P59 6、SUMMARY OUTPUT回归统计Multiple R 0.9976 R Square 0.9953 Adjusted R Square 0.9945 标准误差 0.4965 观测值 8.0000方差分析dfSSMSFSignificanceF回归分析 1.0000 311.3960 311.3960 1263.2338 0.0000残差 6.00001.47900.2465总计 7.0000 312.8750Coefficients标准误差 t Stat P-value Lower 95%Upper 95%下限 95.0%上限 95.0%Intercept 2.0898 0.4066 5.1398 0.0021 1.0949 3.0847 1.0949 3.0847 X Variable 1 1.93110.054335.5420 0.00001.79822.0641 1.7982 2.0641RESIDUAL OUTPUT观测值 预测 Y 残差(e-(e-1))^2e^2 1.0000 5.9521 0.0479 0.0023 2.0000 7.8832 0.1168 0.0047 0.0136 3.0000 11.7455 -0.7455 0.7435 0.5558 4.0000 13.6766 0.3234 1.1425 0.1046 5.0000 15.6078 0.3922 0.0047 0.1538 6.0000 19.4701 -0.4701 0.7435 0.2210 7.0000 21.4012 0.5988 1.1425 0.3586 8.0000 25.2635-0.26350.7435 0.06944.52501.4790DW=4790.15250.4=3.0594Dependent Variable: YMethod: Least SquaresDate: 10/24/13 Time: 10:52Sample: 1 8Included observations: 8Variable Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic Prob.C 2.089820 0.406598 5.139769 0.0021X 1.931138 0.054334 35.54200 0.0000R-squared 0.995273 Mean dependent var 15.12500Adjusted R-squared 0.994485 S.D. dependent var 6.685539S.E. of regression 0.496495 Akaike info criterion 1.649830Sum squared resid 1.479042 Schwarz criterion 1.669690Log likelihood -4.599320 Hannan-Quinn criter. 1.515880F-statistic 1263.234 Durbin-Watson stat 3.059395Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000从上述数据可知该模型的回归方程是:Y=2.0898+1.9311x拟合优度:R^2=0.9953表明Y的变异被X的变异解释了99.53%,说明X与Y的拟合优度非常好。
F检验:Hβ1=0;H1:β1≠0假设:F=1263.2338F=1263.2338>F05.0(1,6)=5.99所以否定原假设,说明回归方程非常显著。
T检验:Hβ1=0;H1:β1≠0假设:T=35.5420T=35.5420 >T025.0(6)=2.447所以参数估计值都能通过t检验,在统计上是显著的,可以认为广告费用支出对销售额有显著性影响。
DW检验:DW=3.0594 (n=8,k=1)由DW统计表可以看到,当n=15,自变量个数k=1,d l=1.08,d u=1.36,能够确定4-d l DW 4所以可以判断模型随机项 存在序列负自相关。
点预测:当X=16万元时,Y=32.9874万元根据线性预测模型,我们可以预测,当广告费用为16万元时,且当显著性水平为5%时,该该公司下一季度的销售额是32.9874万元。
区间预测:S=0.4965S0=0.4965*1.466=0.727932.9874-1.96*0.7279=31.558632.9874+1.96*0.7279=34.4140即置信度为95%的预测区间为(31.56,34.42)7、SUMMARYOUTPUT回归统计MultipleR0.937723765R Square 0.87932586AdjustedR Square0.84484753标准误差 1.966842176观测值10方差分析df SS MS F SignificanceF回归分析 2 197.320723 98.66036149 25.503729 0.00061045 残差7 27.079277 3.868468146总计9 224.4Coefficients 标准误差t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95%下限95.0%上限95.0%Intercept 4.58750895 2.51997952 1.820454856 0.11149422 -1.3712957 10.546314 -1.3713 10.5463X Variable 1 -0.1799571 0.07329463-2.455256 0.04376868-0.3532713 -0.006643-0.3533-0.0066X Variable 2 1.86846815 0.269609986.9302633 0.000225131.230941852.50599441.230942.50599Dependent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares Date: 11/07/13 Time: 11:06 Sample: 1 10Included observations: 10Variable Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. C 4.587509 2.519980 1.820455 0.1115 X1 -0.179957 0.073295 -2.455256 0.0438 X21.8684680.269610 6.9302630.0002R-squared 0.879326 Mean dependent var 16.60000 Adjusted R-squared 0.844848 S.D. dependent var 4.993329 S.E. of regression 1.966842 Akaike info criterion 4.434061 Sum squared resid 27.07928 Schwarz criterion 4.524836 Log likelihood -19.17030 Hannan-Quinn criter. 4.334480 F-statistic 25.50373 Durbin-Watson stat 1.006336Prob(F-statistic)0.000610从上述数据可知该模型的回归方程是: Y=4.5875-0.1800X1+1.8685X2拟合优度:2^R =0.8448表明Y 的变异被X1、x2的变异解释程度达到84.48%,说明x1、x2与Y 的拟合优度较好。
F 检验: 假设H 0:β1=β2=0 ;H 1: β1、β2不全为零F=25.5037 由05.0=α 74.4)7,2(05.0=F5037.25=F ()74.4310,1305.0=--F所以否定原假设,说明回归方程非常显著。
T 检验:假设:)2,1(0:10≠==ββiiH i H9303.64553.221=-=t t 由05.0=α 查表得 365.2)310(025.0=-t )7(05.0t t i所以参数估计值都能通过t 检验,在统计上是显著的,可以认为产品价格和居民人均收入对该产品销售量有显著影响。
序列相关检验: DW= 1.0063 ( n=10 ,k=2)由DW 统计表可以看到,当n=15,自变量个数k=2,54.195.0==U L d d ,能够确定d du lDW即不能够确定u i之间是否存在序列相关。
点预测:当 x1=45,x2=20时,8575.33ˆ=y(万件) 根据线性预测模型,我们可以预测,当该产品的价格为45元,居民人均收入为20千元时,当显著性水平为5%时,该产品的销售量为34万件。
区间预测:S^2=3.8680δ2=6.2271t025.0=2.365∆=5.0)^1(**2025.0δ+S t =12.5047Λy 0=33.8575所以预测区间为(21.3528,46.3622)8、单位成本与产量的双曲线模型:x y1110ββ+=令y Y 1=,xX 1= ,则X Y ββ10+=进行一元线性回归,得出结果SUMMARY OUTPUT回归统计Multiple R 0.920615982 R Square 0.847533786 Adjusted R Square 0.836643342 标准误差 1.522E-05观测值 16方差分析dfSSMSFSignificanceF回归分析 1 1.80277E-08 1.8028E-08 77.823622 4.3102E-07残差 14 3.24307E-09 2.3165E-10总计 15 2.12707E-08Coefficients 标准误差t StatP-valueLower 95% Upper 95% 下限 95.0%上限 95.0%Intercept 0.000957152 8.89604E-05 10.7593088 3.746E-08 0.00076635 0.00114795 0.00076635 0.001148X Variable 1-0.244396630.02770381 -8.82176984.31E-07-0.3038154 -0.1849779 -0.3038154 -0.184978可知Y=0.0009572-0.2444X 由上可初步估计方程为xy 12444.00009572.01-= 拟合优度:R2=0.8475 表明Y 的变异被X 的变异解释了84.75%,说明X 与Y 的拟合优度较好。