what和that 在名词性从句中的用法区别what和that 都可以引导名词性从句。
一．在引导名词性从句时，从属连词that一般要注意三个不（three nos）：1．不省略当从属连词that引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，that不省略。
Eg. 1) That he was able to come made us happy.2)The truth is that Ididn’t go there.3)The news that our team has won is true.that在宾语从句中不能省略的情况.(1).在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that，从句(真正宾语) 的句型中不省略.Eg: He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English.(2).由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中, 则第二个宾语从句前的that 不省略。
Eg: He told me (that) he would come and that he would come on time.（第一个that可以省略，但第二个that不可以省略。
)2．不作成分that 在名词性从句中不作任何句子成分。
Eg. 1)Sydney kept hispromise that hewould always doanything he couldfor Lucie to makesure of herhappiness.（that引导同位语从句）2)That you don’t likehim is none of mybusiness. (that引导主语从句）3．没词义that 在名词性从句中没有汉语意思。
Eg. 1)That she is a rich woman is known to us. (that 引导主语从句)2）The thought that he might fail in the exam worried him. (that引导同位语从句）二．在引导名词性从句时，what一般要注意一个有（meaning）,一个作（component）：eg.1) What I had for breakfasttoday was rice with egg.(what 在句中引导主语从句，what是had的宾语)2）I wonder what we can do. (what引导宾语从句，在句中做do的宾语）3) This is what she wanted to show us. (what引导表语从句，在句中做show的宾语）三．两个注意：1. What所引导的从句可以在介词后作宾语，而that从句一般不可以。
Eg：After months of voyage, Columbus arrived in _____later proved to be a new continent.A. whereB. whichC. whatD. that评析：答案是C。
因为在介词in 后面，应该用what引导的宾语从句，what在宾语从句中作主语。
He was astonished to find the floor covered with _____looked like tiny insects.A. thatB. somethingC.what D. anything评析：答案是C。
因为在介词with 后面，应该用what 引导的宾语从句，what在宾语从句中作主语。
2.that可以引导定语从句，但what不可以引导定语从句, what只引导名词性从句。
Eg:All _____I want to know is what he meant.A.thatB. whichC.what D. whatever评析：答案是A.本题是that 引导的定语从句。
而what 不可以引导定语从句。
又因为先行词是all，故其后不可以接which 引导的定语从句。
______impressed me most was ______such a little boy could play the violin so well.A.That ; whatB. What ;that C. That ; that D.What ; what评析：答案是 B.第一空是what 引导的主语从句，并在主语从句中作主语。
第二空是that 引导的表语从句，that在表语从句中不省略，不作成分，也没词义。
练习：一．改错题：1.What we all like him is certain.2.He left is certain.３．I wished that we could go to Beijing this summer and we could buy some books on our way back4.His delay is due to the fact the car went wronghalfway.5.The idea which the world may be destroyed by nuclear weapons came to him.6.The news our team has won is true.7.He said that he had madea big mistake and he felt very sorry for it.8.The reason he did not come is he was ill.9.His delay is due to the fact the car went wrong halfway.10 .When you answer questions in a job interview ,please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly that he wants.Key s: 1.(what→That) 2.(he 前加that) 3.（在and 后加that）4.（在the car前加that） 5.(which→that)6.(在news 后加that )7.(第一个that可以省略，但第二个that不可以省略。
所以要在and 后加that) 8.（在is 后加that)）9.（在fact后加that）10. (将that 改what)二）高考题：11．[92] It worried her a bit ______ her hair was turned grey.A. whileB. thatC. ifD. for 12．[93] _____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.A. WhatB. ThatC. The factD. The matter13．[96] _____ we can’t get seems better than _____ we have.A. What / whatB. What / thatC. That / thatD. That / what14．[98] _____ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A. WhatB. ThatC. HowD. Where15．[01] A computer can only do _____ you’ve instructed it to do.A. howB. afterC. whatD. when Keys:11-15 BAAAC三）选择题：16．Air to us is ______water to fish.A. whatB. thatC. /D. like17．China is not _____ it used to be .A. thatB. whatC.which D. /18. After ______seemed to be ten years later, he returned to his hometown.A. whatB. thatC. /D. which19.There are signs ______restaurants are becoming more popular with families.A. thatB. whichC. in whichD. whose20.It is pretty well understood ______controlsthe flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.A. thatB. when C . what D. how21.______fashion differs from country to country may reflect the culture differences from one aspect.A. WhatB. ThatC. ThisD. Which22.----What made her parents so angry ?----______ she had failed inthe exam.A. AsB. BecauseC. SinceD. Thatrmation has been put forward ______more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. A. while B. that C. when D. as24.----Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game ?----Oh, that’s ______.A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feelexcited aboutC. how I feel about itD. when I feel excited25.There is a new probleminvolved in thepopularity of privatecars _______ roadconditions need_______.A. that , to be improvedB. which , to be improvedC. where, improvingD. when , improving26.Word has come______some foreign guests will come to our school.A. thatB. whetherC. whichD. what27.No one can be sure ______in a million years.A. what man will look likeB. what will man look likeC. what look will like manD. what look will man like.28.____puzzled the police especially was ______themurderer died .A. The thing ; thatB. That ; howC. What ; howD. Which ; how29.Sometimes we are asked _____ the likely result of an action will be .A. that we thinkB. what we thinkC. what do you thinkD. if we think 30. The fire destroyed all _____ was in the building .A. whatB. whichC. thatD. how31.It’s certain _____he will come to our rescue.A. whetherB. whatC. thatD. if32. I’m sure ______things will get better and ______we will get out of the trouble soon.A. that ; whichB. /;/C. /; thatD. that ; /33.He was so pleased withall ______we had donefor him ______he wroteus a letter to praise usfor it . A. what ; whatB. what ; thatC. that ;what D. that ; that 34.Was it in his office______the managermade a promise______he would give mepromotion?A. when ; thatB. that ;that C. when ; whichD. on which ; what35. There is no doubt _____China will catch up withthe developed countries.A. whichB. thatC.whether D. what36._____he did well in theexamination made himhappy.A. WhatB. WhichC.That D. When37. There is a popular beliefamong the students_____one cannot hope toachieve success withouthard work. A. whichB. thatC. /D. what38.Who discovered thetruth ______ the earthgoes round the sun ?A. whichB. whatC.when D. that39. By success I don’t mean ______usually thought of when that word is used.A. what isB. that weC. as youD. all is40. Although Anne is happy with her success she wonders ______will happen to her private life.A. thisB. itC. whatD. thatKeys:16-20 ABAAC 21-25 BDBAA 26-30 AACBC31-35CCDBB 36-40CBDAC。