一般过去式The past Indefinite tense一、概念:1、过去的状态:肯定句:主语+ was/were+(形容词、名词、介词短语)。
否定形式:主语+ was/were +not +(形容词、名词、介词短语)。
一般疑问句形式:was/were+主语+(形容词、名词、介词短语)Yes,主语+was/were. No,主语+wasn’t/weren’t.特殊疑问句句式:疑问词+ was/were+主语+(形容词、名词、介词短语)* 单数三人成和I 用,was;复数人称和you 用were。
2、过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为:肯定句:主语+ V过去式 +宾语 +时间状语、地点状语。
否定形式:主语+ did +not +宾语 +时间状语、地点状语。
一般疑问句形式:Did +主语 + V原型 +宾语 +时间状语/地点状语Yes,主语+did. No,主语+didn’t特殊疑问句句式:疑问词+Did +主语 + V原型 +宾语 +时间状语/地点状语二、四种时间状语:① yesterday及相关短语。
例如:yesterday morning/afternoon/evening ,the day before yesterday,② “last+ 时间状语”构成的短语。
例如:last Monday .../last night/month/spring/year 昨晚/上个月/去年春天/去年。
③ “一段时间+ago”组成的短语。
例如:three days ago 三天以前 four years ago四年以前。
④ “介词+ 时间名词”组成的短语。
例如:in 1999 在1999年;on the morning of December 25th 在12月25号早上。
还有一些过去时常用的时间状语:just now, at the age of 5, one day, long ago, once upon a time(很久以前), at thattime,before, a few days ago, when,the other day(前几天),When I was 8 years old (当我八岁时…),etc.三、过去时用法:① 表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。
例如:I went to school at 7:00 yesterday morning.我昨天早晨七点去上学。
② 表示在过去某个时间存在的状态。
例如:She was not at home last night.她昨晚八点没在家。
③ 表示在过去经常或反复发生的动作,常和often(经常)、always(总是)、sometimes(有时)等表示频率的时间状语连用。
例如:He often had lunch at school last month.他上个月经常在学校吃午饭。
④ 表示已故的人所做的事情或情况。
例如:Ba Jin wrote a lot of novels for us.巴金写了很多部小说。
四种谓语动词的表现形式① 行为动词的过去式,分为规则动词和不规则动词两种。
规则动词的过去式的构成遵循以下四个规则:1)直接在动词后加ed,例如:help-helped; want-wanted等;2)以不发音的字母e结尾时,去掉e加ed (即直接加d) , 例如:like-liked;3)以辅音字母y结尾时,把y变成i再加ed, 例:carry-carried; study-studied等;4)以重读闭音节结尾,双写最后一个辅音字母再加ed, 例如:stop-stopped; shop-shopped等。
而不规则动词的过去式则需要我们认真下工夫去记了,例如:go-went; come-came; buy-bought等。
② 情态动词的过去式+动词原形。
例如:I could swim at the age of five. 我五岁时就会游泳了五、 AAA型(过去式、过去分词与原形一致)原形过去式过去分词词义cut cut cut 切、割shut shut shut 关、闭(门窗)put put put 放置let let let 让set set set 设置hit hit hit 撞击hurt hurt hurt 受伤;疼痛cost cost cost 值…钱;花费read [ri:d] read [red] read [red] 朗读;阅读AAB型过去式与原形一致beat beat beaten 击败ABA型过去分词与原形一致run ran run 跑步;逃跑come came come 来become became become 变得;成为ABB型过去式与过去分词一致buy bought bought 买fight fought fought 打架;打仗think thought thought 想;认为seek sought sought 寻找;探究bring brought brought 带来catch caught caught 抓住;接住teach taught taught 教;教书lend lent lent 借出send sent sent 送;派遣spend spent spent 花费(时间、金钱)build built built 建设;建立feel felt felt 感觉;摸起来leave left left 离开keep kept kept 保持;保留sleep slept slept 睡觉oversleep overslept overslept 睡过头sweep swept swept 打扫mean [mi:n] meant [ment] meant [ment] 意思是learn learnt / learned learnt /learned 学;学会burn burnt / burned burnt / burned 燃烧;烧伤hear [hiE] heard [hE:d] heard [hE:d] 听见lead led led 领导;致使mislead misled misled 把…引错方向feed fed fed 喂养;喂食flee fled fled 逃跑meet met met 遇见;碰到shoot shot shot 射击light lit / lighted lit / lighted 点燃get got got 获得;得到win won won 获胜;赢得sit sat sat 坐下dig dug dug 挖掘stick stuck stuck 刺;戳hang hung hung 悬挂hang hanged hanged 绞死sell sold sold 出售tell told told 告诉smell smelt smelt 闻;嗅spell spelt spelt 拼写hold held held 拿着;握住find found found 找到;发现stand stood stood 站立understand understood understood 理解lay laid laid 下蛋,平放pay paid paid 付款say [sei] said [sed] said [sed] 说have /has had had 有make made made 制作shine shone / shined shone / shined 照耀lose [lu:z] lost [lRst] lost [lRst] 丢失ABC型原形、过去式、过去分词不一致begin began begun 开始drink drank drunk 喝;饮ring rang rung 铃(响);打电话sing sang sung 唱歌sink sank sunk 下沉swim swam swum 游泳blow blew blown 吹;刮风fly flew flown 飞;放(风筝)know knew [nju:] known 知道;懂得grow grew grown 种植;生长throw threw thrown 扔;投show showed shown 出示;给…看break broke broken 打破;不服从speak spoke spoken 说话steal stole stolen 偷choose chose chosen 选择freeze froze frozen 冻结wake woke woke / woken 醒来;唤醒forget forgot forgotten 忘记take took taken 拿走mistake mistook mistaken 错拿shake shook shaken 摇动;握(手)eat ate eaten 吃fall fell fallen 落下;摔倒rise rose risen [rizn] 上升;上涨drive drove driven [drivn] 驾驶give gave given 给forgive forgave forgiven 原谅see saw seen 看见ride rode ridden 骑(车、马)hide hid hidden 躲藏bite bit bitten 咬forbid forbade / forbad forbidden 禁止;不许write wrote written 书写bear bore born 忍受tear tore torn 撕破wear wore worn 穿、戴(衣帽等)am / is was been 是do / does did done 做go went gone 去lie lay lain 躺;卧情态动词的过去式must must 必须can could 能够;会shall should 应当will would 将;会一、请在仔细诊断每个句子后,把正确的句子写在横线上。
1. We were go to school early yesterday.2. She was buy a dress last week.3. Did you liked playing football you have a good trip -No, I didn’t.5. We didn’t flew kites last month.is Jane yesterday _________________________________________ go to school by bus last week. ________________________________goes home at 6:00 last month. ________________________________can fly kites seven years ago. ___________________________________you saw him just now. _______________________________________wasn't watch TV last night. ________________________________did not my homework yesterday. _______________________________13. He wait for you three hours ago. _________________________________find it just now __________________________________________二、请将下列的汉语句子翻译成正确的英语。