《现代大学英语》精读课本核心词汇学习手册编写方案
本学习手册以《高等学校英语专业教学大纲词汇表》为根据，以《现代大学英语》精读课文里的词汇为基础，从课文中甄选出常用的积极词汇进行编写，其内容包括：
1.单词的词汇信息；（包括词类、词的前缀、后缀。
词的拼写和发音）
2.英语单词的英汉释义；
3.该词的语法属性；（如名词可数与否，动词的及物与否
4.该词的用法与常用搭配；
5.该词所传达的感情色彩；
6.对与该词有同义、近义、易混、易错词汇的辨析；
7.结合词汇题型，加深该词的理解与运用。
8.词形变换。
Run [rvn] v ( ran, run, running )
1.[I] move with quick steps, faster than when
walking 奔；跑: She came
running to meet him.
2. [I] escape by running 逃跑；逃走:The
robbers took the money and ran.
3.[I; T(on, by)] (cause to ) to work or be in
operation (使) 运转：The sewing
machine won’t run properly./ This
machine runs on/by electricity. 4.[I+adv/prep; T+obj+adv/prep] (cause to)
move quickly or freely （使）快
速移动：Could you run your
eyes over this list?
5.[T] organize; manage: 经营；管理：Teach
me how to run the business
6. extend 伸展；扩展：The road runs for
many miles by the sea.
7.[I (against, for, in )] esp. AmE be or
become a CANDIDATE (= a
person trying to get elected ) in an
election [尤美] 竞选：They chose
OBAMAO to run for President. [常用短语]
run across [T] 偶然碰见(尤指某人或不愉
快的事物)；邂逅；I ran across an
old friend in the street.
run after ------ （按上例）
run away--------
[典型考题] He has been working too hard and he’s_______. He needs a rest.
A. broken apart
B. broken up
C. run over
D. run down
[试题分析] 此题测词组意义，答案为D. [详细解答] 句意：他工作太辛苦，已经精疲力竭了，需要休息。
run down 精疲力竭; break up 打碎，分解；run over 辗过。
[词形变换]
alert [音标] [all (全，都)+ert (活动) 原义为“全都活动起来，警觉起来”]
adj. watchful and ready to meet danger 提防的，警惕的：
be alert to 对---警觉的The dog is alert to sound and movement.
[补充意义]: adj. apprec. quick to see or act 灵活的，机敏的：
be alert in 在…方面很机灵She is alert in answering reporters’ questions.
an alert mind 反应敏捷的头脑
n. a warning to be ready for danger 警报:
to sound the alert 拉响警报
on (the) alert (for)警惕着，对…保持戒备[词形变换]alertness n.警戒,机敏
chase [音标] v [T+obj+adv/prep]
to drive away; to cause to leave 驱赶，驱逐: The dog ran out into the garden and chased the birds away.
[补充意义]：v [I (after);T ] to follow rapidly in order to catch 追赶；追捕：
Chase after Ann and ask her to get some eggs while she’s at the shops.
n. an act of chasing 追赶；追捕：There was a long chase before the criminal was caught. [常用短语]：
chase about(all over)跑来跑去(到处跑)；chase after追逐,追求;chase up设法(迅速)找到dim [音标] v (dimmed) [I;T ] to make or become less bright (使)变模糊，（使）变暗淡：The stage lights (were) dimmed, and the play’s first act was over.
[补充意义]：adj.1). (of a light）not bright 不明亮的;微暗的:The light is too dim for me to see. 2). not clearly to be seen 模糊的；不清楚的：
Her eyes were dim with tears.
3). infml,esp. BrE slow to learn or
understand 迟钝的，愚蠢的
[常用短语] ：take a dim view of [非正式] 对…不赞成或不乐观；
be dim about对…不明白
[典型考题]We could see only the _____ outline of the mountain in the distance.
A. dark
B. obscure
C. ambiguous
D. dim [试题详解] 答案D. 句意：我们只能看到远处高山的模糊轮廓。
dim指视觉而言，由于光线不足或视觉不良而导致的光线模糊不
清或轮廓难以辨认。
A. dark 指漆黑或没有任何照明的状态，不能用来修饰山的轮廓。
B. obscure 意为“不出名的；不清楚的，指something hard to understand; 如；speech full of obscure jokes ;
C. ambiguous 意为“多义的；不明确的”，指文章或谈话中意思可能有多种解释，令人捉摸不定，产生疑虑。
an ambiguous reply。