2019届高三英语总复习测试卷五一、阅读理解。

A【江西省新余市第一中学2019届高三下学期全真模拟】The best bikes for the beginnersWhen it comes to purchasing your first bike, the choice is endless, making it tough to know what to go for. Here are the best buys on the market right now.Boardman CX CompThis is a cross-country bike, and it’s so versatile（多用途的）that you can handle any terrain（地势）on it, making it a great choice for those wanting to try various cycling subjects. If you leave on the thick tires it comes with, it can ride on various paths and can even handle some less demanding mountain bike routes. Alternatively, put on thin, slick tires and treat it as a road bike. It has basket and comes with Shimano Sora gears, which are outstanding for its price.&650, HalfordsPlanet X RT-58 v2Planet C is based in Yorkshire, which means you’d probably have to buy this bike without seeing it. But it’s worth it, because this is an excellent machine at a lower price. Planet X is a highly rated manufacture and this model comes with Shimano Sora gears.&439, Planet XSpecialized Allez ESSpecialized is one of the biggest and most popular brands in cycling, and this is its hugely popular primary road bike. It comes with solid components from front to back and you’ll look great out on the road.&575, Evans CyclesBoardman Road Team CarbonIf you can push budget further still, this bike is worth the extra investment. The frame is made entirely from carbon, which is lighter, faster and more comfortable than the composition metal models above and gives you an all-round more enjoyable ride. It also means that if you get really serious about cycling, you don’t have to upgrade as quickly as you would with a cheaper bike.&800, Halfords1. Compared with other bikes, what is the strength of the Boardman CX Comp?A. Its outstanding priceB. Its Shimano Sora gearsC. Dealing with any terrainD. Putting on very firm tires2. Which is suitable for you if you want to buy at an economical price but with Shimano Sora gears?A. Planet X RT-58 v2B. Specialized Allez ESC. Boardman CX CompD. Boardman Road Team Carbon3. What can we know about the bikes mentioned in the text?A. The second has sold out so fast.B. You should be careful when riding the third.C. The forth is very expensive but with special material.D. You can only ride the first on the mountainous road.B【广东省佛山市南海区南海中学2019届高三考前七校联合体高考冲刺交流】Generally speaking, government regulations normally ban anything from smoking in public places to parking in certain zones. But officials in the Brazilian town of Biritiba Mirim, 70km (45miles) east of Sao Paulo,have gone far beyond that. They plan to prohibit residents from dying early because the local cemetery(墓地) has reached full capacity.There’s no more room to bury the dead, they can’t be cr emated(火化) and laws forbid a new cemetery. So the mayor has proposed a strange solution: outlaw death. Mayor Roberto Pereira says the bill is meant as a protest against federal regulations that prohibit new or expanded cemeteries in preservation areas. “They have not taken local demands into consideration”, he claims.A 2019 decree(法令) by Brazil’s National Environment Council forbids burial grounds in protected areas. Mr. Pereira wants to build a new cemetery, but the project has been stopped because 98% of Biritiba Mirim is considered as a preservation area.Biritiba Mirim, a town of 28,000 inhabitants, not only wants to prohibit residents from passing away. The bill also calls on people to take care of their health in order to avoid death. “I haven’t got a job, nor am I healthy. And now they say I can’t die. That’s ridiculous,” Amarido do Prado, an unemployed resident said.The city council is expected to vote on the regulation next week. “Of course the bill is laughable, illegal, and will never be approved,” said Gilson Soares de Campos, an assistant of the mayor. “But can you think of a better resolution to persuade the government to change the environmental decree that is prohibiting us from building a new cemetery?” The bill states that “offenders will b e held responsible for their acts.” However, it does not say what the punishment will be.4. What is the bill to be proposed by the officials in Biritiba Mirim?A. Ban on building a new cemetery.B. Ban on parking in certain zones.C. Forbidding buried grounds in preservation.D. Prohibiting residents from dying early.5. What can we infer from the phrase “have gone far beyond that” in the first paragraph?A. The officials in Biritiba Mirim have made these regulations.B. The officials in Biritiba Mirim have been to many places around the world.C. The bill to be proposed by officials in Biritiba Mirim is much too unexpected.D. The officials in Biritiba Mirim have built too many cemeteries in their town.6. What’s the attitude of the mayor of Biritiba Mirim towards the federal regulations?A. He gives strong backing to them.B. He objects to them.C. He remains silent about them.D. He asks the residents for advice on them.7. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?A. The bill has come into effect but it doesn’t state clearly what punishments the offenders will receive.B. The residents of the town sing high praise for the bill.C. The government is going to change the unreasonable and laughable decree.D. No better resolution of the problems has been thought out.C【江西省新余市第一中学2019届高三下学期全真模拟考试】Over a hundred years ago in 1911, something strange was found in the glaciers of Antarctica. Grilffith Taylor—an Australian geologist, had discovered a blood red steam pouring out of the ice cascades（瀑布）of Talor Glacier! Popularly known as the Blood Falls, scientists had not been able to find the reason behind the blood red liquid flowing through the ice---until recently. The mystery of the Blood Falls had finally been solved.When these falls were first discovered, scientists had believed that the red colour came from a large amount of red algae（海藻）concentrated in the water. Red algae contain a pigment（色素）which reflects red light, making the algae appear red.This theory made sense, until it was later found that algae do not play a part in the red color1 of the flowing liquid at all. What really causes Talor Glacier’s waters appear blood red, is the presence of iron oxide in the liquid. The waters of the blood falls are rich in salt and iron content, and when this water comes in contact with the air, it turns red—just like rust! The water in these falls is often referred to as “brine” by scientists because of the high salt content in the water.This reasoning behind the red color1 s of the falls was found back in 2019. However, the entire mystery had not yet been solved. How is it then, that the Blood Falls are not frozen?Researchers at the University of Colorado and University of Alaska found that inside the glacier, there was a network of channels and reservoirs that move the water around. Salt water has a lower freezing temperature. In addition, when any substance undergoes a change in state, it gives off heat. Therefore, the brine actually warm itself up while it’s fre ezing! How this works, is that when the brine is flowing through the Talor Glacier, some of it does freeze. As a result of changing state from liquid to ice, the brine gives off heat. This heat is enough to keep the rest of the rest of the brine in liquid form, which is why it flows out of the glacier.Incredible new chemistry facts found, any mystery solved!8. According to the text, the red algae theory was once considered ________.A. ridiculousB. reasonableC. impracticalD. complex9. Why does the Blood Falls look red in colour?A. Because there is too much salt and iron in its water.B. Because its liquid is rich in red algae.C. Because the following liquid reflects and sunlightD. Because the air is thin and rare in Antarctica.10. What is the main reason for the Blood Fall’s not freezing?A. The water continued flowing constantly.B. There is too much salt in the water.C. The brine gives off heat while freezingD. Temperatures aren’t high enough for flowing water.11. What is the passage mainly about?A. The discovery of the blood glacier.B. The birth of the Talor Glacier.C. The flowing red water in Antarctica.D. The mystery of the Blood Falls.D【广东省中山一中、仲元中学等七校2019届高三第一次（8月）联考】On January 13, 2019, France became the first country in the world to pass a law requiring supermarkets to donate food that is approaching its expiration date (保质期) instead of throwing it away. The regulation that applies to supermarkets over 4,000 square feet requires stores to sign official donation agreements with local food banks.The law also makes it illegal for stores to pour water over nearly-expired food, or store it inside locked warehouses until it is picked up by the garbage trucks. These measures are often undertaken by supermarkets to prevent the hungry from searching for food through the dustbins.Though that may appear cruel, the stores claim they do it to avoid potential food poisoning that could occur if the product is on its way past its expiry. Those who do not obey the new law face the risk of heavy fines.Also, excess goods like yogurt or milk that are likely to go bad quickly are now allowed to be donated directly to the food banks. Though this has always been possible, the current process is long and complex, making it difficult for producers to give away the food in a timely manner.France’s food banks are of course thrilled about the possibility of receiving extra food. Jacques Bailet, who heads a network of French food banks called the Banques Alimentaires, says that of the 110,000 tons of goods received annually, only 36,000 tons comes from supermarkets. Bailet estimates (估计) that just a 15% increase in supermarket donations would translate to over 10 million additional meals to feed the hungry each year.Though this is a great first step, Arash Dermabarsh, the activist responsible for the grassroots movement that led to the ban, is not done. He now wants to extend the law to other places like restaurants and also try to convince other countries in the European Union to pass similar regulations. These steps are necessary because of the over 9 million tons of food wasted in France; an astonishing 67% is thrown away by consumers, with supermarkets and restaurants making up the rest.12. What should stores do with nearly-expired food?A. Throw it away.B. Send it to the hungry.C. Store it in refrigerators.D. Give it away to food banks.13. What does the underlined word “excess” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Extra.B. Cheap.C. Seasonal.D. Returned.14. What might Bailet agree with about the French food banks?A. They have a lot of expired food.B. They will get much benefit from the law.C. Their food is enough for the people in need.D. Their food mainly comes from supermarkets.15. What does Dermabarsh plan to do?A. Build more food banks in France.B. Make the law take effect in more places.C. Organize a campaign to promote this law.D. Raise consumers awareness of waste reduction.E【甘肃省兰州第一中学2019届高三上学期期中考试】You’re probably most familiar with college dictionaries, often called abridged dictionaries．Although abridged means ―shortened, these dictionaries contain more than 150,000 entries and provide detailed definitions that are sufficient for most college students and general users.16.__________.Webster’sⅡ New Riverside University Dictionary and the American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language are college dictionaries.Unabridged dictionaries contain as many as 500,000 entries and provide detailed definitions and extensive word histories (etymologies词源)．17.__________．Unabridged dictionaries include the Oxford English Dictionary and the Random House Dictionary of the English Language.18.__________．Some entries also include plurals and capitalized forms, synonyms, antonyms, and derivatives．Americanisms and etymologies may be provided along with usage notes, cross-references, and idioms. If you prefer using the dictionary on a computer, you can obtain CD-ROM versions of many major dictionaries．In addition, you can access numerous dictionaries, such as WWWebster’s Dictionary, on the Internet．19.__________．Online dictionaries also offer additional features, such as word games, language tips, and amusing facts about words．Some online dictionary services allow you to access numerous dictionaries, both general and specialized, in on search.20.__________．For example, there are dictionaries for the specialized vocabularies of law, computer technology, and medicine．In addition, there are dictionaries of synonyms, cliche’s, slang, and even regional expressions, such as the Dictionary of American Regional English (DARE)．There are also dictionaries of foreign languages, famous people’s names, literary characters’ names and place names.A．Specialized dictionaries provide in-depth information about a certain field.B．These dictionaries, possibly in several volumes and mostly found in libraries, are excellent sources for scholarly inquiries.C．But dictionaries these days do not judge how a word should be used．They simply describe how people use them, and Random House, for example, have free online services.D．Online dictionaries allow you to enter a search word to see a definition, and sometimes even an illustration.E．College dictionaries also contain separate lists of abbreviations, biographical and geographical names, foreign words and phrases, and tables of measures.F．A dictionary entry has many elements: multiple definitions, syllabication, preferred spelling and pronunciation, and part-of-speech labels.G．Many of the 10,000 new words in the Eleventh Edition of the Collegiate Dictionary involve computers.二、完形填空。