高二上学期英语12月月考试卷一、阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）1. 阅读理解Back in 2012, Dylan Mayer was 19 yearsold. He was a few years into a new passion: scuba diving. He says spending time underwater is like visiting an alien planet full of strange creatures.Dylan grew up in Maple ValleyWashington, just outside of the liberal blue bubble of Seattle. Dylan learnedyoung how to hunt and do farm work. On October 31, 2012, he decided to marryhis love of scuba diving with his desire to be self-sufficient and harvest hisown food. That gray morning, the goal was to pull a giant pacific octopus fromits den, wrestle it to the surface and take it home for dinner.He and a friend headed to the populardive site at Cove 2 in West Seattle. With his bare hands, Dylan caught an80-pound cep halopod . “The key is to stay calm. Onceyou start to panic, you’ll drown,” said Dylan, recalling his 45-minutehand-to-tentacle battle with the octopus.But when he hauled it out of the water,people nearby didn’t look very happy. Dylan and his dive partner threw theoctopus in the back of their truck and quickly left the scene.Even though what Dylan did wasperfectly legal and even though octopus is on restaurant menus all over theNorthwest, the taking of this particularoctopus touched a nerve. Adult membersof the diving community that Dylan was so excited to be a part of not onlyroundly rejected him, but also threatened to kill him and his family. However,one diver from the Cove 2 community rose above the criticism to guide thisyoung diver.（1）What did Dylan Mayer decide to do on October 31, 2012?A . To get married.B . To grow his own food.C . To support himself by diving.D . To pull a giant pacific octopus.（2）Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A . Dylan went to Cove 2 alone.B . Dylan spent 54 minutes catching the octopus.C . Dylan attached great importance to keeping calm.D . Dylan caught a cephalopod with some equipment.（3）What were people’s reactions to Dylan’s taking of the octopus?A . Not all people liked it.B . People nearby were very satisfied.C . Adult members of the diving community were very excited.D . Nobody liked it because they thought it was against the law.2. 阅读理解From Mozart to Metallica, tons of people enjoylistening to various types of music while they paint, write, or draw. Manybelieve that music helps boost creativity, but an international study conductedby English and Swedish researchers is challenging that belief. Their findingsindicate music actually stymies creativity.To come to their conclusions, researchers hadparticipants complete verbal insight problems designed to inspire creativitywhile sitting in a quietroom, and then again while music played in thebackground. They found that background music “significantly damaged”the participants’ abil ity to complete tasks associated with verbal creativity.The research team also tested background noises such as those commonly heard ina library, but found that such noises had no impact on subjects’ creativity.The tasks were simple word games. For example, participants were given threewords, such as dress, dial, and flower. Then, they were asked to find a singleword associated with all three that could be combined to form a common phraseor word. The single word, in this case, would be “sun” . Participants completed the tasks in either a quiet room, orwhile exposed to three different types of music; music with unfamiliar lyrics,instrumental music, or music with familiar lyrics.“We found strong evidence of damaged performancewhen playing background music in comparison to quiet background conditions,”says co-author Dr. Neil McLatchie of Lancaster University.Dr. McLatchie and his colleagues theorize thatmusic interferes with the verbal working memory processes of the brain,blocking creativity. Also, as far a s the library background noises havingseemingly no effect, the study’s authors believe that was the case becauselibrary noises create a “steady state” environment that doesn’tdisrupt concentration. It’s worth mentioning that even familiar music with wellknown lyrics damaged participants’ creativity, regardless of whether or not itcaused a positive reaction, or whether participants typically studied orcreated while listening to music.“To conclude, the findings here challengethe popular view that music strengthens creativity, and instead demonstratethat music, regardless of the presence of semantic content ,consistently disrupts creative performance in insight problem solving,”the study reads.（1）Why are Mozart and Metallica mentioned at the beginning?A . To prove they are very creative.B . To introduce the topic of the text.C . To show the importance of music.D . To offer some background information.（2）What does the underlined word “stymies” in the first paragraph probably mean?A . Blocks.B . Boosts.C . Inspires.D . Strengthens.（3）If the participants were given the words fire, place and book during the game, a proper answer could be .A . manB . storeC . workD . birth（4）What do we know about the study?A . The tasks were very difficult for participants to finish.B . All participants were exposed to two different types of music.C . Music with famous lyrics didn’t harm participants’ creativity.D . Library background noises hardly affected participants’ creativity.3. 阅读理解Heart disease is one of the major killers in theworld today. Many who suffer from it must have heart transplants. However, it’sdifficult to get a suitable heart donation, and even if a patient survives thewait, his or her body often rejects the heart.But there is now new hope for sufferers of heartdisease. According to a study published in the journal Advanced Science,researchers from Israel’s Tel Aviv University printed a 3D human heart on April15.“This is the first time anyone anywhere hassuccessfully engineered and printed an entire heart,” professor Tal Dvirtold CNN. Unlike the previous 3D-printed heart structure, the new heart iscomplete with cells, blood vessels, chambers and other structures a heart needsto function normally. But scientists still have more to figure out before the3D-printed heart can be fitted into the body. For one thing, the experimentalheart is only the size of a thumb. And, although it can contract like a muscle,it cannot pump out blood like a real one. At present, the heart prototype islike a tiny airplane that has all of the right parts, but can’t fly.However, the development is still regarded as amajor breakthrough in medicine.In the experiment, the researchers turned humanfat tissue into human heart tissue with stem cell technology. The tissue wasthen turned into “bio-ink” for a 3D printer to ensure that tissue inthe heart came from the patients themselves. So ideally, if it were to beplaced in the body of someone in need of a transplant, there would be less riskof organ rejection. “Patients will no longer have to wait for transplantsor take medications to prevent their rejection,” researchers told USAToday. “Instead, the needed heart will be printed, fully personalized forevery patient.”But the scientists think that 3D printing can beused to create otherhuman organs. They foresee a time when the 3D printing oforgans will be an everyday medical practice. “Maybe, in 10 years, therewill be organ printers in the finest hospitals around the world and theseprocedures will be conducted routinely,” Dvir said.（1）Why do scientists have to do further research before fitting the 3D-printed heart into the body?A . Because the heart is incomplete.B . Because the heart can’t pump out blood.C . Because the heart is an airplane that can’t fly.D . Because the heart can’t contract like a muscle.（2）What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?A . The needed heart will be printed to meet every patient’s need.B . The 3D printing of organs will be an unusual medical practice.C . Dvir has a negative attitude towards the future of organ printers.D . Patients will need medicines to stop their rejection for their heart transplant.（3）What can serve as the best title for the passage?A . Organ printers in the hospitals.B . How to get a suitable heart donation.C . Heart disease: one of the major killers.D . A 3D-printed heart: new hope for heart disease sufferers.二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）4. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。