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缓和曲线CAD画法

在AutoCAD中缓和曲线的几种画法2011-06-25 20:32在AutoCAD中画缓和曲线比较困难,目前常用的画法有AutoLISP程序法(需要已知曲线要素)、坐标脚本法(需事先计算好各特征点及其他点为的坐标)、曲线命令法(需事先准备各特征点坐标),现分别介绍如下:画法一:缓和曲线AutoLISP 应用程序一、制作缓和曲线AutoLISP 应用程序复制AutoLISP程序源代码,打开“记事本”,粘贴进去后,另存为文件名“缓和曲线.LSP”,保存类型为“所有文件”(AutoLISP程序源代码见附件)二、加载缓和曲线AutoLISP应用程序在命令行输入“appload”打开自动加载对话框。

在对话框的“查找范围”里找到“缓和曲线.LSP”的那个程序,选中后,点击【加载】,显示“已成功加载缓和曲线.LSP”后,关闭对话框,ok你那个程序自动启动加载了。

三、在CAD中画出切线长四、运行程序在命令行中输入hh回车五、选择两条切线,然后输入曲线半径如:2204.5回车六、输入缓和曲线长,如270,绘图完成!画法二:坐标脚本法1.现做一个CAD脚本,会的人跳过(用Windows 文本另存为“.scr”文件)2.脚本编辑输入“SPLINE+空格键+Y坐标+,+X坐标+空格键+Y坐标+,+X坐标……” 以此类推!点输的越密,线条越平滑。

也可以用EXCEL算出各个点的坐标后粘贴进去,然后按照“SPLINE+空格键+Y坐标+,+X坐标+空格键+Y坐标+,+X坐标……”格式编辑。

3.进入CAD,运行脚本,就行了!注意:你可能输入了100个点,而出现的确只有几个点,这个很正常,你把图像删除了,多运行几次就行,一般不超过4次。

画法三:使用真样条曲线命令举例如下:输入导线:pline命令绘制1、2、3各点,其对应坐标如下x1=213.7748 y1=92.1117x2=313.7748 y2=92.1117x3=399.6787 y3=143.3026绘制通过ZH、HZ、QZ、HY和YH各点的与路线导线相切的含缓和曲线的平曲线。

通过计算,五个点的直角坐标为:ZH:X=232.9548 Y=92.1117HY:X=285.3608 Y=94.4667QZ:X=311.8101 Y=99.2371YH:X=336.9780 Y=108.6801HZ:X=383.6319 Y=133.7401使用真样条曲线命令绘制含缓和曲线的平曲线的基本操作步骤如下:Command(命令): Spline(启动真样条曲线命令)object/<Enter first point>(指定起点):232.9548,92.1117(通过ZH)Enter point :285.3608,94.4667Close/Fit Tolerance/<Enter point>(指定下一个点):311.8101,99.2371<通过QZ>Close/Fit Tolerance/<Enter point> (指定下一个点):336.9708,108.6801<通过YH>Close/Fit Tolerance/<Enter point>(指定下一个点):383.6319,133.7401<通过HZ>Close/Fit Tolerance/<Enter point>(指定下一个点):<加如回车>(选择输入切点的模式)Enter star tangent(指定起点切向):232.9548,92.1117 (输入起点切点)Enter star tangent(指定端点切向):383.6319,133.7401 (输入终点的切点)附件:缓和曲线AutoLISP 程序源代码;;多义线摹拟缓和曲线。

;;输入起止直线、半径、缓和曲线长或设计车速。

;;命令:HH(defun com_p()(setq l 0)(command "ucs" "o" (list (- 0 x1) 0 0))(command "pline" (list 0 0 0) "w" "0" ""(repeat 1000(setq l (+ l (/ Ls 1000))x (+ (- l (/ (* l l l l l) 40 C C)) (/ (* l l l l l l l l l) 3456 C C C C))y (* id__ (+ (- (/ (* l l l) 6 C) (/ (* l l l l l l l) 336 C C C)) (/ (* l l l l l l l l l l l) 42240 C C C C C))));setq(command (list x y 0)));repaet);command(setq pt5 (trans (list x y 0) 1 0)));com_p(defun ll_v()(setq V (getreal "\nGive Velocity:")Ls1 (* V 0.85)Ls2 (/ (* 0.0357 V V V) R)Ls (max Ls1 Ls2 (/ R 9))Ls (* (fix (/ Ls 10)) 10.0));setq(if (> Ls R) (setq Ls R))(ll_d));ll_v(defun ll_d()(setq os (getvar "osmode"))(setvar "osmode" 0)(setq C (* Ls R)q (- (+ (- (/ Ls 2) (/ (* Ls Ls Ls) 240 R R)) (/ (* Ls Ls Ls Ls Ls) 34560 R R R R)) (/ (* Ls Ls Ls Ls Ls Ls Ls) 8386560 R R R R R R))pt1 (cdr (assoc 10 (entget (car p1))))pt2 (cdr (assoc 11 (entget (car p1))))pt10(polar pt1 (angle pt1 pt2) (/ (distance pt1 pt2) 2))pt3 (cdr (assoc 10 (entget (car p2))))pt4 (cdr (assoc 11 (entget (car p2))))pt20(polar pt3 (angle pt3 pt4) (/ (distance pt3 pt4) 2))p (+ (- (/ (* Ls Ls) 24 R) (/ (* Ls Ls Ls Ls) 2688 R R R)) (/ (* Ls Ls Ls Ls Ls Ls) 506880 R R R R R))jd (inters pt1 pt2 pt3 pt4 nil)alf1(angle pt10 jd)alf2(angle pt20 jd)alf (- (angle jd pt20) alf1));setq(if (or (> alf pi) (and (< alf 0) (> alf (- 0 pi))))(progn(setq id__ -1)(if (> alf pi) (setq alf (- (+ pi pi) alf)) (setq alf (abs alf))));progn(progn(setq id__ 1)(if (<= alf (- 0 pi)) (setq alf (+ pi pi alf))));progn);if(setq x0 (/ (* (+ p R) (sin(/ alf 2.0))) (cos(/ alf 2.0)))x1 (+ x0 q)Cl (+ (* alf R) Ls)E (- (/ (+ R p) (cos(/ alf 2))) R));setq(command "ucs" "o" jd)(command "ucs" "z" (/ (* 180 alf1) pi))(com_p) (setq pt6 pt5)(setq ppt1 (list x1 0 0))(command "ucs" "")(command "ucs" "o" jd)(command "ucs" "z" (/ (* 180 alf2) pi))(setq id__ (- 0 id__)) (com_p)(setq ppt2 (list x1 0 0))(command "ucs" "")(if (> (abs(distance jd pt1)) (abs(distance jd pt2)))(setq ptt1 pt1)(setq ptt1 pt2));if(setq ptt2 (polar jd alf1 (- 0 x1)))(thh p1 ptt1 10)(thh p1 ptt2 11)(if (> (abs(distance jd pt3)) (abs(distance jd pt4)))(setq ptt3 pt3)(setq ptt3 pt4));if(setq ptt4 (polar jd alf2 (- 0 x1)))(thh p2 ptt3 10)(thh p2 ptt4 11)(if (= id__ 1) (command "arc" pt5 "e" pt6 "r" R) (command "arc" pt6 "e" pt5 "r" R)) (setq alfd (angf alf))(setvar "osmode" os)(command "cmdecho" "1")(command "text" pause pause "" (strcat "偏角=" alfd))(command "cmdecho" "0")(command "text" "" (strcat "半径=" (rtos R 2 2)))(command "text" "" (strcat "切线长=" (rtos x1 2 2)))(command "text" "" (strcat "曲线长=" (rtos Cl 2 2)))(command "text" "" (strcat "外距=" (rtos E 2 2))) (command "text" "" (strcat "缓和曲线长=" (rtos Ls 2 2))));ll_d(defun angf (alf)(setq alff (angtos alf 1 4)n 1kk (strlen alff))(repeat kk(setq alfn (substr alff n 1))(if (= alfn "d")(setq nn n));if(setq n (+ n 1)));repeat(strcat (substr alff 1 (- nn 1)) "%%" (substr alff nn)));angf(defun c:hh(/ p1 p2 pt1 pt2 pt3 pt4 pt5 pt6 pt10 pt20 id__ R V Ls E p3r1 x y l x0 x1 C jd alf alf1 alf2 q p Cl Ls1 Ls2) (command "ucs" "")(setq p1 nil p2 nil)(while (= p1 nil) (setq p1 (entsel "\n拾取第一条直线:"))) (redraw (car p1) 3)(while (= p2 nil) (setq p2 (entsel "\n拾取第二条直线:"))) (redraw (car p2) 3)(initget 1)(setq R (getdist "\n请输入弯道半径R: "))(initget 1 "Ls V")(setq p3 (getdist "\n输入缓和曲线长度(Ls)或[设计速度(V)]:")) (if (= p3 "V") (ll_v) (progn (setq ls p3) (ll_d)))(princ));eline(defun thh(len pt h)(setq en_data (entget (car len))old_data (assoc h en_data)new_data (cons h pt)en (subst new_data old_data en_data));setq(entmod en));thh。

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