基于FDS的宿舍火灾模拟分析1.宿舍物理参数及模型设计1.1宿舍尺寸宿舍尺寸为5m*4m*3m.宿舍内的可燃物为木头材质的床和椅子火源热释放功率为1500kw/㎡.1.2网格划分网格大小为X:40 Y:60 Z:30. 最小网格尺寸为0.1m*0.1m*0.1m 网格数为720002.模拟控制方案模拟时间为45秒，传感器建在门口高1.8米处，向下每0.4米设置一个传感器，有烟感和温感探测器。

3.模拟结果分析3.1温度分析表4.温度-时间曲线图1.温度图2.温度分析:由表4和两张温度温度图可以看出，在着火后的7秒时，室内探测点1的温度就能达到80°左右，这时已经超出人的课承受范围，在16秒的时间是，室内的温度快速的上升，在25秒时，室内的平均温度已经达到了60°。

也就是说在火灾发生的16秒内，人逃离房间受到火焰辐射热度的伤害是很小的。

25秒后，火势已经到了不可控制的程度，室内温度很高，由图2局部的温度可达到100°以上，这时人将会有生命危险。

因此，在室内发生火灾时，上方的温度会升高的很快，人在撤离货疏散时应匍匐行进。

3.2烟气浓度分析表5.烟气浓度-时间曲线图3.烟气浓度图4.烟气浓度分析：由表5的烟气浓度-时间曲线看出，从开始着火8秒的时间内，室内的烟气浓度几乎没有变化，但从9秒开始，室内的烟感探头1和2探测的烟气的浓度就开始快速的上升，到了20秒时，距地面1.8m到1.4m 的地方，烟气的浓度就有30％，这时的空气中的氧气就很少了，人的呼吸就受到了很大的影响，很多的室内火灾中人员的伤亡，大多数都是吸入了大量的烟气导致的中毒或者是窒息死亡的。

到了25秒之后，室内的烟气浓度达到了60％以上，此时室内的人员生还的可能性很低了。

而到了火灾后的29秒时，室内充满了烟气，人员无法逃生。

因此，我们可以清楚的看到，在火灾发生的16秒左右的时间，我们应弄湿毛巾，掩住口鼻，匍匐行进，避免吸入烟气，人员逃生存活的可能性还是很大的。

从图3和4可以看出，25秒之后室内的可见度很低，烟气弥漫，火灾已不可控制。

4.结论从以上的结果我们可以看出，在室内发生火灾的时候，温度升高的很快，而可燃物燃烧后释放出的致命烟气产生的速度也是很快的，因此，如果想要避免受到火灾的伤害，我们应先尽快的控制火灾的蔓延，不要在这过程中心存侥幸心理，耽误时间。

其次，如果在无法控制火势蔓延的时候，应快速的撤离火灾现场，保证人身安全，撤离的过程中应将毛巾等弄湿，捂住口鼻，避免吸入有毒有害的烟气，行进时应保持匍匐的姿势，减少火焰高温和烟气的伤害。

在平常的生活中，预防火灾是可以通过自身的行动来实现的，比如：1.学校加强预防火灾的宣传和学习，组织同学们进行火灾疏散演习，让同学们能在火灾发生时做到及时镇定的处理以及自我保护。

2.我们不要使用一些诸如电热毯，大功率的电水壶，热得快，拖线板等具有火灾隐患的电气设备。

3.当我们离开宿舍时，应将电器的插头拔掉，饮水机的加热功能关掉等，避免在五人的情况下发生火灾。

4.不要私自改掉电路的线路，更不要在床上放置拖线板或者点蜡烛之类的危险火源。

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