●肯定结构:
1. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。
如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。
有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。
如:This way, please. = Go this way, pleas
e. 请这边走。
2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。
如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!
3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分)。
如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
●否定结构:
1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't构成。
如:Don't forget me! 不要忘记我!
Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到!
2. Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语+ not + 动词原形+ 其它成分”。
如:Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
3. 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。
如:No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼! 表示禁止时，尤其是标语等也可用“No+名词／动名词”来表示。
No parking!
No entry!
No litter!
"Let"后头除了是不带"to"的不定式动词(The infinitive without"to")之外，还可以是某些适当的副词，如out, in, down, alone等：
(13) Let the puppy out.
(14) Open the windows and let the fresh air in.
祈使句专项练习
一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. __________ (not, be )late.
2. ____________ (dust) the dressing table.
3. ____________ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food.
4. ____________ ( not, talk) and ____________ (read) a book.
5. Open the window and ____________ (shut) the door.
6. Let’s ____________ (sweep) the floor.
二、选择填空
( )1 .The doctor says: “________ work so hard”
A Stop
B Don’t
C Can’t
D No ( )2. ________ in bed. It’s bad for your eyes.
A Not to read
B Don’t read
C Don’t to read
D Not read ( )3.Please ________ look outside. Look at the blackboard.
A not
B don’t
C aren’t
D can’t ( ) 4. The TV is too loud. Please________.
A. turn it down
B. to turn it down
C. turn down it
D. to turn down it ( )5. Kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow.
A. bring
B. brings
C. to bring
D. bringing
( )6. ________ me the truth, or I'll be angry.
A. Telling
B. To tell
C. Told
D. Tell
( )7. ________ careful!
A.Be
B. Being
C. To be
D. To
( )8. Don't _______ in the river.
A. swim
B. swimming
C. swam
D. swims
三、句型转换
1. Will you please read it again more slowly? （改为祈使句）
_____ _____ again more slowly, please.
2. Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句）
_____ _______ ______ next to Nancy.
3. Come to my house tomorrow. （改为否定句）
_____ come to my house tomorrow.
4. Wear the glasses! （改为否定句）
______ wear the glasses!
5. Don’t wash your hands!(改成肯定句)
_______ your hands!
四．将以下祈使句改为否定式：
1. Come here early.
2.Ask him.
3. Please wait for her.
4.Let’s go there together.
可数名词不可数名词
单数形式egg, policeman, animal air, water, music
复数形式eggs, policemen, animals
修饰语不定冠词（a,an），数词
many,(a) few, several, a great number of much, a little,
a great deal of
Some, all, a lot of, lots of
例句 E.g. There are eight rooms in the house.
He left for Beijing a few days ago. E.g. I am sorry to give you so much trouble.
Do you have much money left?
woman teacher----women teachers
man teacher -----men teachers
My family (be) a big one. All my
family (be) in China now.
news
politics
maths
physics
thermos
chicken 小鸡/ 鸡肉
room 房间/ 空间；位置
work 作品/ 工作
paper 论文; 报纸/ 纸
glass 玻璃杯/ 玻璃
time 次；倍/ 时间
wood 树林/ 木头
fish 鱼/ 鱼肉
exercise 练习/ 运动；锻炼
light 灯/ 光
fruit (各种)水果/ 水果
需要记忆的特殊复数形式：
man—men woman----women
（例外：German---Germans）
tooth----teeth foot---feet
mouse----mice
child----children
deer---deer sheep---sheep
Chinese—Chinese
Japanese—Japanese
不可数怎样表示：借助表示“张”、“块”的单位词2.借助表示容量的词3.借助表示重量的词4.借助表示形状的词。