2023届北京市清华大学附属中学高三三模英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、完形填空When I was in third grade, my family moved from a house in the countryside to a houseour routines were disrupting. But I loved it.I loved the bunk bed, where I knew my brother was right above me, close enough for me to 5 and grab if need be. I loved that there were no other 6 anywhere nearby, so my brother had to play with me. I loved that as I went to sleep at night, the light from the living room and the 7 of my father watching TV were just a few feet away.In that period of disruption, I loved the closeness that we relied upon our small cabin. In our normal lives, I wouldn’t have dared to ask my brother to play with me instead of his friends. I couldn’t have 8 to share a bedroom with him.9 , my parents found a new house and we moved into it. It was bigger than our old house and much bigger than the cabin. But I mourned the loss of the cabin and, particularly, the loss of the 10 .1．A．houseless B．jobless C．helpless D．speechless 2．A．awarded B．showed C．returned D．offered 3．A．spacious B．narrow C．quality D．unique 4．A．emergent B．happy C．stressful D．relaxing 5．A．settle down B．reach up C．bend down D．show up 6．A．relatives B．players C．classmates D．neighbours 7．A．voice B．memory C．sound D．argument 8．A．requested B．decided C．refused D．troubled 9．A．Naturally B．Eventually C．Initially D．Urgently 10．A．closeness B．brotherhood C．friendship D．transformation二、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Not long ago, my daughter’s shoes 11 (damage) with a knife. She burst into tears. I took them to the shoemaker’s. The man said he would add more scratches on both shoes as if the openings were made on purpose for a special style. I didn’t fully understand him, but I decided to leave the shoes. Two days later I dropped by from work 12 (collect) the shoes. I found more scratches on each shoe, but all the openings were patched by red leather and the stitches were twisted. The appearance looked 13 (interesting) than ever.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The African penguin is expected to go extinct in the wild in just over a decade, given its current population decline. The main reason is a lack of food caused by disturbance to ocean conditions from global heating and 14 (compete) from the commercial fishing industry. According to a study, recently scientists 15 (identify) a possible additional cause, one that is an entirely new threat and that further 16 (prevent) the penguins from finding food: noise pollution from marine ships in a bay.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Crying is a natural response to emotions. Regardless of 17 causes the tears to flow, the physical reaction is usually the same with puffy cheeks and tight eyes 18 (lead) to streaming tears down one’s face. Despite its stigma (污名), crying can be an act 19 relieves tension and clears feelings of negativity and sadness. Crying can communicate our emotions to others and foster greater understanding and compassion. Ultimately, crying is a powerful tool we ought to use to free ourselves 20 negativity.三、阅读理解Spend six nights working with rangers (护林员) while helping to preserve YosemiteNational Park!Yosemite is one of the world’s most beloved national parks. As volunteers in Yosemite Valley, we help rangers fix trails and repair fragile natural resources. No previous experience necessary, our leaders provide the training we need to complete the work at hand.ActivitiesV olunteers should be comfortable hiking up to two miles each day. To assess your fitness, you are required to hike stairs for 2-3 miles with a daypack weighing 10-15 pounds at the fitness test.What’s IncludedAll meals from dinner on Day 1 through breakfast on Day 7; campground reservations; group tools; transportation from campground to work sites; orientation and training; park entrance fees.AccommodationsCamping, 6 nights (bring your own tent).Your Adventure Itinerary(日程)▶Day 1Meet for orientation and enjoy a welcome dinner. An orientation meeting will be conducted to provide volunteers with an overview of the scheduled work projects as well as training in proper tool use and safety.▶Days 2-5Working with park rangers, assist in trail maintenance and restoration. During these three days, we plan to work from 9 a. m. -4 p. m. with an hour scheduled for lunch. We return to Yellow Pines Campground each evening for dinner and relaxation.▶Day 6Explore Yosemite National Park on your much deserved rest day. Challenge yourself on a hike up the Mist Trail, relax by the Merced River, or read a book in a peaceful meadow — this day is all yours.▶Day 7Depart Yosemite for home. V olunteers wishing to stay longer may make reservations at other campgrounds or lodging in the park.21．In the Yosemite V olunteer Project, volunteers are supposed to ______.A．replace the rangersB．help tourists carry daypacksC．have relevant working experienceD．restore easily damaged natural resources22．What is included in the volunteer program package?A．Personal camping equipment.B．Transportation from home to work sites.C．All meals and accommodation in a hotel.D．Campground bookings and park admission fees.23．What is the recommended activity during the rest day of the project?A．Relaxing by a river.B．Guiding a reading activity. C．Participating in a guided hike.D．Assisting at an orientation meeting.The student arrived early, sat front and center, and stood out in my classroom in more ways than one. I’d say that he was about 40 years older than his classmates in my undergraduate communications class. He eagerly jumped into class discussions, with his humor and wisdom of experience. And he was always respectful of the other students’ perspectives, as if each of them were a teacher. Jerry Valencia walked in with a smile—and he left with one too.“These students gave me the confidence that I didn’t need to feel bad about my age,” Valencia says.One day, I spotted Valencia on campus. He said he would have to stop taking classes that semester and reapply for next year. By then, he hoped to have earned enough money and have his student-loan papers in order. He asked seriously whether he could still sit in on my communications class.Sure, I said. But he wouldn’t get any credit.No problem, he said.Soon there he was again, back at his old desk, jumping into our discussions on how to find and tell stories in Los Angeles—a 63-year-old man with as much energy and curiosity as any of the youngsters in class.A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,”says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. Afterward, I overheardValencia wanted to stay in school until he earned a master’s degree, but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college, so he had a long way to go.There is something splendidly unreasonable about Valencia’s determination to get a four-year degree and then a master’s. At his current pace, he’ll be 90 when he finally hangs all that paper on the wall. But that doesn’t seem especially relevant. He’s found all the youthful energy and academic opportunity stimulating. Valencia’s grade in my class this semester will not show up on his transcripts(成绩单). But I’m giving him an A—and in the most important ways, it counts.24．What made Valencia different from his classmates?A．He was respectful to the teacher.B．He activated the class atmosphere.C．He was eager to learn despite his age.D．He often put forward different opinions.25．According to the author, why did Valencia continue to attend classes?A．He treasured the chance of learning.B．He wished to show his determination.C．He needed the credits to further his study.D．He desired to have an A on his transcripts.26．Which of the following best describes Valencia?A．Modest and independent.B．Energetic and generous. C．Enthusiastic and motivated.D．Considerate and intelligent. 27．What can we learn from the passage?A．No pains, no gains.B．It is never too old to learn.C．Strike the iron while it is hot.D．Where there is life, there is hope.A heavy feeling on the chest. A throat that’s leaden. An overwhelming feeling of isolation. Loneliness hurts—and, over time, it can put the body into a state that increases our risk of everything from heart attack and stroke to diabetes and cancer. So, evolutionarily speaking, why do we experience it?Stephanie Cacioppo, a neuroscientist at the University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, says that countless studies have helped researchers formulate a holistic(全面的)purpose for loneliness. “Our social structures evolved hand in hand with neural, hormonaland genetic mechanisms to support these social structures—like couples, tribes and communities—that help us survive and reproduce,” says Cacioppo. Because while loneliness may be painful to experience today, for our prehistoric ancestors that pain would have been a far better alternative to being caught alone with a predator on the prowl(潜行).Being social had its downsides even back then—competition for food, for example, or contribution to the spread of pathogens(病原体). But scientists think we evolved to feel loneliness because it was more important to work with one another to accomplish tasks and to protect everyone. “The pain of loneliness prompted us to renew the social structure so we could survive and promote key features like trust, cooperation and collective action, explains Cacioppo.For years, researchers thought of loneliness as a disease. But now, they’re realizing that it’s more of a biological hunger signal that reminds us when it’s time to reconnect with those around us to promote our short-term survival. If the outcomes of loneliness were entirely negative, it would no longer be a part of our DNA．“Hunger and thirst protect our physical body while loneliness protects our social body,” says Cacioppo.Loneliness impacts us all differently. Some of us may find certain situations lonely even while others don’t. There’s also a genetic component: Some of us are born to feel lonelier than others. Other factors play a role, too. The way we were treated as children can also inform how lonely we feel as adults. Lonely people spend most of their time deep within their own imaginations; they may conceptualize social encounters so much, in fact, that this part of their brain is in overdrive. That means even though they may be desperate to form connections, when they’re around other people, they’re actually less likely to be present. 28．As for loneliness, which would the author agree with?A．It can lead to serious mental problems in adulthood.B．It holds potential risks and disadvantages to individuals.C．It may reflect a person’s strong desire to have social bonds.D．It is perceived in the same way as it is demonstrated by our DNA．29．Scientists believe that loneliness is______.A．beneficial but risky B．painful but necessaryC．natural and powerful D．personal and harmful30．Which would be the best title for the passage?A．Humans evolved to be lonely.B．Loneliness is a curable disease.C．Loneliness is a personal feeling.D．Humans need to address loneliness.A video circulated on social media earlier this year, showing a tourist opening the door of a vehicle, reaching out an arm and attempting to stroke a passing lioness. The lioness shrugged him off, but it could have easily gone horribly wrong.Reckless behaviour around wildlife risks the safety of both people and animals. People risk being attacked, mauled (撕咬) and possibly killed, while animals can be harmed, removed or put down, irrespective of whether they were only defending themselves. Animal attacks can also cast a destination in a negative light, causing temporary closures or scaring off visitors. All just so someone could boast that they had stroked a lion or captured a moment on a camera phone.“Tourists are getting more and more reckless around wildlife and the source of the problem is social media.” says wildlife photographer Anette Mosshachers. “People risking their lives or doing stupid things with wildlife are after ‘likes’ and followers, something to show off on social media,” says Mossbacher. “The greater the risk, the more ‘likes’ they get. With some clients, it seems like a sickness or addiction.”Yet social media is not entirely to blame. People have always taken risks for an experience. Foolish behavior and a tendency to get cocky around dangerous animals must have been around since the dawn of humanity. A hunger for attention online might drive some of the current madness, but some individuals might be trying to recreate a piece of the action they have seen on television. Perhaps the adrenaline (肾上腺激素) rush when close to wild animals causes an evaporation of common sense.“There’s a worrying lack of awareness that animals several times our size, weight, speed and strength can easily hurt us,”says wildlife photographer David Lloyd. “I don’t think parks are doing enough to raise awareness. Tourists need to know how their presence can affect wildlife. A good example is cheetahs (猎豹) on vehicle rooftops. It may be a thrill for the bystanders, but the consequences if a mother cheetah falls off would be severe. She would no longer be able to hunt, so her cubs could easily starve.”“People aren’t getting the education about why they need to stay away from wildlife, including avoiding diseases, keeping people secure and letting wildlife be wild,” says Philip Muruthi, vice president of species conservation and science for the African Wildlife Foundation. “We need to educate tourists through signs, pamphlets and frontline drivers. Weshould stick to guidelines, and there needs to be enforcement through the law.”31．What can we learn about reckless behaviour around wildlife?A．It harms tourists more than animals.B．It enables tourists to get intimate with animals.C．It may bring more profits to a tourist destination.D．It may get animals killed for defending themselves.32．As for Mossbacher’s opinion on what drives people’s reckless behavior, the authoris______.A．sympathetic B．disapprovingC．doubtful D．indifferent33．What does the underlined word “cocky” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A．Selfish.B．Frightened.C．Arrogant.D．Shocked.34．What can we conclude from the passage?A．Parks are expected to take more responsibilities for educating tourists.B．Raising tourists’ awareness means stressing the danger of animals to them.C．More regulation of the tourist industry is the key to raising tourists’ awareness. D．Penalties rather than education can stop people taking silly risks around wildlife.四、七选五How does it feel when you solve your problem by yourself? Things may not always go as planned. 35Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources you have at the time. 36 They can also be anything else that’s useful, such as information, advice or your own experience. It also means trusting your instincts, the ability you’re born with, rather than through training and being confident about your ability to face challenges. A resourceful person is not the one getting cross or panicking when something goes wrong. They’re thinking about how to solve the problem.37 When we learn to solve problems for ourselves rather than immediately going to others for help, it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions. Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems,but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time. 38 This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself.When you’re facing a challenge, try to focus on the actual problem rather than how you feel about it. Think about where and when it happened and what the causes are. Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can. 39 Finally, review what has and hasn’t worked, so you’re equipped to deal with a situation next time.And remember, no one is expected to solve all problems by themselves. If you have a tricky problem that you’re unable to solve, then ask a trusted adult for help.A．You also learn what you’re good at.B．Here is how you can be more resourceful.C．They can be practical things like pens and paper.D．Resourcefulness is a skill that’s good for you in lots of ways.E．These may be famous mottos that always inspire us to move on.F．Weigh up what’s good and bad about each one and choose the best.G．But being resourceful can help you stay calm and deal with tricky situations.五、阅读表达阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。