摘要汽车后桥壳是汽车的重要组成部分，它与主减速器、差速器和车轮传动装置组成驱动桥。
驱动桥处于动力传动系的末端，其机动功能是增大由传动轴或变速器传来的转矩，并将动力合理的分配给左、右驱动轮，另外驱动桥桥壳是汽车上重要的承载件和传力件。
驱动桥的桥壳不仅支承汽车重量，将载荷传递给车轮，而且还承受由驱动车轮传递过来的牵引力、制动力、侧向力、垂向力的反力以及反力矩，并经悬架传给车架或车身。
在汽车行驶过程中，由于道路条件的千变万化，桥壳受到车轮与地面间产生的冲击载荷的影响，可能引起桥壳变形或折断。
因此，驱动桥壳应具有足够的强度、刚度和良好的动态特性，合理地设计制造驱动桥壳是提高汽车行驶稳定性的重要措施，汽车后桥壳广泛应用于各种车辆当中。
所设计的后桥壳夹具可广泛应用于卡车的后桥壳加工中，后桥壳起保护和支撑的作用，其主要加工表面为端面外圆、法兰平面、弹簧座平面、以及内孔等。
本次设计的内容主要包括机械加工工艺规程、夹具的设计。
结合本次设计零件的特点，在设计中完成工艺规程一套，夹具一套。
铣床夹具，采用手动夹紧。
通过对汽车后桥壳夹具的学习和设计，可以更好的学习并掌握现代夹具设计与机械设计的全面知识和技能。
关键词：汽车后桥；工艺规程；夹具、Abstract!Automobile rear bridge is an important part of the car, with the main reducer, differential and integral drive axle wheel transmission device. Drive bridge at the end of power transmission lines, the motor function is increased by transmission or gearbox transmission of torque, and power distribution to the left and right driving wheel, and the automobile drive axle housing is the important load bearing and power transmission. Drive axle housing not only supports the weight of the car, will load to the wheel, and also bear the drive wheels pass over the traction force, braking force, lateral force, vertical force reaction force and torque, and the suspension to the frame or body. In the process of moving vehicle, the myriads of changes due to road conditions, the bridge shell under wheel and the ground produces effect of impact load, may cause the axle casing deformation or breaking. Therefore, drive axle housing should have enough strength, stiffness and good dynamic characteristics, reasonable design and manufacture of drive axle housing is the important measure to improve vehicle stability, auto rear bridge shell is widely used in various vehicles.The design of rear axle housing clamp can be widely used in truck rear axle shell processing, rear axle housing for protection and support role, its main working surface to face circular, flat flange, spring seat, and the inner hole of the plane.This design content mainly includes the process, fixture design. Combined with the design of parts of the characteristics, in the design of a set of complete procedure, a set of clamps. Milling fixture, manually clamping. The automobile rear axle housing clamp study and design, can be a better learning and mastery of modern design and the mechanical design of the comprehensive knowledge and skills.Key words: the rear axle of automobile；the crafu analuses；machine tool fixture （目录摘要 (I)Abstract ........................................................................................................................... I I )第1章绪论 (1)机床夹具及其组成 (1)概述 (1)机床夹具的组成 (1),机床夹具的分类 (2)机床夹具的国内外发展现状 (2)国内发展现状 (3)国外发展现状 (3)机床夹具的发展方向 (4)【第2章后桥壳工艺方案总体设计 (6)汽车后桥发展趋势 (6)我国汽车后桥制造业的现状及其发展趋势 (6)汽车后桥壳体的构造及性能要求 (6)后桥壳零件的分析 (7)|后桥壳的作用 (7)后桥壳的工艺分析 (7)后桥壳生产类型及毛坯制造形式的确定 (9)加工后桥壳基面的选择 (9)第3章后桥壳机械加工工艺规程设计 (11)，机械加工工艺路线的选择 (11)工艺方案拟定 (11)工艺方案比较分析 (12)加工余量、工序尺寸、毛坯尺寸的确定 (13)确定切削用量及机动时间 (14)<工序一的切削用量及机动时间 (14)工序二的切削用量及机动时间 (19)工序三的切削用量及机动时间 (20)工序四的切削用量及机动时间 (23)工序五的切削用量及机动时间 (24){工序七的切削用量及机动时间 (25)工序八的切削用量及机动时间 (27)工序九的切削用量及机动时间 (29)工序十的切削用量及机动时间 (30)工序十一的切削用量及机动时间 (31)[工序十二的切削用量及机动时间 (33)第4章铣床夹具设计 (36)确定定位方案 (36)工件的加工工艺分析 (36)定位方案的确定，设计定位元件 (36)—夹紧机构的设计 (37)确定夹紧方式 (37)定位误差分析 (38)夹紧元件强度校核 (39)夹具体的设计 (39)；夹具体操作的简要说明 (40)结论 (41)致谢 (42)参考文献 (43)&'\CONTENTSAbstract ........................................................................................................................... I I Chapter 1 Introduction (1)Machine tool fixture and its composition (1)&1.1.1 Summarize (1)1.1.2 The form of machine tool fixture (1)The classification of machine tool fixture (2)The development at home and abroad of modern machine tool fixture (2)1.3.1 Development in china (3)…1.3.2 Development in foreign countriy (3)Development direction of modern machine tool fixture (4)Chapter 2 The design of overall program (6)The development trend of automobile rear bridge (6)2.1.1 The current situation and development trend of domesticautomobile rear bridge manufacturing (6)~2.1.2 Automobile rear bridge housing structure and performancerequirements (6)The analysis of automobile rear bridge housing parts (7)2.2.1 Automobile rear bridge function (7)2.2.2 Automobile rear bridge process analysis (7)2.2.3 Automobile rear bridge type of production and the manufactureof blank forms (9)—2.2.4 The selection of automobile rear bridge processing base (9)Chapter 3 The design of process (11)The selection of machining process route (11)3.1.1 The program of process (11)3.1.2 The comparative and analysis of process program (12).3.1.3 The determination of machining allowance, process and blanksize (13)The determination of cutting parameters and basic time (14)3.2.1 The cutting parameters and basic time of the first process (14)3.2.2 The cutting parameters and basic time of the second process (19)3.2.3 The cutting parameters and basic time of the third process (20)|3.2.4 The cutting parameters and basic time of the fouth process (23)3.2.5 The cutting parameters and basic time of the fifth process (24)3.2.6 The cutting parameters and basic time of the seven process (25)3.2.7 The cutting parameters and basic time of the eighth process (27)3.2.8 The cutting parameters and basic time of the ninth process (29)《3.2.9 The cutting parameters and basic time of the tenth process (30)3.2.10 The cutting parameters and basic time of the eleventh process (31)3.2.11 The cutting parameters and basic time of the twelfth process (33)Chapter 4 The design of milling machine fixture (36)The determination of locating program and design task (36)（4.1.1 The analysis of workpiece machining process (36)4.1.2 The determination of locating program and the design of locatingelements (36)The design of clamping mechanism (37)4.2.1 The determination of clamping program (37)4.2.2 The analysis of locating error (38)》4.2.3 The locating element strength check (39)The design of machine tool fixture (39)4.4 A brief description of machine tool fixture (40)Conclusion (41)Thanks (42)& References (43)第1章绪论机床夹具及其组成1.1.1 概述机床夹具是一种装夹工件的工艺设备，它广泛的应用于机械制造过程的切削加工、热处理、装备、焊接和检验等工艺过程中。