专八语言学练习1. Which of the following feature is NOT one of the design features of language?a. Language is a system,b. Language is symbolic.c. Animal also have language,d. Language is arbitrary.2. The fact that different languages have different words for the same object is good proof that human language is .a. arbitraryb. non-arbitraryc. logicald. non-productive3. Which of the following terms best describes the "-ate" in the word "affectionate"?a. Derivational morpheme,b. Inflectional morpheme.c. Free morpheme,d. Prefix.4. Which of the following teerms best describes the pair of words kill and dill?a. Minimal pair.b. A phonemic contrast.c. Closed class words,d. Bound morphemes.5. What is the basic lexical relation between piece and peace?a. Synonymy.b. Antonymy.c. Homonymy.d. Polysemy.6. /p/ is different from /b/ in .a. the manner of articulationb. the shape of the lips.c. the vibration of the vocal cords.d. the place of articulation.7. Of all the speech organs, the is/are the most flexible.a. mouthb. lipsc. tongued. vocal cords8. The phonological features, the consonant /t/ are .a. voiced stopb. voiceless stopc. voiced fricatived. voiceless fricative9. The branch of linguistics that studies show context influences the way speakers interpret sentences is called .a. semanticsb. pragmaticsc. sociolinguisticsd. psycholinguistics10. The utterance "We' ve abeady eaten ten tons. " Obviously violates the maxim of .a. qualityb. quantityc. relationd. manner11. All the back vowels in English are pronounced with rounded-lips, i. e. rounded,Except .a./a:/b./u/c./3: /d./u/12. The semantic relationship between the two sentences "Mary' s son is an engineer" and "Mary has a son" is .a. entailmentb. presuppositionc. synonymyd. inconsistency13. Which of the following sentences is a commissive?a. The earth is round.b. I now pronounce you husband and wife.c. I' m really sorry !d. I' 11 be here tomorrow.14. Semantic feature analysis attempts to account for the of a word according to the presence or absence of a specific semantic feature in the word.a. conceptual meaningb. social meaningc. connotative meaningd. affective meaning15. act is the extra meaning of the utterance produced on the basis of its literal meaning.a. Speechb. Locutionaryc. Illocutionaryd. Perlocutionary16. is a group of people using a given language or dialect. They use the same kind of language or dialect which is highly stratified in terms of social division.a. Speech communityb. Individual dialectc. Regional dialectd. Social dialect17. The situation where two very different varieties of the same language are used side by side for two different sets of functions is termed asa. diglossiab. bilingualismc. muhilingualismd. register18. A is a variety of a language that is not a native language of anyone, but is learned on contact situation such as trading.a. pidginb. creolec. dialectd. lingua franca19. The word "lab" is formed througha. back formationb. blendingc. clippingd. derivation20. Which of the following items is not one of the grammatical categories of English pronouns ?a. Genderb. Numberc. Cased. V oice21. The pair of words "lend" and "borrow" area. gradable oppositesb. converse oppositesc. co-hypinymsd. synonyms22. "Big" and "Small" are a pair of opposites.a. complementaryb. gradablec. completed. converse23. is the study of how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication.a. Semanticsb. Pragmaticsc. Sociolinguisticsd. Psycholinguistics24. A variety of a language used recognizably in a specific region or by a specific social class is called aa. dialectb. registersc. creolesd. pidgins25. In a speech community people have something in common---a language or a particular variety of language and rules for using it.a. sociallyb. linguisticallyc. culturallyd. pragmaticlly26. [1] and [r] function in a minimal pair ofa. lid and ridb. lad and redc. peel and peard. Both a, b and c.27. Man' s linguistic ability enables him to produce and understand an infinitely large number of sentences in his native language, including the sentences which were never heard before. This design feature of language is .a. specializationb. cultural transmissionc. productivityd. arbitrariness28. The study of language development over a period of time is generally termed as linguistics, which focuses on the changes and developments of language.a. comparativeb. appliedc. synchronicd. diachronic29. Human language operates on two levels of structure. At on elevel are elements which have no meaning in themselves but which combine to form units at another level which do have meaning. This design featureof language is calleda. displacementb. dualityc. arbitrarinessd. interchangeability30. If three consonants could cluster together at the beginning of a word, the first phoneme must bea. [s]b.[t]c.[1]d.[p]31. A is the smallest meaningful phonetic segment of an utterance on the level of parole.a. morphemeb. phonec. phonemed. morph32. There are different types of affixes or morphemes. The affix "ed" in the word learned is known as a (n) .a. derivational morphemeb. free morphemec. inflectional morphemed. free form33. is a sub-field of linguistics that studies the sentence structure of language.a. Morphologyb. Syntaxc. Semanticsd. Pragmatics34. The concept of the minimal pair is proposed for identifying .a. phonemesb. allophonesc. morphemesd. allomorphs35. In the following conversation:A: Beirut is in Peru, isn' t it?B: And Rome is in Romania, 1 suppose.B violates thea. Quality Maximb. Quantity Maximc. Relation Maximd. Manner Maxim36. The semantic relationship between flower and rose isa. hyponymsb. hyponymyc. co-hymonymsd. superodinate37. The word " unhappiness" has morphemes.a. oneb. twoc. threed. four38. Which of the following sound is diphthong?a. [ai]b. [t]c. [dv]d. [A]39. "Hot dog" with the first element stressed means .a. a dog which is notb. a barking dogc. a kind of foodd. a dead dog40. The plural affix in the word table is a(n) .a. inflectional suffixb. derivational suffixc. free morphemed. root41. In first language acquisition children usually grammatical rules from the linguist information they hear.a. useb. acceptc. generalized. reconstruct42. According to Krashen, refers to the gradual andsubconscious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations.a. learningb. competencec. performanced. acquisition43. The criterion used in IC analysis isa. transformationb. conjoiningc. groupingd. substitutability44. Which branch of phonetics concerns the production of speech sounds?a. Acoustic phoneticsb. Articulatory phoneticsc. Auditory phoneticsd. Neither of them45. refers to the study and analysis of the mistakes made by second and foreign language learners.a. Contrastive analysisb. Error analysisc. Interlanguaged. The behaviorist approach参考答案1-5 caaac 6-10 cccbb 11-15 abdac16-20 aaacd 21-25 bbbab 26-30 acdba31-35 ccbac 36-40 bcacb 41-45 cddbb。