高中英语讲义---- 名词性从句（主从、表从、宾从，同从）1，陈述句做名从用连词that + SV, that 表主句肯定从句完整，不做成分。
主从可用it 做形式主语，宾从第一个that 可省略。
You study hard.主从：That you study hard is known to us.= It is known to us that you study hard.表从：My opinion is that you study hard .宾从：I think (that) you study hard. …and that (不能省略)….同从：My opinion that you study hard is known to us. *比较同从和主从！●一般抽象名词后对其进行解释和说明的完整句子就是其同位语从句，不完整就是定语从句。
I appreciate your idea that we have an exam every week. （that后完整—同从）I appreciate your idea that you came up with last time.（that后不完整---定从）2，一般问句做名从用连词whether(是否) + SV，whether表主句不肯定从句完整，宾从中可用if（介词后或宾从后有or not时只用whether）。
Does your friend like English ?主从：Whether your friend likes English isn’t clear .=It isn’t clear whether your friend likes English.表从：My question is whether your friend likes English.宾从：I don’t know whether/ if your friend likes English.同从：My question whether your friend likes English isn’t clear.3, 特殊问句做名从用疑问词（连词）+ SV, 疑问词做主语时直接+谓语。
连接代词（what/which/who/whose…）表主句不肯定从句不完整，连接副词（when/where/why/how）表主句不肯定从句完整。
Where did you go just now ?主从：Where you went just now isn’t clear.= It isn’t clear where you went just now.表从：My question is where you went just now.宾从：I wonder where you went just now.同从：My question where you went just now isn’t clear.●当主句为现在时态从句时态不受影响，当主句为过去时态从句就应该变成过去的某种时态，但客观真理总用一般现在时，有固定过去时间总用过去时。
高频考点1，当主从句都缺成分时指物用what/whatever/whichever(有范围), 指人用whoever / whomever(做宾语).The buildings have built in _what_ was farmland. _What_ you need is courage.The prize will be awarded to _whoever_ has won the game. You can choose _what/whatever/whomever_ you like.Of all, you can choose _whichever_ you like .2, No matter+疑问词，只能引导让步状语从句（主从句逗号分开），疑问词+ever 既可引导让步状从，又可引导名从（从句在主句中做成分）。
_No matter who / whoever-has broken the law , he ‘ll be punished ._Whoever_ has broken the law will be punished.3, 抽象名词（fact, news/word, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, problem, possibility/chance ,rumor, concept…）后常用that 引导同从。
News /word came that you had passed the exam.There is no possibility/ chance that he’ll come.练习11.If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate _____ is below the water surface. Often there are rocks orbranches hidden in the water.2.I truly believe _____ beauty comes from within.3._____ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.4._____ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it.5.We must find out _____ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.6. A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not _____ ships are built for.7.----I wonder _____ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.----By working out every day.8.You have to know _____ you’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.9.Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for _____ Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.10.The exhibition tells us _____ we should do something to stop air pollution.11.“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is _____ my mother used to tell me.12.I think _____ impresses me about his painting is the colors he uses.13.It is difficult for us to imagine _____ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.14.----Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?----Yeah, but I have no idea ____ he did it; that’s one of his favorite universities.15.Pick yourself up. Courage is doing _____ you’re afraid to do.16.Exactly _____ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.17.----What a mess! You are always so lazy!----I’m not to blame, Mum. I am ______ you have made me.18.As John Lennon once said, life is ______ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.19.Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That’s _____ I was born.”20.The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _____you are better than anyone else on thesports field.21.Experts believe _____ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.22._____ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.23._____ struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love for his son.24._____ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.25.Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _____ close you may be to victory.26.From space, the earth looks blue. This is _____ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.27._____ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.28.It remains to be seen _____ the newly formed committee’s policy can be out into practice.29._____ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.30.It is by no means clear _____ the president can do to end the strike.练习21.The Beatles were in many ways pioneers for _____ was to come, like holding concerts in sports stadiums.2.Blind people have their own ways to tell the shape of an object and _____ it is day or night.3.----Do you enjoy the latest movies?----Yeah, I will go for _____ is on.4.When you are reading, make a note of _____ you think is of great importance.5.His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out _____ it is that he is trying to express.6.If you are going to kill the snake, you have to get close to _____ the head is and cut it off.7.The Peony Pavilion, a play written by Tang Xianzu, is _____ many people regard as the most romantic story inChinese literature.8.There is no doubt _____ the famous professor will come to give us a lecture.9.How grateful I am to my grandfather for his advice _____ whatever trouble I come across, being calm is a must.10.A warm thought suddenly came to me _____ I might buy some flowers for my friend’s mother’s 60th birthday.11.That company wants to reduce prices to increase its market share, and this is _____ we differ from it.12.Dozens of people were waiting with a camera for _____ seemed like hours, hoping to catch a glimpse of the USFirst Lady, Michelle Obama.13.We have learned from the story that _____ is most valuable is not what we have in our lives but _____ we havein our lives.14._____ he considered a great proposal was turned down by the boss at the meeting.15.Choosing the right dictionary depends on _____ you want to use it for.16.With many cities in China dreadfully blanketed by thick haze, the environment problem is _____ Chinese peopleconcern most nowadays.17.What is concerning us greatly is _____ the workers held up in that area yesterday will be set free.18.Steve Job’s success in digital field proved _____ it took to be a best CEO.19.The problem is _____ we can improve our reading skills in such a short time.20.----It’s my treat today. Is there anything particular you would like to have?----_____ you choose is fine with me.21.The practical suggestion came from the representatives _____ the new rule be adopted.练习3It was reported __1__ there was an accident at a corner of the Roman Street this morning. No one saw __2__ on earth happened then. A car ran into a truck but fortunately, nobody got injured. __3__ will be responsible for the accident is still under investigation. The police were uncertain about __4__ the driver was guilty. __5__ the police should do now is __6__ they must find out what led to the accident. They said it was difficult for them to judge because __7__ the accident happened is not clear. Perhaps the reason was __8__ the driver was too tired to stop the car in time. The driver didn’t admit the fact __9__ he was over-speed driving at the turning. The police doubted __10__ what he said was true and decided to make a further investigation.参考答案练习11.what 句意：如果你在河里或湖里游泳，一定要查明水下的状况。