中心法则每 一步的分 子机理
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2. What should we learn?
Molecular mechanisms of DNA replication, transcription and translation. DNA复制、转录和转译的分子机理。 Molecular mechanisms of transcriptional and translational regulation. 转录与转译调控的分子机理。 Molecular mechanisms of DNA recombination and mutation repair etc. DNA重组与突变修复等的分子机理。
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A wonderful molecular world !
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If the cell does not grow, …
G1 G0 400 kg 200 kg G3 G2 G4
100 kg 50 kg 25 kg
A tiger? You’re kidding me!
G5 G6
G7
12.5 kg
6.3 kg
3.1 kg
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The cell grows before it divides
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The guiding principles / 指导原则
1) Evolution / 进化 2) Physics / 物理学 3) Available resources 可利用资源
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1) Evolution / 进化
All life forms are the product of evolution. Life’s complexity is the accumulation of small advantageous changes over long periods of time. 所有生命形式都是进 化的产物。
像所有物质一样，组 成生命的分子也服从 物理学定律。
细胞需要从环境中获 取能量来保持有序性。
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3) Available resources / 可利用的资源
Cells are limited by the resources available in their environments.
&
Sylvain W. Lapan
Department of Biology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 U.S.A. E-mail: slapan@
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Textbook
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3. How to learn?
Because we have so many things to learn, it is very easy to get lost in these details, and so before we begin to study, we need some guiding principles to give a sense of order to many of these details. 因为我们有这么多内 容要学，而一旦深入 到细节中又很容易迷 失方向，因此在开始 学习之前，我们需要 一些指导原则来帮助 梳理这些细节内容。
An Introduction of Molecular Biology with Chinese Translation 《英汉对照分子生物学导论》
Sylvain W. Lapan 王 勇
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Teaching Activity
Time
First part (60 minutes)
Teaching activity
生命的复杂性是在漫 长的时间里一点一滴 地积累了小的有利变 化的结果。
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2) Physics / 物理学
Like all matter, the molecules that make life are subject to the laws of physics.
Cell needs to obtain energy from its environment to keep its order.
Many cellular mechanisms are shaped by a need to be efficient.
细胞受到它们环境中 可利用资源的限制。
许多细胞机理是为了 有效地使用资源而塑 造出来的。
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Please don’t complain about “too many mechanisms”
Nucleic acids: the information carrier
Information for making proteins is stored in nucleic acids. Nucleic acids (mainly DNA)
Proteins
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The central dogma
1. What is molecular biology?
Molecular biology: “How does a set of molecules make a dynamic living organism?” The most fundamental feature of all known life is the ability to reproduce and the ability to grow. If organisms were not able to reproduce, life would be impossible.
Nucleic acids (mainly DNA)
Transcription
RNA
Translation
Proteins
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Molecular biology studies …
Molecular mechanisms of every step in the central dogma.
Molecular Biology
A bilingual course for undergraduates
Prepared by Yong Wang
Department of Biotechnolgy School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 P. R. China E-mail: ywang@
Benjamin Lewin Gene VIII
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Introduction / 引 言
1. What is molecular biology? 什么是分子生物学？
2. What should we learn? 我们应该学习什么内容？
3. How to learn? 如何学习？
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Use English to teach 用英语教学Seconຫໍສະໝຸດ part (30 minutes)
Use Chinese to explain the major points 用汉语对主要内容进行讲解
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Reference books
James D. Watson etc.
Molecular Biology of the Gene
Divide
Grow
Divide
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Proteins are the key player
Reproduction and growth are largely the work of proteins.
Divide
Grow
Divide
Proteins
Proteins
Proteins
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E. coli: “I like using glucose. Yet I have only lactose now. I have to have the mechanism for utilizing lactose. ”
E. coli: “Sometimes both glucose and lactose are not available. Then, what do I live on? Don’t worry, I have the mechanisms to use …