?the,?a???????C.?the,?a,?a????????D.?a,?an,?the?9.?January?is?______first?month?of?the?year.???A.?a??????????????B.?/?????????????C.?an????????????D.?the?10.?Shut?_____door,?please.???A.?a??????????????B.?an????????????C.?the????????????D./?11.?Einstein?won?_____?Nobel?Prize?in?Physics?in?1921.???A.?a???????????????B.?an???????????C.?the????????????D.?/?12.?What?____?fine?day?it?is?today!?Let's?go?to?the?Summer?Palace.???A.?a???????????????B.?an????????????C.?the???????????D.?/?13.?I?like?music,?but?I?don't?like?____?music?of?that?TV?play.???A.?a???????????????B.?an????????????C.?the???????????D.?/?14.?____?girl?over?there?is?____?English?teacher.???A.?The,?an??????????B.?A,?/???????????C.?The,?/?????????D.?A,?a?15.?It's?____?exciting?way?to?shop?on?the?Net.???A.?a???????????????B.?an?????????????C.?the???????????D.?/?七，不定代词的运用Some 用于肯定句any 用于一般疑问句和否定句巩固练习：用some和any填空.?1.??????I?have?_____________good?friends?in?my?class.?2.??????Is?there?____________water?in?the?bottle???3.??????Do?you?have?____________________money???4.They?don’t?have?______________time?to?go?there.?5.There?are?________________cakes?on?the?table.6.I?don’t?have?__________________milk?for?breakfast.?7.Does?he?have?______________brothers?or?sisters??8.There?aren’t?_____________pictures?on?the?wall.?9.Can?I?ask?____________________questions???10.??Are?there?________flowers?in?you?classroom????No,?there?aren’t?_________.?11.??We?have?____________apples,?but?we?don’t?have?____________pears.?12.??Is?there?__________orange?juice?in?the?fridge???Yes,?there?is?____________.?13.??I?can?speak?____________English,?but?I?can’t?speak?___________Russian.?14.??Do?they?have?____________color?pencil???No,?they?don’t?have?___________.?15.??There?isn’t?____________meat?at?home.?I?must?go?and?buy?____________.? There is +可数名词单数/不可数名词There are +可数名词复数形式巩固练习：1.There ______ any rice in the bowl.A. areB. IsC. isn’tD. aren’t2. There ______ many apples on the tree last year.A. have beenB. wereC. areD. is3. There ______ a film tomorrow evening.A. will haveB. haveC. is going to beD. has4. There is some milk in the bottle, ______?A. isn’t thereB. aren’t thereC. isn’t itD. are there5. how many boys ______ there in the Class One?A. beB. isC. areD. am6. There ______ a lot of good news in today’s newspaper.A. isB. areC. wasD. were7. There ______ pencil-box, and some flowers on the desk.A. is aB. are someC. has aD. have some8. There ______ an apple and ten bananas in the basket.A. areB. isC. hasD. have9. ______ any flowers on both sides of the street?A. Is thereB. Are thereC. HasD. Have10. There is little water n the glass, ______?A. isn’t thereB. isn’t itC. is itD. is there11. What did you see in the basket then? There ______ a bottle of orange and some oranges.A. isB. areC. wasD. were12. ______ is there on the table?A. How many applesB. How much breadC. How much breadsD. How many food.13.There ______ something wrong with our classroom.A. areB. hasC. isD. have14.There is some ______ on the table.A. appleB. orangeC. cakeD. sandwich15. There is little water in the glass, ______?A. isn’t thereB. isn’t itC. is itD. is there八、现在进行时1.定义：现在进行时表示正在发生或进行的动作。