三级语法考点归纳一. 虚拟语气 1. if 句中虚拟形式 if 引导的非真实条件句(纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大) 条件 与现在相反 与将来相反 与过去相反 done 例句 If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time. If they hadn ' t gone on vacation, their house wouldn 2. 原形虚拟： a. 表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，用动词原形。
suggest, dema nd, advise, propose, order, arran ge, in sist, comma nd, require, request, desire that (should) do 例女口 He suggested that we should leave early. My suggesti on is that we should tell him. b. It is (was)形容词 /名词 that ......... (should) do/ 例女口 It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first. 3. 一些句型中的虚拟形式： 1. It ' s (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that)词过去时 … … 例如 It ' s time we left. 2 would rather/so oner as if/ though would rather/sooner 反 as if/ though 4•练习 1. I _______ t ry it agai n if I ______ you.A. will ； amB. should; am would ； had been 2. If it _______ n ot for the water , the pla nts _ A. were ； would not B. is ； could not could not 3. If I school.A. have not had; could not become从句 did (be > were) did (be * were) had done 主句 would/ should/ might/ could do would/ should/ might/ could do would/ should/ might/ could have 't have been broken (break) into.例女口 It is time we went to bed.宁愿 好像 谓语用过去时 与现在或者将来相 谓语用过去完成时 与过去相反 C. would ； were D. live.C. were ；couldD.did ；that chanee to show my ability, I the preside nt of thisB. had not had ； would not havebecome4. He _____ by that burglar if you ______ to save him.A. might have been killed ； hadn 't comeB. will be killed ； didn 't comeC. may be killed ； did 't comeD. could be killed ； haven 't come5. If it _____ for your help ， I _______ that hard time with so little money.A. were not ； would not spend C. had not been ； would not have spent spend 6. Where _____ you go if war ______ ?A. will ； breaks outC. would ； were to break out7. She wishes she _____ that humiliating thing.A. doesn 't doB. didn ' t do t done8. The chairman suggested that the meeting put off.A. can beB. beC. is 9. It is vital that he _____ immediately.A. should goB. must goC. goes 10. It is time we _____ do our homework.A. begin toB. can begin toC. began to 答案： 1. 选C 。
表示与现在事实相反的假设（指现在的假设）（译文；如果我是你，我会再 试一次 ）2选A 。
表示与现在事实相反的假设（指现在的假设）。
（译文：要是没有水，植物 就不能存活。
）3. 选B 。
表示与过去事实相反的假设。
4 A 。
表示与过去事实相反的假设。
（译文：要不是你来救他，他早就被那个窃贼 杀了。
）5. C 。
与过去事实相反的假设。
（译：要没有你帮忙，我那点儿钱是无法度过那段 艰苦岁月的。
）6. 选C 。
表示与将来事实相反的假设。
（译文：要是战争爆发了，你会上哪儿去？）7. 选D 。
虚拟语气用于宾语从句。
（译文：她真希望自己没有做过那件丢脸的事情。
）8. 选B 。
虚拟语气用于表示“建议”等意义的动词后。
（译文：主席建议会议延期举行。
）9. 选A 。
虚拟语气用于主语从句（It is / was +形容词+ that 引导的分句）。
10. 选C 。
虚拟语气用于定语从句It is time （that ）...句型。
（译文：我们该开始做作 业了。
）.动词的时态1.各个时态动词基本变形C. did not have ； could not becomeD. doesn 't have ； will not become B. is not ； can not spend D. have not been ； will not B. do ； will break out D. will ； is to break out C. haven 't doneD. hadn 'D. will be D. went D. will begin to一定的时态往往和一定的时间状语连用。
always ‘usually, sometimes,一般现在时do/does amis arelast week, yesterday, a few days ago 一般过去时did was/ werenext week, tomorrow, in a week, this year 一般将来时will donow, at prese nt, at this mome nt 现在进行时be +do ingso far, up to now, by the time, si nee的主句现在完成时has/have done3. 练习，用动词的适当形式填空1. He ______ (be) eightee n n ext year.2. It ______ (rain) every day so far this mon th.3. Mozart ______ (write) more tha n 600 pieces of music.4. If it ______ (rain) tomorrow，we' ll have to stay at home.5. How fast ______ he _______ (drive) whe n the accide nt happe ned?6. By the time Mr. Smith left school，he ______ (teach) that course for twenty-five years.7. Perhaps he ______ (fini sh) read ing the book by this time tomorrow.1. 填will be。
next year为表示将来时态的时间状语2. 填has rained so far是“到目前为止”的意思，常和现在完成时搭配使用。
3. 填wrote o Mozart (莫扎特)是已去世的音乐家，故应使用过去时。
4. 填rains。
在条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情。
5. 填was...driving。
表示过去某一时刻发生的动作要用过去进行时。
6. 填had taugh t句中有by the time Mr. Smith left school，主语的谓语应用过去完成时。
7. 填will have finished。
句中有by this time tomorrow，主语的谓语应用将来完成时。
三动词的被动语态1.各个时态的被动语态A. must have completedB. must have bee n completedC. must be completedD. must complete2. The subject of these lectures ______ b y the lecture committee.A. announcesB.have bee n announcedC. announ cedD. has bee n announ ced3. My pictures ______ un til n ext week.A. won' t developB. aren' t developingC. don' t developD. won' t be developed4. They ______ so that we wouldn t recognize them.A. costumedB. disguisedC. were disguis ingD.were disguised5. All the apparatus 器械） _____ before the experime nt bega n.A. had been preparedB. were preparedC. had been preparedD. had prepared6. The world's supplies of copper ______ .A. have bee n gradually being exhaustedB. has gradually exhaustedC. are gradually exhaustedD. are being gradually exhausted7. The goods _______ whe n we arrived at the airport.A. were just uni oadi ngB. were just being uni oadedC. had just uni oadedD. were just bee n uni oaded8. Tom _____ the best student in his class.A. regardsB. regards asC. has regarded asD. is regarded as9. The sports meeting ______ because of the bad weather.A. put offB. was put offC. was putted offD. has put off1. C。